Download 4006 FINAL EXAM COMPREHENSIVE STUDY GUIDE 2026 and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
4006 FINAL EXAM COMPREHENSIVE STUDY
GUIDE 2026
◉ The client requires a sterile dressing change. Which of the following is an appropriate intervention for the nurse to implement in maintaining sterile asepsis? Select one: a. Put sterile gloves on before opening sterile packages. b. Check integrity of sterile packages prior to use. c. Place the cap of the sterile solution well within the sterile field. d. Place sterile items on the very edge of the sterile drape.. Answer: b. Check integrity of sterile packages prior to use. ◉ The client has a large, deep abdominal incision that requires a dressing. The incision is packed with sterile 1.75-cm packing and covered with a dry, 10 × 10-cm gauze. When changing the dressing, the nurse accidentally drops the packing onto the client's abdomen. Which of the following actions should the nurse take? Select one: a. Add alcohol to the packing and insert it into the incision. b. Throw the packing away, and prepare a new one.
c. Pick up the packing with sterile forceps, and gently place it into the incision. d. Rinse the packing with sterile water, and put the packing into the incision with sterile gloves.. Answer: b. Throw the packing away, and prepare a new one. ◉ Droplet precautions will be instituted for the client admitted to the infectious disease unit with which of the following conditions? Select one: a. Influenza b. C. difficile c. Pulmonary tuberculosis d. Measles. Answer: a. Influenza ◉ A client with active tuberculosis is admitted to the medical center. The nurse recognizes that which of the following types of precautions will be required upon admission of this client? Select one: a. Airborne precautions b. Droplet precautions
c. The first small amount of sterile solution should be poured and discarded. d. Wrapped sterile packages should be opened starting with the flap closest to the nurse.. Answer: c. The first small amount of sterile solution should be poured and discarded. ◉ The nursing assistant is learning how to use protective equipment when caring for a client in isolation. The nursing assistant is instructed in the correct sequence for putting on the protective equipment. Which of the following describes the correct sequence? Select one: a. Wash her hands, apply the mask and eyewear, put on the gown, and then apply gloves. b. Apply the mask and eyewear, put on the gown, wash her hands, and then apply gloves. c. Wash her hands, put on the gown, apply gloves, and then put on mask and eyewear. d. Put on the gown, apply the mask and eyewear, wash her hands, and then apply gloves.. Answer: a. Wash her hands, apply the mask and eyewear, put on the gown, and then apply gloves.
◉ The nurse is aware that it is important to break the chain of infection. Which of the following is an example of a nursing intervention implemented to reduce a reservoir of infection for a client? Select one: a. Covering the mouth and nose when sneezing b. Wearing disposable gloves c. Isolating the client's articles d. Changing soiled dressings. Answer: d. Changing soiled dressings ◉ During the neurological component of the physical examination, the nurse tests the function of the client's cranial nerves. In testing cranial nerve III, the nurse determines the client's ability to do which one of the following? Select one: a. Smile and frown b. Read printed material c. Identify sweet and sour tastes d. React to light with changes in pupil size. Answer: d. React to light with changes in pupil size
◉ Which of the following is an unexpected value that the nurse, in reviewing the results of the client's blood work, should report to the physician? Select one: a. Calcium, 1.9 mmol/L b. Sodium, 140 mmol/L c. Potassium, 3.5 mmol/L d. Magnesium, 1.8 mmol/L. Answer: a. Calcium, 1.9 mmol/L ◉ A client has intravenous (IV) therapy for the administration of antibiotics and is stating that the IV site "hurts and is swollen." Which of the following information assessed on the client indicates the presence of phlebitis, as opposed to infiltration? Select one: a. Intensity of the pain b. Warmth of integument surrounding the IV site c. Amount of subcutaneous edema d. Skin discoloration of a bruised nature. Answer: b. Warmth of integument surrounding the IV site
◉ Which of the following is the most common electrolyte imbalance? Select one: a. Hypokalemia b. Hyperkalemia c. Hyponatremia d. Hypernatremia. Answer: a. Hypokalemia ◉ The nurse will be starting a new intravenous (IV) infusion and needs to select the site for the insertion. In selecting a site, the nurse should do which of the following? Select one: a. Start with the most distal site. b. Look for hard, cord-like veins. c. Use the dominant arm. d. Vigorously rub and tap the chosen vein.. Answer: a. Start with the most distal site.
◉ Upon entering the client's room, the nurse discovers that the client is experiencing acute pain. Which of the following is an expected assessment finding for this client? Select one: a. Bradycardia b. Bradypnea c. Diaphoresis d. Decreased muscle tension. Answer: c. Diaphoresis ◉ A terminally ill client with liver cancer is experiencing great discomfort. Which of the following is a realistic goal in caring for this client? Select one: a. Increasingly administer narcotics to oversedate the client and thereby decrease the pain. b. Continue to change the analgesics until the right narcotic is found that completely alleviates the pain. c. Adapt the analgesics as the nursing assessment reveals changes in client condition and pain. d. Withhold analgesics as they are not being effective in relieving discomfort..
Answer: c. Adapt the analgesics as the nursing assessment reveals changes in client condition and pain. ◉ The nurse consults with the primary physician of a client who is experiencing continuous, severe pain. In planning for the client's treatment, the nurse is aware of the principles of pain management. Which of the following is it appropriate for the nurse to expect treatment to include? Select one: a. Focusing on intramuscular administration of analgesics b. Waiting for pain to become more intense before administering opioids c. Administering opioid with non-opioid analgesics for severe pain experiences d. Administering large doses of opioids initially to clients who have not taken the medications before. Answer: c. Administering opioid with non-opioid analgesics for severe pain experiences ◉ The nurse must frequently assess a client experiencing pain. When assessing the intensity of the pain, which of the following actions should the nurse take? Select one:
Select one: a. The client has control over the access to medication when he or she needs it. b. The client can choose the dosage of the drug received. c. The client may request the type of medication received. d. The client controls the route for administering the medication.. Answer: a. The client has control over the access to medication when he or she needs it. ◉ The unit manager is evaluating the care of a new nursing staff member. Which of the following techniques is appropriate for the nurse to implement to obtain a clean-voided urine specimen? Select one: a. Apply sterile gloves for the procedure. b. Restrict fluids before the specimen collection. c. Place the specimen in a clean urinalysis container. d. Collect the specimen after the initial stream of urine has passed.. Answer: d. Collect the specimen after the initial stream of urine has passed.
◉ In determining the client's urinary status, which of the following does the nurse anticipate the urinary output for an average adult should be? Select one: a. 800 to 1000 mL per day b. 1000 to 1200 mL per day c. 1500 to 1600 mL per day d. 2000 to 2300 mL per day. Answer: c. 1500 to 1600 mL per day ◉ A timed urine specimen collection is ordered. The test will need to be restarted if which one of the following occurs? Select one: a. The client voids in the toilet. b. The urine specimen is kept cold. c. The first voided urine is discarded. d. The preservative is placed in the collection container.. Answer: a. The client voids in the toilet. ◉ The client has an indwelling catheter. How should the nurse obtain a sterile urine specimen?
◉ A condom catheter is to be used for an adult male client in the extended care facility. Which of the following techniques is appropriate for the nurse to use in applying the condom catheter? Select one: a. Using sterile gloves b. Wrapping the adhesive tape securely around the base of the penis c. Leaving a 2.5- to 5-cm space between the tip of the penis and the end of the catheter d. Taping the tubing tightly to the thigh and attaching the drainage bag to the bed frame. Answer: c. Leaving a 2.5- to 5-cm space between the tip of the penis and the end of the catheter ◉ A client in the hospital has an indwelling urinary catheter, and the nurse is instructing the nursing student in the appropriate care to provide. Which one of the following does the nurse teach the student to do? Select one: a. Empty the drainage bag at least q8h. b. Cleanse up the length of the catheter to the perineum. c. Use sterile technique to obtain a specimen for culture and sensitivity.
d. Place the drainage bag on the client's lap while transporting the client to testing.. Answer: a. Empty the drainage bag at least q8h. ◉ An order is written for the client's indwelling urinary catheterization to be discontinued. While observing the new staff nurse providing care to this client and implementing the prescriber's order, the unit manager determines that further instruction about catheter removal is required for the new nurse if he or she does which one of the following? Select one: a. Drapes the female client between the thighs b. Obtains a specimen before removal c. Cuts the catheter to deflate the balloon d. Checks the client's output for 24 hours after removal. Answer: c. Cuts the catheter to deflate the balloon ◉ Which one of the following measures should be included in a bladder-retraining program for a client in an extended care facility? Select one: a. Providing negative reinforcement when the client is incontinent b. Having the client wear adult diapers as a preventive measure
b. Stool should be collected over a three-day period. c. The specimen should be kept warm. d. A 2.5-cm sample of formed stool is needed.. Answer: d. A 2.5-cm sample of formed stool is needed. ◉ The client is seen in the gastroenterology clinic after having experienced changes in his bowel elimination. A colonoscopy is ordered and the client has questions about the examination. What information should the nurse give the client before the colonoscopy? Select one: a. No special preparation is required. b. Light sedation is normally used. c. No metallic objects are allowed. d. Swallowing of an opaque liquid is required.. Answer: b. Light sedation is normally used. ◉ The nurse is concerned that the client's abdominal wound is at risk for dehiscence. Which of the following interventions is the best one to prevent this complication? Select one: a. Administering antibiotics to prevent infection
b. Using appropriate sterile technique when changing the dressing c. Keeping sterile towels and extra dressing supplies near the client's bed d. Placing a pillow over the incision site when the client is deep breathing or coughing. Answer: d. Placing a pillow over the incision site when the client is deep breathing or coughing ◉ On inspection of the client's wound, the nurse notes that it appears infected and has a large amount of exudate. Which of the following is an appropriate dressing for the nurse to select based on this wound assessment? Select one: a. Foam b. Hydrogel c. Hydrocolloid d. Transparent film. Answer: a. Foam ◉ When turning a client, the nurse notices a reddened area on the coccyx. Which of the following skin care interventions should the nurse use on this area?
