LESSON 8
ARCHITECTURE
Art and science of designing structures and
spaces
Creates 3D objects that serve human
purposes
Occupy a given space and create a visual
relationship with the space around them
Adheres to the dictum that "form follows
function"
Architectural design- is an art form
realized through considerations of
spatial design and aesthetics
TYPES OF ARCHITECTURE
1. Greek and Roman Classical Architecture
850 BC to 476 AD
refers to the style that was prominently
used in ancient Greece and Rome
adhered to the concept of building
structures utilizing a set template
Greek order of columns, Doric, Ionic
and Corinthian
Ex: Acropolis complex in Athens and the
Colosseum in Rome.
2. GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE
1150 to c. 1530
architectural type that dominated for
hundreds of years began in France and
was then adapted throughout the
continent
style of stonework/masonry building that
is characterized by three main features:
a. sharply pointed arch
b. ribbed and vaulted columns
c. flying support.
Ex: Notre-Dame in Paris, France
3. BAROUQE
Late 16th Century to 18th Century
originated in Italy and was said to be a
more emotional and dramatic style
designed to appeal to the senses
includes curving forms such as ovals,
concave and convex forms that suggest
motion
Ex: Palace of Versailles in France, St. Paul’s
Cathedral in London, St. Peter’s Square in
Vatican, and Schönbrunn Palace in Vienna.
4. Neoclassical Architecture
18th Century to early 19th Century
revival of Classical architecture
The style is very reminiscent of the
Greek and Roman forms
defined by clean, elegant lines,
uncluttered appearance, free-standing
columns and massive buildings
Ex: Bank of England Building in Liverpool,
White House in United States, General Post
Office in Dublin.
5. Victorian Architecture
1837-1901
refers to buildings that were constructed
during the reign of England’s Queen
Victoria
not limited to a single particular design
but is used as a broad term
One characteristic that most Victorian
homes share is the “dollhouse” look
having elaborate trims, vivid colors, and
asymmetrical designs.
Ex: Palace of Westminster and Royal Albert
Hall in London, Osborne House in the Isle of
Wight, Balmoral Castle in Scotland, and
Postcard Row in San Francisco, California.
6. Modern Architecture
1900s to 1960s
umbrella term that encompasses
several different styles
minimalist style that was practiced by
many architects until after World War 2
prioritize simplicity of form, clean
structure, lack of ornamentation, and
function over form
took advantage of the advances in steel,
glass and concrete
best known architect: Frank Lloyd
Wright and Le Corbusier.
Ex: Frank Lloyd Wright’s Fallingwater house in
the United States, Le Corbusier’s Villa Savoye
in France, and Ludwig Mies van Der Rohe’s
Neue Nationalgalerie in Berlin.
7. Post-Modern Architecture
