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A compilation of questions and answers related to art history, specifically tailored for exam 3 preparation. It covers essential concepts and definitions, including architectural terms like 'ambulatory,' 'conch,' and 'apse,' as well as historical periods and artistic styles such as 'verism' and 'iconoclasm.' the material is organized to facilitate quick review and comprehension, making it a valuable resource for students studying byzantine and roman art and architecture. It also includes time periods such as villanovan, etruscan, roman republic, early roman empire, mature roman empire, late roman empire, early byzantine empire, middle byzantine empire and late byzantine empire.
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Ambulatory - correct answer ✔✔The passage around the apse in a church, especially a basilica, or around the central space in a central-plan building, Conch - correct answer ✔✔A _______ is a half dome. Eucharist - correct answer ✔✔The _______ is the central rite of the Christian Church, from the Greek word for "thanksgiving". Also known as the Mass or Holy Communion, it reenacts Christ's sacrifice on the cross and commemorates the Last Supper. According to traditional Catholic Christina belief, consecrated bread and wine become the body and blood of Christ; in Protestant belief, bread and wine symbolize the body and blood. Iconoclasm - correct answer ✔✔The banning and/or destruction of images, especially icons and religious art. _________ in eighth and ninth century Byzantium and sixteenth and seventeenth century Protestant territories arose from differing beliefs about the power, meaning, function, and purpose of imagery in religion. Orant - correct answer ✔✔Of a standing figure represented praying with outstretched and upraised arms. Mosaic - correct answer ✔✔Image formed by arranging small colored stone or glass pieces onto a hard, stable surface Icon - correct answer ✔✔An image representing a sacred figure or event in the Byzantine
Sarcophagus - correct answer ✔✔A decorated stone coffin Forum - correct answer ✔✔Public square or marketplace of an ancient Roman city that was the heart of all activities Barrel Vault - correct answer ✔✔A vault formed as a half-cylinder Groin Vault - correct answer ✔✔A vault at the intersection of two barrel vaults Pax Romana - correct answer ✔✔200 year period of peace in Rome - "Golden Age" Intuitive Perspective - correct answer ✔✔Used by artists in order to approximate the appearance of things growing smaller or closer together Atmospheric Perspective - correct answer ✔✔Creating the illusion of depth of space by fading colors and objects that are further away have less detail Cella - correct answer ✔✔Main interior room at the center of a Greek or Roman temple (also called naos) Coffers - correct answer ✔✔A recessed decorative panel used to decorate ceilings Modeling - correct answer ✔✔Creating the illusion of three dimensionality on a 2-D surface using light and shade Arch - correct answer ✔✔A curved structural element that spans an open space
Verism - correct answer ✔✔Style in which artists concern themselves with describing the exterior likeness of an object or person, usually by rendering its visible details in a finely executed, meticulous manner. Galleries - correct answer ✔✔a roofed passageway with one or both of its long sides open to the air. In church architecture, the story found above the side aisles of a church or across the width at the end of the nave or transepts, usually open to and overlooking the area below. Also" a building or hall in which art is displayed or sold. Pendentives - correct answer ✔✔The concave triangular section of a vault that forms the transition between a square or polygonal space and the circular base of a dome. Squinches - correct answer ✔✔An arch or lintel built across the upper corners of a square space, allowing a circular or polygonal dome to be securely set above the walls. Manuscripts - correct answer ✔✔A hand-written book or document. Codex - correct answer ✔✔A book or a group of manuscript pages (folios) held together by stitching or other binding along one edge Continuous Narrative - correct answer ✔✔multiple scenes from the same story appear within a single compositional frame. Iconoclasm - correct answer ✔✔The banning and/or destruction of images, especially icons and religious art. Iconoclasm in eighth and ninth century Byzantium and sixteenth and seventeenth century Protestant territories arose from differing beliefs about the power, meaning, function, and purpose of imagery in religion.
"Golden Ages" - correct answer ✔✔Considered the __________ of Byzantine art. Early Byzantine period, Middle Byzantine period, and the Late Byzantine period. Villanovan (Time Period) - correct answer ✔✔1100 BC - 700 BC Etruscan (Time Period) - correct answer ✔✔800 BC - mid 3rd century BC Roman Republic (Time Period) - correct answer ✔✔509 BC - 27 BC Early Roman Empire (Time Period) - correct answer ✔✔27 BC - 79 CE Mature Roman Empire (Time Period) - correct answer ✔✔96 CE - 192 CE Late Roman Empire