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This is about anthoceropsida.
Typology: Assignments
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Submitted to : maám Sadia Sarwar Submitted by : Faizan khalid (14) Arslan Akhtar (12) Najam saqib (27) M. Kaleem (32) Semester: 5 th Session : 2018- Topic: Anthoceropsida (hornworts) Department of Botany
A group that share a most common recent ancestor. A monophyletic group includes all descendants of that most common recent ancestor.
An evolutionary trait that is unique to a particular species and all its descendants and which can be used as a defining character for a species or group.
Columella is an axis of sterile tissue which passes through the center of the spore sac.
Single-celled structure that aids in spore dispersal in case of hornworts.
A hygroscopic substance is one that readily attracts water from its surroundings, through either absorption or adsorption.
A protonema is a thread-like chain of cells that forms the earliest stage of development of the gametophyte in the life cycle of mosses. It is only few cells (reduced) in hornworts.
Embryophytes means “land plants”, which includes mosses, liverworts, ferns, and all seed- bearing plants.
The male gametangia are called antheridia.
The female gametangia are called oogonia or archegonia.
Sterile cells are the cells which have the lost their property of reproduction.
Plant body that is not differentiated into stem and leaves and lacks true roots and a vascular system.
In some hornworts, the thalli die during hot summer except for their apices, these are called persistent apices.
A gemma (plural gemmae) is a single cell, or a mass of cells, or a modified bud of tissue, that detaches from the parent and develops into a new individual.
Homothallic means having both male and female reproductive organs on the same thallus, which can be self-fertilizing
Heterothallic means male and female reproductive organs are not on same thallus.
The antheridia develop in roof cavities called anthredial chambers. These are present on dorsal surface of thallus.
In anticlinal cell division the plane of division is at right angles to the surface of the plant body. In simple words, anticlinal division adds more thickness.
Periclinal cell divisions are the ones that occur parallel to the tissue or organ surface. periclinal division adds length.
A polyphyletic group is one in which there are two or more separate groups, each with a separate common ancestor.
Epidermal cells that help in gaseous exchange and protected and controlled by guard cells.
Pressure excreted by vacuole (tonoplast) on cell wall.
An elater is a cell (or structure attached to a cell) that is hygroscopic, and therefore will change shape in response to changes in moisture in the environment.
Seta is absent in case of hornworts.
