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NOTES
Most injection Antibiotics are vial except Gentamicin and Amikacin are ampoule, and All oral Antibiotics are suspension. All injection Antibiotics can be given IM (in lidocaine) or IV (in sterile water) except: Amoxicillin / Clavulanic acid: IV Benzathine and Procaine penicillin: IM DON’T GIVE: Tetracycline and Chloramphenicol before 7 years. Quinolones before 16 years.
Duration
5 days 7 days 10 days
o Bronchitis o Sinusitis o Pharyngitis o Gastroenteritis o Otitis media o Tonsilits o Pneumonia o UTI o Typhoid fever
Dose
50:100 MG/KG/DAY ( (الجرعة ألغلب المضادات ما عدا البعض كيلو األفضل ياخد جرعة البالغين 30 وزن أكتر من ) 100 – الطول(كجم أو 60 في البالغين بنحسب الجرعة على وزن Choose the antibiotic according to the causative organism gram +ve or gram - ve.
Gram +ve Gram - ve MIX (+ve and - ve)
Skin infection, Wound, Surgical wound, Pharyngitis, Tonsillitis, Sinusitis, Bronchitis, Otitis media. البكتريا اللي على الجلد من بره mouth, nose, ear, eye, anal canal, مداخل الجسم ) vagina) Upper Respiratory ال
UTI
Typhoid fever Gastroenteritis
Cavities inside the body
Pneumonia Antibiotics according to spectrum: Gram +ve mainly Gram - ve mainly Penicillins 1 ST^ Generation Cephalosporins 2 nd^ Generation Cephalosporins 4 th^ Generation Cephalosporins Macrolides 3 rd^ Generation Cephalosporins 4 th^ Generation Cephalosporins Aminoglycoside Quinolones
Penicillin
المادة الفعالة 1 - Crystaline Penicillin 2 - Penicillin-V 3 - Penicillin-G + Procaine 4 - Benzathine Penicillin
االسم التجاري Penicillin-G^ Ospen^ Procaine Penicillin^ Pencitard
Dose 50000:100000 unit/kg/day^ سنين ربع الحقنة 3 أقل من
Time 4 times/day^ 4 times/day^ < 4 years, one^ vial/day
4 years, two vials/day
Spectrum Gram +ve, not anti-staph
Notes Pass BBB, effective in
Meningitis effective in Streptococcal Pharyngitis. IM only Sensitivity test is a must. الزم اختبار حساسية مع أول حقنة IM only Very important in Rheumatic fever Short Duration of Action Long Duration of Action
Penicillin, Amoxicillin and Ampicillin are unstable. (لما يتحل يترمي وال يستخدم مرة أخرى)
Ampicillin
Amoxicillin
7 - Ampicillin + Sulbctam 8 - Amoxicillin + Clavulinic 9 - Oxacillin, Cloxacillin,
Dicloxacillin,
Flucloxacillin
االسم التجاري Epicocillin^ Amoxicillin,
Emox, Hiconcil Unictam, Sulbin (^) Hibiotic, Augmentin, E-moxiclav, Curam Flumox, Ampiclox, Amofluxin, Dipenacid
Dose 50:100 mg/kg/day^ Oral (50:100 mg/kg/day)
Vial (150 mg/kg/day) 60 : 90 mg/kg/day (In otitis media 90mg/kg/d for 10 Days) 50:100 mg/kg/day
Time ساعة^12 الحقن /
ساعات 8 الشراب /
Spectrum Gram +ve, NOT anti-staph^ Gram +ve, AND anti-staph
Notes Effective in
follicular tonsillitis. Hiconcil drops useful in neonates and small infants.
IV only Cause diarrhea in child less than 1 year. Oral can be given /12H.
Penicillin, Amoxicillin and Ampicillin are unstable. (لما يتحل يترمي وال يستخدم مرة أخرى)
10 - Other Penicillins (Azactam, Tienam, Meronam, Piperacillin, Tazocin): Are Gram +ve, Gram - ve, Anerobe and Pseudomonas. (Used only in ICU)
AMINOGLYCOSIDE (VERY TOXIC) MACROLIDES (VERY SAFE) المادة الفعالة (^) GENTAMYCIN AMIKACIN AZITHROMYCIN CLARITHROMYCIN ERYTHROMYCIN
االسم التجاري GENTAMYCIN,
GARAMYCIN, EPIGENT.
AMIKIN Xithron, Zithromax. Klacid, Klarimix. Erythromycin, Erythrocin, Erythin.
Dose 5 mg/kg/day
MAXIMUM DOSE
(500/DAY)
15 mg/kg/day MAXIMUM DOSE (1500/DAY) Child (10 mg/kg/day). Adult (tab 500) Child (15 mg/kg/day) Adult (tab 500) Child ( 50 mg/kg/day) Adult (tab 500)
Time ساعة^^12 حقن / واحدة يوميا^ مرة تين يوميامر^ مرات يوميا^3
Spectrum Gram - ve mainly Gram +ve mainly (Anti-Staph)
Notes NOT USED WITHOUT CULTURE.
Don’t pass BBB (not used in meningitis) nor
gastric barrier (all are injections).
This group is very toxic (damage kidney and
hearing), So don’t use them more than 5 days
even in cases require 10 days.
Use ideal body weight for overweight.
Oral Only. Not in HEPATIC patients.
. كلهم الزم على معدة فاضية (قبل األكل بساعة أو بعد األكل بساعتين) Clindamycin (like macrolides): used in dental infection.
Amikin:
Used in adult UTI
250/12H FOR 5 DAYS.
Atypical pneumonia Traveller diarrhea in children النها بتفضل فييامأ 3 لمدة 10 الجسم لفترة طويلة تصل إلى أيام ) لمدة XITHRON ( ما عدا ال أيام. 5 Used In cases of:
- Chest infection.
- H-Pylori. مش بيتحط في التالجة -
Quinolones NOT BEFORE 16 YEARS. NOT WITH NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS. NOT WITH THEOPHYLLINE. All are Tablet. المادة الفعالة Norfloxacin (400) Ofloxacin (200) Ciprofloxacin Gatiloxacin (400) Levofloxacin (500) Moxifloxacin (400) االسم التجاري Epinor,^ Noracin,^ Ofloxacin, Ofloxin, Tarivid, Tarivan. Ciprofloxacin, Ciprofar, Rancif. Gatiflox, Tavanic, Tavacin, Moxifloxacin, Moxiflox Time Twice Daily^ Twice Daily^ Once daily Spectrum (^) Gram - ve mainly Notes In UTI only^250 (In UTI only)
500 (In systemic infection only)
750 (In Typhoid only)
Used in Pneumonia and severe
chest infection.
Other Anti-Biotics المادة الفعالة Sulfa+Trimethoprim^ Nitrofurantoin^ Tetracycline^ Chlormphenicol^ Neomycin^ Streptomycin & Rifampicin االسم التجاري Septazole, Septrin.^ Ovamin, Retard^ Doxycycline.^ Thiophenicol^ Rimacitane Dose أيام).^5 الكبار (قرص مرتين يوميا لمدة مرتين يوميا). 3 األطفال (الوزن على
Notes Used in UTI and GIT. NOT with (Cardiac, Anti- Epileptic, Diuretics, Anti coagulants) Urinary antiseptic. NOT USED سنين 7 عند ممنوع
BONE MARROW
DEPRESSION
Only used in GIT sterilization before operation.
T.B.
