ap world unit one study guide, Cheat Sheet of History

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2024/2025

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Name: _Shereen Mayas_ Global Tapestry
Feudal Society & Manorialism 10/14/2025
On Laborers: Conversations between a Master and Laborers (Slide 15-16)
1. What do these conversations tell us about what work was like for commoners?
These conversations led me to infer that work life for commoners was tough and required long
hours; they worked in all kinds of weather, each worker had a specific job, and had little freedom
because they feared the “lord” if they didn’t complete their job.
2. What can we learn about the medieval economy from reading these conversations?
We can learn that the economy in medieval times depended heavily on labor and agriculture, trade
was important, and there was a clear social hierarchy
Pleas from a Manorial Court (Slides 17-18)
1. What sorts of “crimes” or transgressions did people commit?
Crimes or transgressions that people committed that could be punishable were ploughing the
lord's mow wrong, getting married without the lord’s permission, letting animals stray in the lord’s
mow, usually got jail time, and property damage, lying, and hurting someone were usually fined
2. What does this text help us understand about life on manors?
Life on manors was strictly controlled by the lord; it was hard and filled with duties, but it was
also organized around community and labor.
Exploring aspects of feudalism & manorialism
Peasant life
1. What was the typical peasant life like? What work did peasants do? Were they only field
laborers?
Most peasants lived in the countryside and made up about 85% of the population. Life was very
hard and centered around farming. Peasants were not only field laborers; they ploughed, sowed,
harvested, hauled crops, and took care of animals. Work depended on the season of the year.
2. Based on Pierce the Plowman’s Crede (slide 5), what assumptions can we make about peasant
life?
Assumptions we can make about peasant life are that peasants were poor, overworked, and
physically worn down. They lived humbly, often both men and women, and sometimes children
worked in the fields.
3. Besides work, what other things did peasants do?
Besides work, peasants raised families, attended church, sometimes participated in village courts
or gatherings, or learned new skills and trades
Land & taxation
1. How did King Harfager change the way the land was owned and administered in Norway? How
does his system compare to Charlemagne’s reforms? In what ways does it reflect the
development of a feudal system?
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Name: _ Shereen Mayas _ Global Tapestry Feudal Society & Manorialism 10/14/

On Laborers: Conversations between a Master and Laborers (Slide 15-16)

  1. What do these conversations tell us about what work was like for commoners?

These conversations led me to infer that work life for commoners was tough and required long hours; they worked in all kinds of weather, each worker had a specific job, and had little freedom because they feared the “lord” if they didn’t complete their job.

  1. What can we learn about the medieval economy from reading these conversations?

We can learn that the economy in medieval times depended heavily on labor and agriculture, trade was important, and there was a clear social hierarchy

Pleas from a Manorial Court (Slides 17-18)

  1. What sorts of “crimes” or transgressions did people commit?

Crimes or transgressions that people committed that could be punishable were ploughing the lord's mow wrong, getting married without the lord’s permission, letting animals stray in the lord’s mow, usually got jail time, and property damage, lying, and hurting someone were usually fined

  1. What does this text help us understand about life on manors?

Life on manors was strictly controlled by the lord; it was hard and filled with duties, but it was also organized around community and labor.

Exploring aspects of feudalism & manorialism Peasant life

  1. What was the typical peasant life like? What work did peasants do? Were they only field laborers?

Most peasants lived in the countryside and made up about 85% of the population. Life was very hard and centered around farming. Peasants were not only field laborers; they ploughed, sowed, harvested, hauled crops, and took care of animals. Work depended on the season of the year.

  1. Based on Pierce the Plowman’s Crede (slide 5) , what assumptions can we make about peasant life?

Assumptions we can make about peasant life are that peasants were poor, overworked, and physically worn down. They lived humbly, often both men and women, and sometimes children worked in the fields.

  1. Besides work, what other things did peasants do?

Besides work, peasants raised families, attended church, sometimes participated in village courts or gatherings, or learned new skills and trades

Land & taxation

  1. How did King Harfager change the way the land was owned and administered in Norway? How does his system compare to Charlemagne’s reforms? In what ways does it reflect the development of a feudal system?

King Harald made all land officially belong to the king, meaning peasants no longer fully owned their farms. Peasants also had to pay taxes to keep their land. He created a hierarchical system that created a centralized government. Both systems had a strong centralized government and relied on taxes. There was a clear hierarchy where land equals power.

  1. In both Norway and England, rulers and the church implemented ways to regulate landholding and obligations. What sorts of policies did they implement and why do you think they structure their landholdings in this way?

In Norway, kings demanded taxes in goods and required service. In England, the church managed land through rent payments in food, goods, and money. These policies ensured a steady supply of food, labor, and materials for kings and monasteries. They also reinforced social order. Structuring land this way helped rulers maintain control over both wealth and loyalty

Laws

  1. What do the differences in punishments help us understand about medieval society and social structures?

Based of differences in punishments we understand that in medieval society crimes against nobles or the king were punished more harshly, proving that wealth and status determined a person’s value under the law making the system unequal.

  1. What laws existed concerning women?

Laws about women limited their rights; they couldn’t inherit land and were treated as dependents of men.

  1. Why were laws passed regulating slavery? What were these laws trying to accomplish?

Slavery laws were made to stop the sale of Christian slaves and prevent Christians from being treated as property, especially by non-Christians.

  1. In the US, enslavement was based on one’s race. What seemed to form the basis of slavery in the Middle Ages?

In the Middle Ages, slavery was based on religion and social status, not race — people were enslaved if they were non-Christian, born to slaves, or captured in war.