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ALBERTA SMART CONTRACT DEVELOPER EXAM
QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS (VERIFIED
ANSWERS) PLUS RATIONALE 2026 Q&A|INSTANT
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1. What is a smart contract? A. Central database B. Self-executing code on blockchain C. API service D. Mobile app Answer: B A smart contract automatically executes rules when conditions are met. 2. What language is mainly used for Ethereum smart contracts? A. Python B. Java C. Solidity D. C++ Answer: C Solidity is the primary language for Ethereum development. 3. What is Ethereum? A. Wallet B. Smart contract platform C. Mining hardware D. Database Answer: B Ethereum is a decentralized platform for smart contracts.
4. What is gas in smart contracts? A. Storage B. Execution fee C. Token D. Node Answer: B Gas is the cost to execute operations on Ethereum. 5. What is gas limit? A. Minimum fee B. Maximum gas allowed C. Token supply D. Block size Answer: B Limits how much computation a transaction can use. 6. What is a function in Solidity? A. Variable B. Executable code block C. Database D. Node Answer: B Defines behavior inside a smart contract. 7. What is a state variable? A. Temporary value B. Stored blockchain data C. API call D. Event Answer: B Stored permanently on blockchain.
Answer: B Adds logic like access control.
12. What is msg.sender? A. Contract owner B. Caller address C. Token D. Block hash Answer: B Represents function caller. 13. What is msg.value? A. Gas fee B. Ether sent with transaction C. Token supply D. Block size Answer: B Amount of ETH sent. 14. What is require() used for? A. Looping B. Validation C. Mining D. Deployment Answer: B Ensures conditions are met. 15. What is revert()? A. Continue execution B. Undo transaction
C. Deploy contract D. Store data Answer: B Reverts all changes if error occurs.
16. What is mapping in Solidity? A. Array B. Key-value store C. Loop D. Event Answer: B Stores data like a hash table. 17. What is an array? A. Key-value store B. Ordered list C. Wallet D. Contract Answer: B Stores multiple values in order. 18. What is struct? A. Function B. Custom data type C. Token D. Event Answer: B Groups related variables. 19. What is event in Solidity?
23. What is abstract contract? A. Deployable contract B. Incomplete contract C. Token D. Event Answer: B Cannot be deployed directly. 24. What is fallback function? A. Main function B. Default function C. Constructor D. Modifier Answer: B Runs when no function matches. 25. What is receive function? A. Token sender B. ETH receiver C. Event D. Storage Answer: B Handles plain ETH transfers. 26. What is reentrancy attack? A. Loop bug B. Recursive contract exploit C. Gas issue D. Storage error Answer: B Attacker repeatedly calls function before state update.
27. What is safe pattern to prevent reentrancy? A. External calls first B. Checks-effects-interactions C. Infinite loops D. No validation Answer: B Prevents external re-entry issues. 28. What is overflow in Solidity? A. Gas error B. Number exceeding limit C. Wallet issue D. Node failure Answer: B Value exceeds max storage size. 29. What is SafeMath? A. Wallet tool B. Overflow prevention library C. Mining tool D. Event system Answer: B Prevents arithmetic errors. 30. What is upgradeable contract? A. Fixed code B. Changeable logic C. Wallet D. Node
C. CPU cache D. RAM Answer: B Data stored permanently.
35. What is memory in Solidity? A. Permanent storage B. Temporary data C. Blockchain D. Token Answer: B Used during function execution. 36. What is calldata? A. Storage B. Read-only input data C. Event D. Token Answer: B Efficient function input storage. 37. What is ERC-20? A. NFT standard B. Fungible token standard C. Wallet D. Node Answer: B Standard for interchangeable tokens. 38. What is ERC-721?
A. Fungible token B. NFT standard C. Mining system D. Event Answer: B Used for unique digital assets.
39. What is ERC-1155? A. Single token B. Multi-token standard C. Wallet D. Node Answer: B Supports both NFTs and fungible tokens. 40. What is minting? A. Burning tokens B. Creating new tokens C. Sending ETH D. Mining block Answer: B Creates new digital assets. 41. What is burning? A. Creating tokens B. Destroying tokens C. Sending ETH D. Staking Answer: B Removes tokens from circulation.
46. What is yield farming? A. Mining B. Earning DeFi rewards C. Wallet creation D. Gas fee Answer: B Maximizing returns in DeFi. 47. What is oracle? A. Wallet B. External data provider C. Token D. Node Answer: B Bridges real-world data to blockchain. 48. What is Chainlink used for? A. Mining B. Oracles C. Storage D. Wallet Answer: B Provides decentralized data feeds. 49. What is smart contract audit? A. Mining B. Security review C. Token creation D. Node sync
Answer: B Finds vulnerabilities in code.
50. What is main risk in smart contracts? A. Speed B. Bugs and exploits C. Storage D. Gas limit Answer: B Code vulnerabilities can lead to loss of funds. 51. What is contract upgradeability in Solidity? A. Freezing code B. Changing logic after deployment C. Mining D. Token burning Answer: B Allows modifying logic without changing contract address. 52. What is a proxy pattern? A. Wallet system B. Delegation of logic to another contract C. Mining method D. Token type Answer: B Separates storage and logic for upgrades. 53. What is delegatecall risk? A. Gas fee increase B. Storage collision and hijacking C. Faster execution D. Token minting
C. Gas optimization D. Storage system Answer: B Can be exploited for impersonation attacks.
58. What is front-running attack? A. Mining delay B. Transaction ordering exploit C. Token burn D. Wallet creation Answer: B Attackers exploit pending transactions. 59. What is MEV in DeFi? A. Mining efficiency B. Profit from transaction ordering C. Gas reduction D. Token supply Answer: B Validators extract extra profit. 60. What is sandwich attack? A. Storage bug B. Front-running + back-running trade exploit C. Wallet hack D. Node failure Answer: B Manipulates token price around user trade. 61. What is flash loan?
A. Long-term loan B. Instant uncollateralized loan C. Wallet transfer D. Mining reward Answer: B Must be repaid in same transaction.
62. What is flash loan attack? A. Gas attack B. Market manipulation using borrowed funds C. Token minting D. Node sync Answer: B Exploits DeFi protocols. 63. What is oracle manipulation? A. Safe data feed B. Feeding false external data C. Gas optimization D. Wallet sync Answer: B Breaks smart contract logic. 64. What is price oracle? A. Wallet B. External price feed C. Token D. Node Answer: B Provides asset pricing data.
69. What is impermanent loss? A. Gas loss B. Value loss in liquidity pools C. Token burn D. Wallet hack Answer: B Occurs when token price changes. 70. What is staking contract? A. Mining rig B. Locking tokens for rewards C. Wallet D. Node Answer: B Users earn passive income. 71. What is yield farming? A. Gas optimization B. Earning rewards across protocols C. Token burning D. Node syncing Answer: B Maximizing DeFi returns. 72. What is governance token? A. Utility token B. Voting rights token C. Gas token D. Stablecoin
Answer: B Used for protocol voting.
73. What is DAO? A. Central server B. Decentralized organization C. Wallet D. Mining pool Answer: B Smart contract governed organization. 74. What is multi-sig wallet? A. Single key wallet B. Multiple approval wallet C. Mining system D. Token contract Answer: B Requires multiple signatures. 75. What is timelock contract? A. Instant execution B. Delayed execution contract C. Wallet D. Node Answer: B Adds delay before execution. 76. What is access control in Solidity? A. Gas system B. Permission management
