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NUR 351 (gero) Exam 1 questions with
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Ageism - correct answer ✔✔Process of systematic stereotyping of and discrimination against people because they are old. Examples of Ageism - correct answer ✔✔-uneasiness around older adults -treat of depleted resources -unattractive -useless -powerless -loss of vitality Chronological age - correct answer ✔✔time since birth. Biological age - correct answer ✔✔the functional capacity of tissues Characteristics of biological age - correct answer ✔✔-difficult to measure -no available biomarkers -causes normal changes with aging -increases risk for age-related disease What age is considered old? - correct answer ✔✔65. Based on health policy and you are eligible for retirement. What ages are considered "young-old"? - correct answer ✔✔65 - What ages are considered "middle-old"? - correct answer ✔✔75 - 84
What ages are considered "old-old"? - correct answer ✔✔85+ Centenarians vs Super-centenarians - correct answer ✔✔100+ vs. 110+ What are the requirements for certification of a Gerontological nurse? - correct answer ✔✔-RN licence -core competencies -board-certified through ANCC (RN-BC) - continuing education, certification exam. What are the roles of a Gerontological nurse? - correct answer ✔✔-Staff nurse -Charge nurse -Clinical nurse educator -Nursing administration Where to Gerontological nurses work? - correct answer ✔✔-Hospitals, long-term acute care hospital, home health care, community health agencies, hospice agencies, medical clinics, long-term care facilities (assisted living, nursing home), inpatient rehab centers, rehab hospitals. Requirements of Gerontological APN's - correct answer ✔✔-RN license -Master/DNP -Certification (varies by state) What are the role for a Nurse practitioner? - correct answer ✔✔Order diagnostic tests, diagnose diseases, prescribe meds and therapies, perform invasive procedures, serve as primary care provider. Direct care. What are the roles for a Clinical nurse specialist? - correct answer ✔✔Monitor nursing care quality, staff education/membership, policy development, provide specialized care, and serve as expert nurse. Indirect care.
Counter-migration - correct answer ✔✔tendency for older adults to move back to their home state after migrating to a sunbelt state. Top 5 causes of death in older adults - correct answer ✔✔-Heart disease
- Lung cancer -Breast cancer (women) -Prostate cancer (men) -Cerebrovascular disease Medicare - correct answer ✔✔must be 65+, does NOT pay for nursing home care. 4 parts. Medicare Part A - correct answer ✔✔covers hospital services Medicare Part B - correct answer ✔✔covers outpatient services; reimbursement providers. physicians, dentist, eye doctors, OTs. Medicare Part C - correct answer ✔✔OPTIONAL: Medicare advantage, provides additional coverage. More freedom. Medicare Part D - correct answer ✔✔OPTIONAL: covers prescription drugs Medicaid - correct answer ✔✔Run by state governments, must be living in poverty (low income), pays for intermediate and skilled nursing care. Standard of Care - correct answer ✔✔expectations for a competent nurse to provide safe and prudent care. Purpose of SOC? - correct answer ✔✔used to evaluate whether care was delivered appropriately. Promote health and well being in all populations, preserve humanity in the face of illness, injury, or death.
Consequences of not following SOC? - correct answer ✔✔patient suffering, injury, or death. lawsuit for malpractice, lawsuit of negligence, loss of job, loss of RN license. Dependent adult - correct answer ✔✔person over 18 years of age who depends upon someone to meet personal needs. Maltreatment - correct answer ✔✔pattern of neglect, abuse, or exploitation resulting in physical or psychological harm. Categories of maltreatment - correct answer ✔✔-physical abuse, -sexual abuse, -emotional abuse, -financial abuse, -neglect, -abandonment, -self-neglect. Risk factors for engaging in maltreatment - correct answer ✔✔worsening functional status, caregiver with poor coping or emotional instability- drug abuse or alcoholism, history of abusing others, history of being abused, burnout, mental illness, no education about caregiving, communication, or maltreatment, and minimal social support. Signs and Symptoms of physical and sexual abuse - correct answer ✔✔-Suspicious bruises, wounds, or fractures -Reports of being hit or abused/ neglected -Sudden change in behavior around abuser -Perineal bruising or vaginal bleeding -Self-soothing behaviors (rocking, repetitive vocalization) Signs and symptoms of neglect - correct answer ✔✔-unsanitary living conditions
Provision of service requirements includes? - correct answer ✔✔resident assessment (bed sores, functional assessment), pre-admission and annual screenings (TB, mersa), maintenance of nurse staffing levels, nurse aide training programs, social worker services, ensuring resident rights Failure to CoP standards - correct answer ✔✔-monetary fine -suspension of facility license until standards are met -revocation of facility license Barthel Index - correct answer ✔✔Measurement of a person's independence, includes being able to go up and down stairs. -Higher the score-more independent. Categories in the Barthel Index - correct answer ✔✔-Feeding (cutting) -Moving from wheelchair to bed and return (sitting up in bed), -personal toilet (wash face, comb hair, shave, clean teeth), -getting on and off toilet (handling clothes, wipe, flush), -bathing self, walking on level surface (or if unable to walk, propel wheelchair), -ascend and descend stairs, -dressing (tying shoes, fastening fasteners), -controlling bowels, -controlling bladder Timed Get-Up and Go Test - correct answer ✔✔assess mobility and balance. start sitting, walk 10 feet and turn around and sit back down. -Time >12sec = high fall risk. Predictors of poor mobility are? - correct answer ✔✔falls, nursing home placement, social withdrawal/isolation, immobility.
What questions are asked for a functional assessment? - correct answer ✔✔standardized assessment tool. focus on "do you.." NOT "can you.." Purpose of a Functional assessment - correct answer ✔✔To determine if patient is able to carry out ADLs and IADLs; to achieve desired quality of life. Parameters of the functional assessment? - correct answer ✔✔physical activity: balance, coordition, strength, flexibility, and endurance. Depression: characteristics - correct answer ✔✔Cognitive block, chronic disease course, pseudodementia. Depression: management - correct answer ✔✔-antidepressants* -counseling* -supportive care Delirium: characteristics - correct answer ✔✔sudden cognitive loss, rapid onset. Occurs months to years; can change overnight. EX. hypoactive, hyperactive, and mixed Delirium: management - correct answer ✔✔-treat underlying care -safety -supportive care Dementia: characteristics - correct answer ✔✔steady cognitive decline, prolonged course. Occurs over years and years. Ex. Alzheimer's disease, vascular, Lewy body disease. Confusion Assessment Method - correct answer ✔✔Used to assess delirium.
