Appendicular Skeleton, Lecture notes of Anatomy

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Appendicular Skeleton.

BY:

Shahzad Bashir.

In The Name of God

(A PROJECT OF NEW LIFE HEALTH CARE SOCIETY)

 Identify the bones of the pectoral (shoulder) girdle and their principal markings.  Identify the bones of the upper limb and their principal markings.  Describe the joints between the upper limb bones. 8/8/2018 2

 Bone of the upper limbs are attached to the skeleton of the trunk by the shoulder girdle.  It is made up of two bones: ◦ Clavicle — Collarbone ◦ Scapula — Shoulder blade 8/8/2018 7

10 Sternum Sternoclavicular joint CLAVICLE Acromioclavicular joint Glenohumeral joint SCAPULA Rib Humerus

CLAVICLE

SCAPULA

Rib Humerus Vertebrae Anterior view of pectoral girdle Posterior view of pectoral girdle

 One in number.  Flat bone lying over the ribs on the upper back between the levels of the second and seventh ribs.  Also know as SHOULDER BLADE.  Triangular Shaped has 2 Surfaces, 3 Angles and 3 Borders. 8/8/2018 13

Supraspinous fossa Infraspinous fossa Subscapular fossa

 ANGLES: Scapula has three angles.  Superior Angle.  Inferior Angle.  Lateral Angle. ◦ LATERAL ANGLE contains GLENOID CAVITY into which head of Humerus fits to form the GLENOHUMERAL (shoulder) JOINT. 8/8/2018 16

 BORDERS: Scapula has three borders.  Medical Border.  Lateral Border.  Superior Border. ◦ SUPERIOR BORDER ends in CORICOID PROCESS to which the tendons and ligaments attach. 8/8/2018 17

8/8/2018 19 Each upper limb includes a Humerus, ulna, radius, carpals, metacarpals, and phalanges. Clavicle Scapula HUMERUS RADIUS ULNA CARPALS METACARPALS PHALANGES

 One in number.  The humerus, or arm bone, is the longest and largest bone of the upper limb.  It articulates proximally with the scapula and distally at the elbow with two bones, the ulna and the radius.  Long bone of upper limbs extending from shoulder to elbow.  It has two Extremities and One Shaft. 8/8/2018 20