Exercise Programming Q&A: ACSM Guidelines, Exams of Public Health

A comprehensive question and answer format overview of exercise programming based on acsm (american college of sports medicine) guidelines. It covers key aspects such as physical activity recommendations for adults and children, resistance and flexibility training guidelines, energy expenditure recommendations, and the components of a comprehensive exercise plan. The document also addresses considerations for creating individualized exercise programs, data obtained from graded exercise tests, and various exercise modes like aerobics, cycling, and water aerobics, making it a valuable resource for understanding exercise prescription and its benefits for different populations.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 08/19/2025

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ACSM - Exercise Programming 1
– Q&A
What is the purpose of an exercise program? Ans - -
provides enhancement of physical fitness for activities of daily
life, recreation, or athletic endeavors
- helps in primary and secondary disease prevention
- provides enjoyment, stress management and psychological well-
being
What are the current CDC/ACSM physical activity
recommendations for adults? Ans - 1) 30+ mins
moderate-intensity exercise 5+ days/week
- moderate-intensity is any activity burning 3.5-7 cals/min, like
leisurely bicycling, walking briskly or push-mowing lawn
OR
2) 20+ mins vigorous-intensity exercise 3+ days/week
- vigorous intensity is any activity burning > 7 cals/min
How can greater health benefits be gained beyond following the
CDC/ACSM guidelines? Ans - - increase time spent or
intensity of activity
How much exercise should be done to not only reduce risk of
chronic disease but help with proper weight management? To
sustain weight-loss? Ans - - Weight management = 60
mins moderate-intensity activities most days
- Weight-loss = 60 - 90 mins moderate-intensity activities most
days
What are the CDC/ACSM physical activity recommendations for
children and adolescents? Ans - - 60+ mins moderate-
intensity physical activity most days of the week
- parents should set positive example by leading active lifestyle,
making activity fun, and limiting TV and video games to 2 h/day
What are the ACSM resistance-training recommendations for
adults? Ans - - 2-3 days/week, performing at least 8-10
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ACSM - Exercise Programming 1

– Q&A

What is the purpose of an exercise program? ✔Ans - - provides enhancement of physical fitness for activities of daily life, recreation, or athletic endeavors

  • helps in primary and secondary disease prevention
  • provides enjoyment, stress management and psychological well- being What are the current CDC/ACSM physical activity recommendations for adults? ✔Ans - 1) 30+ mins moderate-intensity exercise 5+ days/week
  • moderate-intensity is any activity burning 3.5-7 cals/min, like leisurely bicycling, walking briskly or push-mowing lawn OR
  1. 20+ mins vigorous-intensity exercise 3+ days/week
  • vigorous intensity is any activity burning > 7 cals/min How can greater health benefits be gained beyond following the CDC/ACSM guidelines? ✔Ans - - increase time spent or intensity of activity How much exercise should be done to not only reduce risk of chronic disease but help with proper weight management? To sustain weight-loss? ✔Ans - - Weight management = 60 mins moderate-intensity activities most days
  • Weight-loss = 60 - 90 mins moderate-intensity activities most days What are the CDC/ACSM physical activity recommendations for children and adolescents? ✔Ans - - 60+ mins moderate- intensity physical activity most days of the week
  • parents should set positive example by leading active lifestyle, making activity fun, and limiting TV and video games to 2 h/day What are the ACSM resistance-training recommendations for adults? ✔Ans - - 2-3 days/week, performing at least 8-

different exercises, 2-30 reps and 1-2 sets that train all major muscle groups What are the ACSM flexibility training guidelines for adults? ✔Ans - - stretching should precede warm-up

  • should be performed 2-3 days/week, ideally 5-7 days/week
  • stretching should be to point of tightness w/o pain, holding each stretch for 15-30 sec w/ 2-4 reps/stretch
  • may include static stretching, partner stretching, yoga, pilates, tai chi stretching all major muscle groups What is the ACSM recommendation for energy expenditure for adults? ✔Ans - - 150-400 cals/day
  • low range (1000/week) is associated w/ health benefits, esp in indvs w/ poor health or fitness
  • indvs should be encouraged to move towards upper end of range as fitness improves How many calories must be expended per week to see short-term and long term weight control? ✔Ans - - 2000+ cals/week
  • also helps w/ primary and secondary prevention of chronic disease What are the benefits of taking 10,000 steps/days? ✔Ans - - reduces risk of developing coronary heart disease What are the components of a comprehensive exercise plan? ✔Ans - 1) Warm-up
  1. CV endurance (aerobic) exercise stimulus
  2. Resistance exercise
  3. Cool-down
  4. Flexibility training What are the 5 essential components of the structure of an exercise program? ✔Ans - 1) Mode (type or kind of activity)
  5. Frequency (how often)
  6. Intensity (how hard)
  7. Duration (how long)
  8. Progression (how to change or advance exercise prescription
  • cycling
  • swimming
  • rowing
  • stair climbing
  • aerobic dancing
  • water exercise
  • in-line skating
  • snow-shoeing
  • cross-country skiing When does the potential for musculoskeletal injury increase? ✔Ans - - when excessive weight-bearing activity is performed
  • this activity may increase bone health What should the selection for exercise mode be based on? ✔Ans - - desired outcomes
  • focus on exercise most likely to sustain participation Describe the mode of stair climbing. ✔Ans - - necessary equipment commonly found in fitness centers
  • upright posture is important to avoid low back pain
  • weak quads and glutes may cause dependance on handrails, lowering intensity of exercise Describe the mode of aerobics ✔Ans - - often performed in group setting
  • intensity is controlled by music and mvmt patterns
  • HR may not be good indicator of intensity when vigorous arm mvmt is added to routine
  • RPE is good indicator of intensity Describe the difference b/t high and low impact aerobics ✔Ans - High: involves patterns where both feet leave floor simultaneously
  • requires significant energy expenditure
  • increases potential for musculoskeletal injury
  • appropriate for fit indv and not for overweight indv Low: involves mvmt where one foot always remains on floor
  • low impact forces have low risk of musculoskeletal injury
  • appropriate for beginners and overweight indvs that are injury- free
  • can increase intensity by using greater horizontal displacement during mvmt Describe the mode of step-aerobics. ✔Ans - - involves choreographed mvmts patterns performed on and off bench steps varying in height from 4-12"
  • Energy cost from 6-11 METS
  • cadence should be reduced for less fit indvs (<8 METS) Describe the mode of water aerobics. ✔Ans - -allows buoyancy of water to reduce weight-bearing load, decreasing risk of injury
  • allows indvs w/ injuries to exercise during rehab
  • can alter intensity by changing speed of mvmt, depth of water or using resistance devices
  • involves walking, dancing, jogging
  • provides resistance and aerobic stimulus
  • beneficial for obese, pregnant, arthritic or elderly Describe the mode of cycling. ✔Ans - -non weight-bearing w/ low risk of injury
  • cycle ergometer can by used for exercise testing and training workload
  • limiting factors are local muscle fatigue of upper leg and expense of good equipment