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ALBERTA SOFTWARE DEVELOPER EXAM QUESTION AND
CORRECT ANSWER (VERIFIED ANSWERS) PLUS
RATIONALE 2026 Q&A|INSTANT DOWNLOAD PDF
1 โ 10: Programming Fundamentals
1. A variable is used to: A. Store data B. Delete files C. Run servers D. Encrypt code Answer: A Rationale: Variables store values in memory. 2. A loop is used to: A. Stop program B. Repeat code execution C. Encrypt data D. Compile code Answer: B Rationale: Loops execute code multiple times. 3. Which is a programming language? A. HTML B. Python C. CSS D. DNS Answer: B Rationale: Python is a general-purpose language. 4. Compiler is used to: A. Run internet B. Convert code to machine language
C. Store files D. Delete bugs Answer: B Rationale: Translates source code into executable code.
5. Interpreter executes code: A. Line by line B. After full compilation C. Randomly D. Never Answer: A Rationale: Interprets code step-by-step. 6. Syntax error means: A. Logical mistake B. Code structure mistake C. Hardware failure D. Network issue Answer: B Rationale: Incorrect grammar in code. 7. Debugging means: A. Writing code B. Finding and fixing errors C. Compiling code D. Deploying system Answer: B Rationale: Identifies and fixes bugs. 8. IDE stands for: A. Internet Data Engine B. Integrated Development Environment C. Internal Debugging Engine D. Input Data Executor
Answer: A Rationale: Sequential node structure.
13. Stack follows: A. FIFO B. LIFO C. Random order D. Sorting order Answer: B Rationale: Last In First Out. 14. Queue follows: A. LIFO B. FIFO C. Random D. Sorted Answer: B Rationale: First In First Out. 15. Binary tree has: A. One child B. Two children max C. Infinite children D. No nodes Answer: B Rationale: Each node has โค2 children. 16. Hash table is used for: A. Sorting B. Fast data lookup C. Looping D. UI design Answer: B Rationale: Provides quick key-value access.
17. Big O notation measures: A. Code size B. Algorithm efficiency C. File size D. Network speed Answer: B Rationale: Describes time complexity. 18. O(1) complexity means: A. Slow performance B. Constant time C. Infinite loop D. Sorting Answer: B Rationale: Execution time is constant. 19. O(n) means: A. Constant time B. Linear time C. Logarithmic D. Random Answer: B Rationale: Performance grows with input size. 20. Recursion is: A. Loop replacement B. Function calling itself C. Database query D. Compiler process Answer: B Rationale: Self-referencing function. 21 โ 30: OOP (Object-Oriented Programming)
B. Code reuse C. Compilation D. Networking Answer: B Rationale: Child classes reuse parent properties.
26. Polymorphism means: A. One function many forms B. One class only C. No inheritance D. Static code Answer: A Rationale: Same method behaves differently. 27. Abstraction hides: A. Hardware B. Implementation details C. Data types D. Memory Answer: B Rationale: Shows only necessary details. 28. Constructor is used to: A. Delete object B. Initialize object C. Compile code D. Run loops Answer: B Rationale: Sets initial values. 29. Destructor is used to: A. Create object B. Destroy object C. Compile program
D. Loop code Answer: B Rationale: Frees memory.
30. Method is: A. Variable B. Function inside class C. Database D. File Answer: B Rationale: Defines behavior of objects. **31 โ 40: Databases
- SQL is used for:** A. Networking B. Database queries C. UI design D. Encryption Answer: B Rationale: Manages relational databases. 32. Primary key is: A. Duplicate value B. Unique identifier C. Foreign link D. Index file Answer: B Rationale: Uniquely identifies records. 33. Foreign key links: A. Files B. Tables C. Networks D. APIs
38. Index improves: A. Storage B. Query speed C. Security D. Compilation Answer: B Rationale: Speeds up data retrieval. 39. Transaction ensures: A. Partial execution B. Data consistency C. Data loss D. Slow processing Answer: B Rationale: Maintains integrity. 40. ACID stands for: A. Automation Control B. Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability C. Access Control ID D. Application Code Interface Answer: B Rationale: Database transaction properties. **41 โ 50: APIs & Web Development
- API stands for:** A. Application Program Interface B. Automated Process Integration C. Application Process Input D. Active Programming Interface Answer: A Rationale: API allows software systems to communicate.
42. REST API uses: A. FTP protocol B. HTTP methods C. Bluetooth D. SQL only Answer: B Rationale: REST relies on HTTP operations. 43. JSON is used for: A. Styling webpages B. Data exchange C. Hardware control D. Compilation Answer: B Rationale: Lightweight data format. 44. XML is: A. Programming language B. Markup language C. Database D. Compiler Answer: B Rationale: Structured data format. 45. HTTP is used for: A. File compression B. Web communication C. Storage D. Encryption Answer: B Rationale: Transfers data on the web. 46. HTTPS adds: A. Speed
D. Network protocol Answer: B Rationale: Provides reusable code structure. 51 โ 60: Software Engineering
51. Library is: A. Full application B. Reusable code collection C. Operating system D. Compiler Answer: B Rationale: Prewritten functions. 52. Git is used for: A. UI design B. Version control C. Encryption D. Testing Answer: B Rationale: Tracks code changes. 53. Commit means: A. Delete code B. Save changes in Git C. Compile code D. Run program Answer: B Rationale: Records snapshot of code. 54. Push means: A. Delete repository B. Upload code to remote repo C. Compile program D. Run tests
Answer: B Rationale: Sends local changes to remote.
55. Pull means: A. Delete files B. Get latest updates from repo C. Compile code D. Encrypt data Answer: B Rationale: Fetches remote changes. 56. Merge conflict occurs when: A. Code runs perfectly B. Changes conflict in Git C. Server fails D. Database is empty Answer: B Rationale: Conflicting edits in branches. 57. Testing ensures: A. Faster CPU B. Software quality C. Storage expansion D. Network speed Answer: B Rationale: Detects software bugs. 58. Unit testing checks: A. Whole system B. Individual components C. Network D. Database only Answer: B Rationale: Tests small code units.
63. Sprint is: A. Long-term plan B. Short development cycle C. Database query D. Server Answer: B Rationale: Fixed time development period. 64. Product backlog is: A. Code error list B. Task list C. Server logs D. Database schema Answer: B Rationale: Ordered list of tasks. 65. DevOps improves: A. Isolation B. Collaboration and speed C. Manual work D. Hardware only Answer: B Rationale: Connects dev and operations. 66. Debugging is: A. Writing code B. Fixing errors C. Deploying apps D. Designing UI Answer: B Rationale: Identifies and fixes bugs. 67. Runtime error occurs: A. Before execution
B. During execution C. During compilation D. Never Answer: B Rationale: Happens while program runs.
68. Compiler error occurs: A. During execution B. During compilation C. After deployment D. Randomly Answer: B Rationale: Syntax issues before execution. 69. Memory leak is: A. Fast execution B. Unreleased memory usage C. Encryption D. Compilation Answer: B Rationale: Memory not freed properly. 70. Garbage collection is: A. Manual memory handling B. Automatic memory cleanup C. Compilation D. Networking Answer: B Rationale: Frees unused memory automatically. **71 โ 80: Systems & Advanced Topics
- Thread is:** A. Full program B. Lightweight process
Answer: B Rationale: Internet-based computing services.
76. SaaS example is: A. AWS EC B. Microsoft 365 C. Kubernetes D. Docker Answer: B Rationale: Ready-to-use software service. 77. PaaS provides: A. Hardware only B. Development platform C. Antivirus D. Database only Answer: B Rationale: Platform for app development. 78. IaaS provides: A. Applications B. Infrastructure C. APIs D. UI design Answer: B Rationale: Virtual machines and servers. 79. Software engineering focuses on: A. Hardware repair B. Systematic software development C. Networking only D. Gaming only Answer: B Rationale: Structured software building.
80. Final goal of software development is: A. Complex systems B. Reliable, scalable, maintainable software C. Random code D. Manual deployment Answer: B Rationale: Ensures quality and usability of software.
