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AIR LAW BASIC READING NOTES PRACTICE
PAPER 2026 COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
โ Markings for a closed runwy. Answer: large white or yellow X on both ends โ other signs a runway is closed. Answer: cones red flags wind socks removed red markers โ Horizontal wind flag. Answer: 15+ kts โ wind sock 5 degrees below horizontal. Answer: 10 kts โ wind sock 30 degrees below horizontal. Answer: 6- kts โ what's another trick to read a wind sock?. Answer: each stripe represents 3 kts of wind โ when is a wind sock required at both ends of a runway?. Answer: when it is greater than 4,000' long (1,200m)
โ which wind sock should you read. Answer: the one near your touchdown area โ how far away should Aerodrome lights be visible?. Answer: 2 miles in all directions โ what color are runway lights?. Answer: white (on sidelines), red (at end of runway), green (for threshold) โ Displaced threshold light colour. Answer: red โ Taxiway lights are what color?. Answer: blue โ ARCAL. Answer: Aircraft Radio Control of Aerodrome Lighting โ Type J ARCAL. Answer: click mic 5 times, lights are on a 15 minute timer โ type K ARCAL. Answer: click mic 7 times then .... 7 times to max lights 5 to medium 3 to low
โ COMM. Answer: frequency and type โ Aerodrome Courtesy and Practices. Answer: don't be a jerk, use common sense don't leave unlit planes on the maneuvering area don't move markers don't shine lights don't use weapons (duh) don't paint stuff โ aerodrome fire prevention rules. Answer: no smoking or open flames basically anywhere on an airport unless done safely in a reasonable place or amount โ CRFI. Answer: Canadian Runway Friction Index, way to test the runway surface. โ Where can you find runway conditions. Answer: NOTAMs, or by calling the operator โ What pilot documents are required to operate an aircraft?. Answer: the correct license, ratings and the right medical certificate
โ Can you fly foreign aircraft with a TC license?. Answer: depends on the foreign state. In the US a conversion is required but follow the rules of the foreign country โ How to get re-current after five years. Answer: within a year of flying again, do a PSTAR, and have done a flight review โ 24 months recency. Answer: (doesn't matter how often we fly) Must do one of the following
- flight review
- rating
- TC exam
- safety seminar
- earn a license
- other program โ Currency to carry passengers. Answer: Done 5 TO & L in the past six months in that class and category โ Currency to carry passengers at night. Answer: Done 5 TO & L in the past six months in that class and category AT NIGHT
โ ATPL Privileges. Answer: - PPL & CPL
- w/ group 1 IFR: PIC of crew of two
- w/out IFT still have CPL โ What is a second officer rating?. Answer: CPL or ATPL endorsement May be a SO in an aircraft where it is required may also be a flight engineer may SO for air training of competency โ An expired Class 1 may still be used for. Answer: PPL โ when is an ECG required. Answer: at first class 1 medical, at age 55 age 30-40: within last 24 months age 40+: within last 12 months โ when does the validity period of the medical begin?. Answer: the first day of the following month โ CPL medical validity under 40. Answer: 12 months
โ CPL medical validity over 40. Answer: 12 months โ ATPL under 40 validity. Answer: 12 months โ ATPL validity over 40. Answer: 12 months unless: over 60, flying single engine commercial with passengers โ When are you unable to use your medical certificate privileges. Answer: when ill, injures or disabled taking drugs or receiving treatment after the 30th week of pregnancy - 6 weeks after giving birth โ what medical is required for CPL and ATPL?. Answer: Class 1 โ a Flight Training Operations Certificate is required for flight training except when. Answer: With a air operation certificate, and not training for PPL, CPL, RPP, IFR or CFI โ Control Zone Definition. Answer: Center column of airspace that touches the surface. โ Control Zone standart heignt. Answer: 3,000'
โ Class B location. Answer: all controlled airspace above 12,500' ASL (or at and above MEA) to 18,000' not a whole layer like class A Dark blue on VNC โ Class C Location. Answer: Around designated busy airports usually has a control zone โ Class C requirements. Answer: CLEARANCE IFR: traffic separation provided VFR: separation only upon request 2 - way radio mode C transponder โ Class C can become..... Answer: Class E when tower not in operation โ Class D can be found. Answer: around designated airports โ Class D typical control zone. Answer: to 3,000'
โ CZ "D" 3000 (2700). Answer: Class D control Zone. Surface to 3,000' ASL and 2,700' AGL โ Class D requirements. Answer: establish 2-way communication with ATC ATC must respond with you callsign typically no transponder is required (check CFS and charts) โ Class E Requirements. Answer: None for VFR, unless it is a Control Zone meet controlled airspace VFR requirements, IFR need clearance โ Class E Airspace Includes. Answer: Class E control zones LL airways control extensions CZs without tower transition areas โ Procedures for entering a Class E control zone. Answer: VFR must follow the mandatory frequency procedures. must get a traffic advisory from FSS at least 5 min prior to entering '_____ radio" is how you'll phrase this
โ Advisory M. Answer: Military โ Advisory F. Answer: Flight Testing โ Class G definition. Answer: uncontrolled airspace no restrictions 99% of all airspace in Canada Lo chart: green everywhere that isn't defined as another type โ Class G frequency. Answer: 126. โ Which classes are transponder airspace. Answer: All A, B and C some D and E All class E 10,000' - 12,000' ASL within radar coverage โ Define Controlled airspace. Answer: airspace where ATC is provided for all or some aircraft where IFR are required a clearance
โ Control Area Extension. Answer: extra controlled airspace around airports. The second later out from the control zone. Usually 2, AGL- 18,000' and 60 nm radius โ VFR wx mins Control zone VFR. Answer: 3 sm vis, 1 sm horizontal, 500' below โ VFR wx mins controlled airspace other than control zone. Answer: 3 sm vis, 500' below, 1 sm horizontal โ CZ SVFR wx mins. Answer: 1 sm vis, Clear of Clouds โ VFR wx mins uncontrolled above 1,000' day. Answer: 1 sm vis, 2,000' horizontal , 500' below โ VFR wx mins uncontrolled above 1,000' night. Answer: 3 sm vis, 2,000' horizontal, 500' below โ VFR wx mins uncontrolled below 1,000' day. Answer: clear of clouds, 2 sm vis โ VFR wx mins uncontrolled below 1,000' night. Answer: clear of clouds, 3 sm vis
โ 601.20 Bright lights. Answer: don't shine a laser or bright light at aircraft or in the sky without written consent from TC also, PICs, don't fly into a bright light โ 602.01 don't operate an aircraft in a way. Answer: to endanger persons or property โ minimum time from drinking to flying. Answer: 12 hours โ pilot's minimum alcohol level. Answer: NONE โ recommended time from drinking alcohol to flying. Answer: 24 hours โ alcohol is a bad combination for flying because. Answer: hypoxia exaggerated the effects. at 5,000' the effects double. Balance is the last thing to recover โ drugs rule. Answer: don't fly while using any drug that impairs yourself in any way โ who may give a passenger alcohol while on board. Answer: only the operator of the aircraft (flight attendant, pilot, or given ahead of time)
โ basic passenger and alcohol rule. Answer: don't create a hazard. anyone that is intoxicated may be refused boarding โ weird passenger and alcohol rule. Answer: an intoxicated passenger may be allowed on board with an attendant โ chain of command on board an aircraft. Answer: PIC --> Crew --> passengers passengers listen to crew, crew listens to PIC โ when is smoking not allowed on an aircraft?. Answer: during TO/L on commercial flights in the lavatory whenever the PIC says โ 602.07 what are Aircraft Operating Limitation. Answer: limits found in the POH or placards of an aircraft. they MUST be followed โ 602.08 Portable Electronic Devices rules. Answer: don't create a hazard. must have permission of the operator
โ list the critical control surfaces. Answer: wings, control surfaces, propellers and rotors, stabilizers, sometimes the top of the fuselage โ when is flying low over a built up area permitted. Answer: when approaching to take off or land โ minimum altitude when flying over a built up area. Answer: - at which it is possible to glide to a safe landing area
- 1,000' above the highest obstacle within a radius of 2,000' (1/ mile) โ minimum altitude in a non built up are. Answer: 500' from any person, vehicle, or structure โ minimum altitude in a national park area. Answer: 2,000' AGL โ exemptions from minimum altitude rules. Answer: police operations, rescue and emergency, flight inspections and aerial application โ Right of way rules are based mostly on. Answer: maneuverability โ converging aircraft right of way. Answer: aircraft that has the other on the right shall give way
โ who has ultimate right of way?. Answer: emergency! aircraft in distress โ when you give way to another aircraft, don't cross.... Answer: over, under, or in front of the other craft โ when two aircraft approach head on..... Answer: each alters course to the right โ when two aircraft are passing each other. Answer: the aircraft being passed has right of way โ when passing another aircraft, pass on the. Answer: right โ when two aircraft are on approach to land.... Answer: the lower aircraft has right of way โ who has right of way when one aircraft is on the ground and the other in the air. Answer: the one in the air โ rules for right of way when on the water (float planes). Answer: follow boating laws
