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ASSIGNMENT 1 FRONT SHEET
Qualification BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Computing Unit number and title Unit 13 :Computing Research Project Submission date Date Received 1st submission Re-submission Date Date Received 2nd submission Student Name Mai Tran Tuan Anh Student ID GCD Class GCD0904 Assessor name Phyo Min Tun Student declaration I certify that the assignment submission is entirely my own work and I fully understand the consequences of plagiarism. I understand that making a false declaration is a form of malpractice. Student’s signature Grading grid P1 P2 P3 P4 P5 M1 M2 M3 D1 D
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- BY A LITERATURE REVIEW (P1) I. PRODUCE A RESEARCH PROPOSAL THAT CLEARLY DEFINES A RESEARCH QUESTION OR HYPOTHESIS SUPPORTED
- Title
- Background
- Research Method......................................................................................................................................................
- Literature Review
- Research Question
- Objectives
- Hypothesis
- Literature Support
- Working plan.............................................................................................................................................................
- II. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY (P2)
- Definition
- Primary research
- Secondary research.............................................................................................................................................
- Qualitative research
- Quantitative research
- Scientific methods...............................................................................................................................................
- RESEARCH PROJECT THAT CONSIDER COSTS, ACCESS AND ETHICAL ISSUES (P3) III. CONDUCT PRIMARY AND SECONDARY RESEARCH USING APPROPRIATE METHODS FOR A COMPUTING
- Conduct primary research
- Conduct secondary research
- IV. APPLY APPROPRIATE ANALYTICAL TOOLS, ANALYZE RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DATA (P4)
- Minitab
- Excel
- Google Form
- V. COMMUNICATE RESEARCH OUTCOMES IN AN APPROPRIATE MANNER FOR THE INTENDED AUDIENCE (P5)
- Research outcome
- The benefits of research outcome
- VI. BIBLIOGRAPHY
- Figure 1: Minitab.........................................................................................................................................................
- Figure 2: Excel
- Figure 3: Statistic displayed in pie chart
- Figure 4: Statistic displayed in bar chart
I. PRODUCE A RESEARCH PROPOSAL THAT CLEARLY
DEFINES A RESEARCH QUESTION OR HYPOTHESIS
SUPPORTED BY A LITERATURE REVIEW (P1)
Title: How online shopping affect user intention in physical shopping
Background:
- The invention of internet has changed the way businesses runs all over the world (Adnan, 2014). For ever since, the internet has growing rapidly throughout the last decade, following up with multiple new things such as e-commerce, social media, G-mail and so on. Thanks to the Internet, with a simple click, user can connect with other people from all around the world. The people use the internet for many reasons such as searching product information, evaluate price and quality, choose services, and transfer payments (Moshref et al. 2012).
- The first World Wide Web server and browser, which created by Tim Berners-Lee in 1989, was first opened in 1991. Following up is the Internet Banking features, developed and emerged in 1994. Either NetMarket or Internet Shopping Network conducted the first secure online retail transaction in 1994. Immediately after, in 1995, eBay and Amazon.com each started their respective online retail platforms. These events have marked a new era for technology, for specific is online shopping and change human’s habit of purchasing things afterwards
- The internet has emerged as a vital tool for communication and online shopping in a number of technologically advanced nations. In addition to the popularity of internet, the growth of online shopping business is increasing every year (Ariff et al. 2013). There has been a move towards online shopping because of different online factors including convenience, ease of use, low cost, time saving, various online products and brands, with fast delivery as compared to shopping physically (Adnan, 2014). Buyers and consumers are connected and service without the limitation of time and place. Online shopping is the third most common use of internet after web surfing and email uses (Yoruk et al. 2011)
- Online shopping behavior consists of buying process of products and services through internet (Moshref et al. 2012). The process of purchasing online products is also similar to physical shopping. The whole process includes 5 steps. First, the user will have to identifies their needs for the product or service. Then, using shopping online app or social media commerce, they will search for the information. After gathering product information, the consumer evaluates the product with other available options selecting an item according to his/her requirement and criteria making transaction for selected products and gets post purchase experience (Kotler, P. 2000). Online shopping behavior relates to customer’s psychological state regarding the accomplishment of online buying (Li & Zhang, 2002).
Hypothesis H1: Social influence has significant positive affect on Intention to Use H 2 : Enjoyment has significant positive affect on Intention to Use H 3 : Trust has significant positive affect on Intention to Use H 4 : Trust has significant positive affect on Enjoyment H 5 : User satisfaction has significant positive affect on Intention to Use Literature Support No. Hypothesis Effect Literature Support H1 Social influence has significant positive affect on Intention to Use (+) Tsai, Kuo, and Tan (2017) H2 Enjoyment has significant positive affect on Intention to Use (+) Saprikis et al. (2018) H3 Trust has significant positive affect on Intention to Use (+) Liu et al. (2019) H4 Trust has significant positive affect on Enjoyment (+) Sukhu, Zhang, and Bilgihan (2015) H5 User satisfaction has significant positive affect on Intention to Use (+) Bhattacherjee (2001) Working plan No. Task Assigned for Duration 1 Finish research proposal Mai Tran Tuan Anh October 1st - October 7 th, 2022 2 Conduct online survey Mai Tran Tuan Anh October 7 th - October 22th, 2022 3 Analyze data Mai Tran Tuan Anh October 22th - October 29 th, 2022 4 Writing report Mai Tran Tuan Anh October 29th - November 12 th, 2022 5 Presentation Mai Tran Tuan Anh November 20th, 2022 Ethical Form
II. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY (P2)
1. Definition
- Research methodology is the process of selecting how to methodically plan and carry out research. A research technique is a description of the steps taken to conduct a specific type of study. It outlines the methods or processes used to locate and evaluate data pertaining to a certain research topic. The research methodology, then, concerns how a researcher plans their study in a way that enables them to get accurate, trustworthy results and accomplish their research goals.
- Any formal research project, including research papers, theses, dissertations, journal articles, and theses, will have a section (or chapter) on research technique. This section outlines the methodological decisions made and provides support for those decisions. Therefore, researchers utilize this section to explain why the techniques they chose are the most appropriate for achieving the study's goal and producing results that are valid and trustworthy. Additionally, based on the applicability and efficiency of the techniques used, this part enables readers to assess the validity and dependability of a study.
- There are two forms of research, which are primary research and secondary research
2. Primary research
- Primary research is an approach that allows researchers to gather data on their own, as opposed to relying on data from earlier studies. Primary data is factual and original (Ajayi, 2017). Primary research is only done to solve a specific issue that needs in-depth investigation. Businesses or organizations can either carry out primary research themselves or hire a third party to do it for them. One significant benefit of primary research is that it is "pinpointed," meaning that it is focused entirely on a single issue or problem and attempts to find answers to it.
- Secondary research
- A study technique called secondary research, sometimes known as desk research. Secondary data is the data already collected or produced by others (Ajayi,2017). To improve the overall effectiveness of research, existing data is compiled and summarized. Research that has already been published in research reports and other comparable papers is considered secondary research. These materials may be made available through online resources, public libraries, surveys that have previously been completed, etc. A few governmental and non-governmental organizations also keep data that can be obtained and used for research.
- Secondary research is far more affordable than primary research since it uses data that is already available, as opposed to primary research, which collects data from organizations or enterprises directly or through the use of a third party. Because it is more effective than primary research, it become a popular choice among a lot of businesses and organizations.
- Some of the secondary research methods frequently used are:
- Data on the Internet: Utilizing the internet is one of the most used methods for gathering secondary info. On the internet, data is easily accessible and may be downloaded with a single click. This information is essentially free, although one might need to pay a little fee to download data that is already available. Businesses and organizations can leverage websites' wealth of information to meet their research needs. Organizations must, however, only use reliable, trustworthy websites for gathering data.
- Government and nongovernment agencies: Some government and non-government organizations may also provide data for secondary research. Businesses and organizations can use the useful and pertinent data that the US Government Printing Office, US Census Bureau, and Small Business Development Centers have to offer. There is a fee associated with downloading or using the data made available by these agencies. These organizations provide reliable and authentic data.
- Public library: Another excellent place to look for data for this project is public libraries. Copies of significant earlier research are available in public libraries. They serve as a repository for crucial data and papers from which data can be gleaned. Each of these public libraries offers a different range of services. A significant selection of government publications including market statistics, company directories, and newsletters are frequently available in libraries.
- Educational Institutions: It's common to undervalue the value of gathering information from educational institutions for secondary research. But compared to other corporate sectors, colleges and universities perform the most research. Universities mostly use the data they gather for primary research. Businesses and groups can, however, go to educational institutions and ask for information from them.
- In order to conduct appropriate secondary research, these steps should be involved:
- Identify the topic of research: Determine the subject that needs research before you start your secondary research. List the attributes of the research and its aim once that is finished.
- Identify research sources: Focus just on the information sources that can give you the most pertinent facts and information for your study.
- Collect existing data: Once the sources for the data collection have been selected, look for any previously collected information that is relevant to the subject. Numerous sources, including newspapers, public libraries, governmental and non-governmental organizations, etc., can be used to find research-related data.
- Combine and compare: Once data has been gathered, combine it with other data to check for duplicates, then put it all together in a format that can be used. Make cautious you only gather information from reliable sources. Research can be significantly hampered by inaccurate data.
- Analyze data: Examine the acquired data to see if all the questions have been addressed. If not, repeat the procedure if more time is needed to focus on useful information.
- Qualitative research
- The process of gathering, examining, and interpreting non-numerical data, such as language, is known as qualitative research. To comprehend how a person interprets and lends meaning to their social experience, qualitative research might be performed. Non-numerical data, such as text, video, pictures, or audio recordings, is referred to as qualitative data. In-depth interviews or diary entries can be used to gather this kind of material, which can then be examined using grounded theory or thematic analysis.
- Qualitative research focuses in understanding a research query as a humanistic or idealistic approach (Pathak et al, 2013). These methods are designed in a manner that help reveal the behavior and perception of a target audience with reference to a particular topic. There are different types of qualitative research methods like an in-depth interview, focus groups, ethnographic research, content analysis, case study research that are usually used. The results of qualitative methods are more descriptive and the inferences can be drawn quite easily from the data that is obtained.
- One-on-one interview: One of the most popular techniques for conducting qualitative research is conducting in-depth interviews. One respondent is interviewed one-on-one in a personal setting. This approach is can be face to face or telephon entirely conversational and provides chances to probe the respondent for specific information. One benefit of this approach is that it gives you a fantastic chance to collect detailed information about people's beliefs and motivations. If the researcher is skilled and knowledgeable, asking the proper questions can aid in the collection of relevant data. The researchers should ask such follow-up questions that would assist them in gathering more information if they should need more.
- Focus groups: One of the popular qualitative research techniques for data collection is a focus group. A focus group typically has six to ten participants who are members of your target market. Finding the answers to the "why," "what," and "how" questions is the focus group's major goal. Focus groups have the advantage that you don't always have to contact with the group in person. Today, focus groups can be surveyed online using a variety of devices, and responses can be gathered instantly. Compared to other online qualitative research methodologies, focus groups are an expensive method. They are typically employed to clarify intricate procedures.
- There are four main types of Quantitative research
- Descriptive research: This method aims to characterize the current state of a variable that has been identified. The purpose of these studies is to offer systematic data regarding a phenomenon. The researcher typically does not start with a hypothesis but is more likely to do so after gathering evidence. The hypothesis is tested through the analysis and synthesis of the data. Careful unit selection and variable measurement are necessary for systematic information gathering.
- Correlational research: It attempts to use statistical data to quantify the strength of a link between two or more variables. In this kind of design, connections between and among various data are looked for and interpreted. While this kind of research will spot trends and patterns in data, it does not go as far as to show the reasons behind the observed patterns. The foundation of this form of observational research is not cause and effect. The only things being researched are the data, relationships, and variable distributions. Variables are only detected and analyzed as they exist in a natural environment; they are not altered in any way.
- Causal-comparative/quasi-experimental research: It attempts to identify the variables' causal linkages. Although there are some significant variations, these kinds of designs are extremely comparable to actual experiments. The effects of an independent variable on the dependent variable are measured, but the independent variable is not changed by the investigator. The researcher must make use of naturally occurring or pre-existing groupings rather than creating them at random. Studying and contrasting groups that are exposed to the treatment variable with those that are not are identified control groups. Determined causes must be carefully considered when analyses and conclusions are formed because other factors, both known and unknown, may still have an impact.
- Experimental research: Often referred to as "real experimentation," this technique applies the scientific method to determine the cause-and-effect link between the various study-related factors. The actual experiment is frequently viewed as a laboratory study, although this is not necessarily the case; the environment of the lab has no bearing on it. Any study in which an effort is made to identify and impose control over every other variable but one is a true experiment. To ascertain the effects on the dependent variables, an independent variable is changed. Instead of placing subjects into naturally occurring groups, experimental treatments are assigned at random to them.
- Scientific methods
- Scientific method are the foundation of modern science (Richard and Elwood, 2005). Through testing and experimentation, the scientific method establishes facts in an unbiased manner. Making an observation, formulating a hypothesis, making a prediction, carrying out an experiment, and then evaluating the findings are the fundamental steps. The scientific method's principles can be used in various contexts, including business, technology, and scientific study. In the sphere of technology and allied fields, the scientific method is extremely valuable. It definitely has a place in both research and development and daily operations. Testing hypotheses can be simple because practically anything can be quantified. Finding faults and potential improvement areas can be made much simpler by applying the
scientific technique of evaluating hypotheses. Considering new technology before using them might also be beneficial.
- The scientific method uses a series of steps to establish facts or create knowledge. The overall process is well established, but the specifics of each step may change depending on what is being examined and who is performing it
- Make an observation or question : Observing something you want to learn more about or asking a question you want answered is the first step. Both of these options are possible. Establishing a well-defined query now will benefit you later.
- Collect background information : Investigating what is already known about the subject is required in this. Finding out if the same question has already been posed might also be part of this.
- Construct a hypothesis : An explanation for the observation or query is referred to as a hypothesis. It may become true if later proof is provided.
- Make an assumption and run a test : Using the hypothesis as a foundation, make a testable prediction. A significant change that can be measured or seen through empirical analysis should be established by the test. During the test, it's crucial to account for other factors.
- Make a judgment based on your analysis of the data : Check whether the results match the prediction using the metrics set up prior to the test. After come up with the result, the final conclusion will be conducted and marked the end of the process.
III. CONDUCT PRIMARY AND SECONDARY RESEARCH
USING APPROPRIATE METHODS FOR A COMPUTING
RESEARCH PROJECT THAT CONSIDER COSTS, ACCESS
AND ETHICAL ISSUES (P3)
1. Conduct primary research
- In order to create primary data for the research, I will make an online survey using Google form. This survey will be divided into 2 parts. The first part will include demographic part where participants will enter some of their information such as age, gender, occupation and so on
- For the second part, we will focus on collecting measurable data for the research. All of the hypothesis as well as questions that are related to the research field will be included. We will ask the participants to give their own opinions on each question in the survey. At the end of the survey, there will be a section for the participants to give their feelings about the survey, what can be done to make the research better
- The number of participants expected will be around 100
- The duration of the survey will be 2 weeks after it is officially posted
- Excel
- Microsoft's Excel spreadsheet program is a part of the Office family of business software programs. Users of Microsoft Excel may format, arrange, and compute data in a spreadsheet. Data analysts and other users can make information easier to examine as data is added or altered by organizing data using tools like Excel. The boxes in Excel are referred to as cells, and they are arranged in rows and columns. These cells are used to store data.
- Excel is most frequently utilized in professional contexts. It is utilized, for instance, in operations management, performance reporting, human resource management, and business analysis. Excel uses a sizable group of prepared cells to arrange and edit data as well as perform mathematical operations. Utilizing formulas, pivot tables, and graphing tools, users can arrange data in the spreadsheet. Visual Basic for Applications is a macro programming language that is integrated into the spreadsheet application. Figure 2 : Excel
- Here is the table that show differences between Excel and Minitab Task Excel Minitab Creating Graphs Using Raw Data
- Excel is a spreadsheet program used for compiling, sorting, and highlighting huge data, but it doesn’t work great for statistical calculations.
- Creating graphs and advanced statistical calculations becomes clumsy.
- Minitab helps to create a bar chart using raw data. There will be no need for added calculations.
- It embeds complex calculations in statistical and graphical analysis tools. Organizing Multiple Graphs
- Excel allows to store results and graphs directly on the worksheet and reflects the same.
- Minitab provides different worksheets and graphs for different datasets. It’s quite evident for the result window gets cluttered with a lot of reports.
- Using a navigator, you can overcome the issue of a clumsy result sheet. It allows you to switch between graphs, worksheets, and statistical output. You can choose the one that you want to bring to the front. Careers (^) • Information clerk
- Project managers
- Cost estimator
- Accountants
- Sales manager
- Financial analysts
- Retail store manager
- Cost estimator
- Data Analyst
- Quality Manager
- Manufacturing Engineer
- Quality Assurance Specialist
- Senior Automotive Engineer
- Design Engineer
- Sales Manager Advisor
- Process Improvement Manager
