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Flow Through Fittings Experiment: Determining Equivalent Length using a Mercury Manometer, Assignments of Chemistry

Chemistry

A laboratory experiment aimed at determining the equivalent length of different fittings using a mercury manometer. The experiment involves setting up the apparatus, observing manometer readings, and manipulating flow rates in a simulator. Data is collected for various fittings and nominal pipe diameters, including elbow, tee-line flow, tee-branch flow, half opened globe valve, fully opened globe valve, gate valve, and swing check valve. The fluid used is water and kerosene, and the manometric fluid is mercury.

Typology: Assignments

2019/2020

Uploaded on 10/05/2020

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SCRIPT:
R: Good Day everyone, today we are going to be conducting the experiment entitled Flow Through
Fittings. This visual/digital experiment aims to determine the equivalent length of different fittings. For
this experiment we are going to be using a mercury manometer. Without further ado let’s start the
experiment.
R: To start ensure that the pump is turned “off”, the valves are checked, the valve leading to the fittings
should be clear and open and other valves should be closed. Then turn “on” the pump. Connect the
manometer to pressure taps, observe the manometer, air bubbles should not be present and both
limbs should appear the same. Set flowrate by rotating the main valve. Then note the readings. Increase
the flow rate then set the flow rate again. Draw the readings.
R: For the simulator. First, select your nominal pipe diameter (which are the following: 0.25 inch, 0.50
inch, 1 inch and 1.5 inches ), then select the fitting (which can vary from elbow, tee-line flow, tee-branch
flow, half opened globe valve, fully opened globe valve, gate valve, and swing check valve). The fluid that
we will use is water and kerosene. For the manometer select Hg manometer (mercury). Ensure that the
values are correct to prevent error in the setup. You can then manipulate the flowrate by rotating the
main valve in the simulator, as you rotate the valve you can see the float moves either up or down. Set
your flowrate in intervals of 10 lpm. The flow rate should be 0lpm, 10lpm, 20lpm, 30lpm and 40lpm
When you have reached the designated flowrate you can add the current readings and then the data
will show up in the observations tab of the simulator.
R: After getting the results/observations from the indicated fittings repeat the process for other fittings.
R: Now for the input variables, these are the following data:
R: Experimental Data include: (the following data are the same for other fittings
ELBOW 0.25 WATER KEROSENE
Nominal Diameter of the Pipe 0.25 inch 0.25 inch
Actual Pipe Diameter 0.92 cm 0.92 cm
Process Fluid Water Kerosene
Density of Process Fluid 1000 Kg per Cubic meter 820 Kg per Cubic meter
Viscosity of Process Fluid 0.85 centiPoise 2.15 centiPoise
Manometric Fluid Mercury Mercury
Manometric Fluid Density 13600 Kg per Cubic meter 13600 Kg per Cubic Meter
ELBOW 0.50 WATER KEROSENE
Nominal Diameter of the Pipe 0.50 inch 0.50 inch
Actual Pipe Diameter 1.57 cm 1.57 cm
Process Fluid Water Kerosene
Density of Process Fluid 1000 Kg per Cubic meter 820 Kg per Cubic meter
Viscosity of Process Fluid 0.85 centiPoise 2.15 centiPoise
Manometric Fluid Mercury Mercury
Manometric Fluid Density 13600 Kg per Cubic meter 13600 Kg per Cubic Meter
ELBOW 1.00 WATER KEROSENE
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SCRIPT:

R: Good Day everyone, today we are going to be conducting the experiment entitled Flow Through Fittings. This visual/digital experiment aims to determine the equivalent length of different fittings. For this experiment we are going to be using a mercury manometer. Without further ado let’s start the experiment. R: To start ensure that the pump is turned “off”, the valves are checked, the valve leading to the fittings should be clear and open and other valves should be closed. Then turn “on” the pump. Connect the manometer to pressure taps, observe the manometer, air bubbles should not be present and both limbs should appear the same. Set flowrate by rotating the main valve. Then note the readings. Increase the flow rate then set the flow rate again. Draw the readings. R: For the simulator. First, select your nominal pipe diameter (which are the following: 0.25 inch, 0. inch, 1 inch and 1.5 inches ), then select the fitting (which can vary from elbow, tee-line flow, tee-branch flow, half opened globe valve, fully opened globe valve, gate valve, and swing check valve). The fluid that we will use is water and kerosene. For the manometer select Hg manometer (mercury). Ensure that the values are correct to prevent error in the setup. You can then manipulate the flowrate by rotating the main valve in the simulator, as you rotate the valve you can see the float moves either up or down. Set your flowrate in intervals of 10 lpm. The flow rate should be 0lpm, 10lpm, 20lpm, 30lpm and 40lpm When you have reached the designated flowrate you can add the current readings and then the data will show up in the observations tab of the simulator. R: After getting the results/observations from the indicated fittings repeat the process for other fittings. R: Now for the input variables, these are the following data: R: Experimental Data include: (the following data are the same for other fittings ELBOW 0.25 WATER KEROSENE Nominal Diameter of the Pipe 0.25 inch 0.25 inch Actual Pipe Diameter 0.92 cm 0.92 cm Process Fluid Water Kerosene Density of Process Fluid 1000 Kg per Cubic meter 820 Kg per Cubic meter Viscosity of Process Fluid 0.85 centiPoise 2.15 centiPoise Manometric Fluid Mercury Mercury Manometric Fluid Density 13600 Kg per Cubic meter 13600 Kg per Cubic Meter ELBOW 0.50 WATER KEROSENE Nominal Diameter of the Pipe 0.50 inch 0.50 inch Actual Pipe Diameter 1.57 cm 1.57 cm Process Fluid Water Kerosene Density of Process Fluid 1000 Kg per Cubic meter 820 Kg per Cubic meter Viscosity of Process Fluid 0.85 centiPoise 2.15 centiPoise Manometric Fluid Mercury Mercury Manometric Fluid Density 13600 Kg per Cubic meter 13600 Kg per Cubic Meter ELBOW 1.00 WATER KEROSENE

Nominal Diameter of the Pipe 1.00 inch 1.00 inch Actual Pipe Diameter 2.66 cm 2.66 cm Process Fluid Water Kerosene Density of Process Fluid 1000 Kg per Cubic meter 820 Kg per Cubic meter Viscosity of Process Fluid 0.85 centiPoise 2.15 centiPoise Manometric Fluid Mercury Mercury Manometric Fluid Density 13600 Kg per Cubic meter 13600 Kg per Cubic Meter ELBOW 1.50 WATER KEROSENE Nominal Diameter of the Pipe 1.50 inch 1.50 inch Actual Pipe Diameter 4.08 cm 4.08 cm Process Fluid Water Kerosene Density of Process Fluid 1000 Kg per Cubic meter 820 Kg per Cubic meter Viscosity of Process Fluid 0.85 centiPoise 2.15 centiPoise Manometric Fluid Mercury Mercury Manometric Fluid Density 13600 Kg per Cubic meter 13600 Kg per Cubic Meter R: The values for the fittings will be the same. After mo makuha yung resultsa dun saa fittings ganun din yung prcess for pother fittings.