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Getting Started with
Orcad Lite, Release 9.
Professor Robert Hofinger Purdue University - Columbus
You start a new project (program) by going to the File menu in the upper left corner, then New, and then Project.
The following screen will appear:
Be sure that the “Button” for the Analog or Mixed A/D selection is chosen. See above figure.
You need to fill in the top line Name with a file name and then the bottom line Location with the path name. This is the directory where you will be storing your “Project”.
Now the following screen will appear. Since you are starting a new project, change the button settings as shown below. Activate the Create a blank project button.
Now you should come up to a blank schematic entry screen.
You can now start adding components and symbols to your schematic, by using the Place, Part menu sequence, or the special icon (the uppermost one) on the right hand toolbar.
The following screen will appear.
DC Bias Simulation
To start the simulation process, open the PSpice menu. The first choice available is New Simulation Profile. Left-click on it and the following window will appear.
Give the New Simulation a Name. For now use Chap 4.
Left-click Create and the next screen will appear
Select the Bias Point setting in the Analysis type window, and then left-click OK
Now you are ready to Run a simulation.
Go to the PSpice menu and select Run.
The simulation window will appear. When the simulation has completed, close this window and the schematic will appear. When the V, I, and W tool buttons are activated, the voltage, the current , and/or the power dissipated in that component results will be attached. The tool buttons along side the V, I, and W buttons allows you to alternately toggle a highlighted value OFF and ON
Here you can make your choices for displaying the symbol properties.
P.S. You don’t have to enter OK as I have. Entering anything will activate the property.
To start the simulation process, open the PSpice menu. The first choice available is New Simulation Profile. Left-click on it and the following window will appear.
Give the New Simulation a Name. For now use “ac Gain”. Left-click Create and the next screen will appear
Choose the AC Sweep/Noise under the Analysis type option. Since in this example we will be looking at only one frequency, (i.e. 1kHz) set the AC Sweep Type as shown above.
Run the simulation and open the output file (under PSpice, and View Output File). At the end of the output file you will find the AC Analysis results, like the section shown below.
**** AC ANALYSIS TEMPERATURE = 27.000 DEG C
FREQ VM(VOUT) VP(VOUT) 1.000E+03 7.363E-02 -1.794E+
**** 03/11/01 21:42:29 ************** PSpice Lite (Mar 2000) *****************
** Profile: "SCHEMATIC1-ac Gain" [ A:\hmwrk14\chap_10 prob_17-schematic1-ac gain.sim ]
**** AC ANALYSIS TEMPERATURE = 27.000 DEG C
FREQ VM(VS) VP(VS) 1.000E+03 1.000E-03 0.000E+
In this example, the frequency (FREQ), magnitude (VM) and phase (VP) are displayed for each signal node.
Recall that you can modify, add to or delete anything from the output file, just as you would with a text file (which it is).
FIG. 9.
To start the simulation process, open the PSpice menu. The first choice available is New Simulation Profile. Left-click on it and the following window will appear.
Give the New Simulation a Name. For now, use Max Power Sweep
Left-click Create and the next screen will appear
Activate the Global parameter button and add the name of your parameter that you are sweeping. In this case it is OHMS. The sweep type will be Linear. Since you will want to sweep the resistor
value from 0 Ω ’s to 30 Ω ’s in steps of 1 Ω you will enter these values in the appropriate places. Note that you could not enter a Start value of 0 Ω ’s since this would result in a divide by zero, which is illegal. If you try it you will get an error message. Go try it, run PSpice and see the results. So you can use 0.001 Ω , a small number close enough to 0.
If everything was entered correctly, the simulation will run without any errors, and the following screen will appear:
Add a trace by left-clicking on the Trace menu or on the toolbar button:
This brings up the Add Traces menu. Since you are looking for the power dissipated in a resistor as a function of its value, highlight the W(RL).
Series Diode Configuration
In this segment you will plot out the current vs. voltage characteristics of the D1N4148 diode.
The diode network is shown below.
R 1k E 10Vdc D D1N
0
The simulation profile is set up for a DC Sweep as shown below.
Click OK to close this window and run PSpice. When the circuit is finished simulating, the
Probe window will appear. At that point, you will want to change the x-axis from V_E1 to
V1(D1). Pull down the Plot menu and click on the Axis Settings… option. This will bring
up the following menu.
Click on the Axis Variable button and then choose V1(D1). After you have chosen the x-
axis the above window will reappear. Now set the Data Range to User Defined and adjust
the settings to what you prefer. In the above menu example 0V to 1.2V was selected. When
you close this window, you can now select your y-axis variable. Use the I(D1) selection to
plot the ID vs VD diode characteristics.
Use of Bus Wires
A scalar wire, the one that we have been using all along, can carry only a single signal. A bus wire can carry multiple signals. This can cut down on the number of wires on your schematic, thereby making the schematic easier to read.
We have already used a FileStim1 source to inject a single signal into our circuit.
F
DSTM
SIGNAME =
FILENAME =
Along with this input source we have to create a FileStim text file.
Now looking at the example block diagram below
U22B
7404
D1 3 4 D1bar
D0bar
D
D
D
U24B
7404
3 4 D3bar
D[0..3]
D2bar
U21B
7404
3 4
U23B
7404
3 4
DSTM2 F
SIGNAME = D0,D1,D2,D3,FILENAME = SIMX.STM
You can see that we have multiple signals coming from a single wire. This is the bus wire.
Along with that, I have used a multiple FileStim input source, in this case a FileStim4 source. The four means that it can inject 4 signals simultaneously. There are also 2 input, 8 input, 16 input, and 32 input versions in the OrCad Lite source library.
The FileStim text file is created and labeled on the FILENAME = line in the same way. But now on the SIGNAME = multiple signal name can be entered. As shown in the example above, the letter designation can be anything but the suffix following it must be a number, and IN SEQUENCE. Typically it is the numerical sequence of signals available.
At the signal exit points, notice the use of “BUS ENTRY” lines. A bus entry is used to tie a signal to a bus. The advantage of using bus entries instead of wires is that two bus entries can be connected at the same point on a bus without connecting the signals. If two wires are run directly to a bus at the same location, the signals are connected.
The nodes at the gates are marked with the appropriate Net Alias. Now one more thing needs to be done. The bus wire must be labeled with the names of the signals. In this case, D0 to D3. Using the Place menu and the Net Alias selection, create the label of the bus wire as shown below.
Place your Net Alias on the bus wire and your all set.
