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Introduction to Object-Oriented Analysis and Design using UML: Activity Sheet Sessions 1-3, Exams of Information Systems

Charles Darwin University (CDU)Information Systems

An activity sheet for sessions 1-3 on Object-Oriented Analysis and Design using UML. It covers the main characteristics of the database approach, differences between Object-Oriented Analysis and Design, the four stages of Object-Oriented Analysis and Design using UML, use case diagrams, domain model diagrams, sequence diagrams, and class diagrams. questions and activities related to each topic.

Typology: Exams

2020/2021

Uploaded on 04/02/2021

jungkooker
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Activity Sheet Session 1: Introduction to OOAD and
UML
Activity 2
Question 1:
The main characteristics of the database approach while contrasting them with the file-based
approach can be explained in the following points:
1. Self-describing nature of a database system
The database system includes not only the database but also a full characterization or
annotation of the database architecture and limitations, which is one of the key features
of the database approach. This characterization is saved in the DBMS catalogue, which
includes details about each file's layout, the nature and storing style of every data
element, and different data restrictions.
Data interpretation is usually portion of the application programming themselves in a
file-based approach. As a result, these programs are limited to working with a single
database, whose layout is specified in the application programming.
2. Insulation between programs and data, and data abstraction
The catalogue stores the comprehensive layout and arrangement of every file in the
database approach. The DBMS collects the specifics of file retention from the catalogue
when the DBMS file access components require them. Database users and application
programming relate to the comprehensive explanation of the files, and the DBMS users
and application programming relate to the comprehensive explanation of the files. To
offer this data representation to database users, a variety of data models can be
utilized.
Because the layout of data structures is encoded in application programming in a file-
based approach, any modifications to the layout of a file may necessitate modifications
to all functions that use that file. In most instances, however, DBMS access programs do
not necessitate such modifications. The arrangement of data files is kept distinct from
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Activity Sheet Session 1: Introduction to OOAD and

UML

Activity 2

Question 1: The main characteristics of the database approach while contrasting them with the file-based approach can be explained in the following points:

  1. Self-describing nature of a database system The database system includes not only the database but also a full characterization or annotation of the database architecture and limitations, which is one of the key features of the database approach. This characterization is saved in the DBMS catalogue, which includes details about each file's layout, the nature and storing style of every data element, and different data restrictions. Data interpretation is usually portion of the application programming themselves in a file-based approach. As a result, these programs are limited to working with a single database, whose layout is specified in the application programming.
  2. Insulation between programs and data, and data abstraction The catalogue stores the comprehensive layout and arrangement of every file in the database approach. The DBMS collects the specifics of file retention from the catalogue when the DBMS file access components require them. Database users and application programming relate to the comprehensive explanation of the files, and the DBMS users and application programming relate to the comprehensive explanation of the files. To offer this data representation to database users, a variety of data models can be utilized. Because the layout of data structures is encoded in application programming in a file- based approach, any modifications to the layout of a file may necessitate modifications to all functions that use that file. In most instances, however, DBMS access programs do not necessitate such modifications. The arrangement of data files is kept distinct from

the access programs in the DBMS catalogue. This attribute is known as program-data independence.

  1. Support of multiple views of the data A database usually has a large number of users, each of which may need a unique perspective of the database. In database approach, perspective may be a subsection of the database or virtual data obtained from the database files but not specifically retained. Before the development of database approach, users could not figure out if the data they're referring to was preserved or obtained with the help of the file-based approach. A multiuser DBMS with a variety of different applications must have the ability to define various viewpoints.
  2. Sharing of data and multiuser transaction processing As the title indicates, in database approach, a multiuser database management system (DBMS) would allow different people to enter the database at the exact moment. If information from different programs is to be unified and stored in a single database, this is a must. Concurrency management programs must be included in the DBMS to guarantee that multiple users updating the very same information do so in a measured way, resulting in accurate updating. While in a file-based approach, implementing method or procedure that requires one or more database entries, like composing or changing database details, is not available. If performed in its whole without meddling from other transactions, each transaction is expected to perform a factually sound database connection. 1 (^1) https://padakuu.com/article/237-characteristics-of-the-database-approach

Question 3: The four stages of OOAD done using UML are:-

  1. Abstraction
  2. Encapsulation
  1. Inheritance
  2. Polymorphism Question 4 Any three advantages of using unified process in developing a software are:-
  3. Because high-risk activities are done first, it's simpler to keep track of the risks.
  4. Issues and risks identified in a single iteration can be avoided in subsequent sprints. 3 (^3) https://askinglot.com/what-are-the-advantages-of-unified-process-in-software-engineering

Question 3: Use-case diagram

Activity 2

Question 1: Domain Model Diagram The domain model is a diagram of the program's fundamental entities and their interactions. Its system agnostic (it's not written in any particular programming language), and attributes don't have data types. The specifications of the user are taken into account when constructing a domain model. From this diagram, we can later easily define the vital entities and their relationships. These entities are represented in the model as classes. 4 (^4) https://www.ict.social/software-design/uml/uml-domain-model

Activity 2

Class Diagram A fixed diagram is a class diagram. It symbolizes a software's pictorial structure. A class diagram is utilized not only for visualizing, presenting, and validating various components of the system, but also for creating program file for a software program. A class diagram depicts a class's properties and methods, as well as the system's restrictions. Since class diagrams are the only UML diagrams that can be immediately plotted with object-oriented languages, they are broadly utilized in the modelling of object-oriented systems. 6 (^6) https://www.tutorialspoint.com/uml/uml_class_diagram.htm