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ASSIGNMENT FRONT SHEET
Qualification BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Computing
Unit number and title Unit 2: Networking Infrastructure
Submission date Date Received 1st submission
Re-submission Date Date Received 2nd submission
Student Name Huynh Minh Huy Student ID GCD
Class GCD1001 Assessor name Đặng Quang Hiển
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I certify that the assignment submission is entirely my own work and I fully understand the consequences of plagiarism. I understand
that making a false declaration is a form of malpractice.
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Table of Contents
Table of Tables Table 1: Difference between Physical and Logical Topology...................................................................................................................................... 27 Acknowledgement
As we now know, computers are used in a wide range of industries, including agriculture, education, medical,
technology, transportation, and so on. As a result, there is a clear need for an organization's computers to be
connected in order to facilitate data exchange and retrieval, as well as efficient administration and use of computing
resources.
With the introduction of the Internet, which is a network of millions of computer systems interconnected to share
information, the globe has become a global village. The Internet's rise has been perceived as erratic, since it
provides beneficial information and platforms for all classes of people, including entrepreneurs, students, artisans,
crafters, and other people and professions.
CHAPTER 1: Discuss the benefi ts and constraints of diff erent network types and
standards.
1. Introduction to Computer Networking.
1.1. What is a Computer Network?
A computer network is a collection of computers linked together by cables, optical fibers, or optical connections so
that different devices can communicate with one another.
1.2. Uses of Computer Network:
Resource sharing: Resource sharing refers to the sharing of resources like as programs, printers, and data among
users on a network without regard to the resource's or user's geographical location.
Server-Client model: The server-client model makes advantage of computer networking. A server is a computer that
is used to store data and is managed by the system administrator. Clients are the machines that connect to the
server remotely to access data.
Communication medium: A computer network serves as a means for users to communicate with one another. For
example, a corporation with multiple computers may have an email system that employees utilize on a daily basis.
E-commerce: In the corporate world, a computer network is essential. We'll be able to conduct business on the
internet. Amazon.com, for example, is a web-based retailer.
2. Network type.
Computer networking comes in a variety of shapes and sizes. The size and function of a computer network can be classified.
The geographical area and number of computers that are part of a network should be used to determine its size. It ranges
from single-room devices to millions of units dispersed throughout the globe. The most common types of computer networks
are as follows:
Figure 2 : Network Type.
Some of the most popular computer network types are:
PAN (Personal Area Network)
LAN (Local Area Network)
MAN (Metropolitan Area Network)
WAN (Wide Area Network)
There are numerous additional kinds of computer networks, such as:
SAN (Storage Area Network)
EPN (Enterprise Private Network)
VPN (Virtual Private Network)
2.1. PAN (Personal Area Network):
PAN (Personal Area Network) is a computer network that is built around a single individual. A computer, a mobile
phone, or a personal digital assistant are the most common components. PAN may be used to link these personal
gadgets to a digital network and the internet by creating communication between them.
There are two types of Personal Area Network:
Figure 3 : PAN (Personal Area Network).
Restricted to a very tiny region.
c. Disadvantages of PAN:
It's possible that it'll make a shaky connection to other networks using the same radio channels.
There are certain distance restrictions.
d. Examples of PAN (Personal Area Network):
Body Area Network: A network that travels with a person is known as a body area network. For
example, a mobile network moves with a person. Assume a person makes a network connection
and then establishes a connection with another device in order to transfer data.
Offline Network: An offline network, often known as a home network, can be constructed within
the home. The purpose of a home network is to link devices such as printers, computers, and
televisions that are not connected to the internet.
Small Home Office: It's used to connect a range of devices to the internet and a business network
via a virtual private network (VPN).
2.2. LAN (Local Area Network):
LAN (Local Area Network) is a collection of computer and peripheral equipment connected in a small space, such as a
classroom, laboratory, residence, or business building. It's a popular network for sharing resources such as files,
printers, games, and other software. Connecting PCs and a printer in someone's home or workplace is the most basic
sort of LAN network. LAN will be utilized as one form of communication medium
in general. It's a network with fewer than 5000 linked devices spread across
many buildings.
a. Characteristics of LAN:
Because it's a private network, it's never under the control of an outside regulatory body.
When compared to other WAN systems, LAN operates at a much faster rate.
Token ring and ethernet are two examples of different media access control methods.
b. Advantages of LAN:
Local area networks can share computer resources such as hard disks, DVD-ROMs, and printers. This
lowers the cost of hardware purchases significantly.
Instead of purchasing licensed software for each client in the network, you can use the same
software across the network.
All network users' data can be stored on the server computer's single hard disk.
Data and messages can be easily transferred between networked computers.
It will be simple to manage data in a single location, making data more secure.
The ability to share a single internet connection among all LAN users is provided by a local area
network.
Figure 5 :LAN (Local Area Network).
a. Characteristics of WAN:
The software files will be shared among all users, ensuring that everyone has access to the most
recent versions.
WAN may be used by any firm to create a global integrated network.
b. Advantages of WAN:
The Wide Region Network (WAN) allows you to cover a broader geographical area. As a result,
corporate offices located at a greater distance can connect effortlessly.
Mobile phones, laptops, tablets, desktops, game consoles, and other electronic gadgets are included.
The radio transmitters and receivers embedded into client devices are used to establish WLAN
connections.
c. Disadvantages of WAN:
The initial investment setup cost is really significant.
The WAN network is tough to maintain. You'll need technicians and network administrators that are
well-versed in their fields.
Because of the vast reach and usage of many technologies, there are more faults and difficulties.
Because many wired and wireless technologies are involved, it takes longer to fix difficulties.
When compared to other forms of computer networks, it provides less protection.
Figure 6 : WAN (Wide Area Network).
d. Examples of WAN:
Mobile Broadband: In an area or nation, a 4G network is commonly utilized.
Last mile: A telecom provider connects customers' homes with fiber to deliver internet services to
clients in hundreds of cities.
Private network: A bank provides a private network that connects the 44 offices. The telecom
company's telephone leased line is used to create this network.
2.4. MAN (Metropolitan Area Network):
MAN (Metropolitan Area Network) is a computer network that spans a complete city, a college campus, or a small
area. This network is much larger than a LAN, which is usually restricted to a single building or location. This sort of
network may span a range of distances from a few miles to tens of miles, depending on the arrangement.
a. Characteristics of MAN:
It typically encompasses towns and cities within a 50-kilometer radius.
Optical fibers and cables are the most often utilized mediums.
For distributed computing applications, appropriate data rates are required.
b. Advantage of MAN:
It provides high-speed communication over high-speed carriers such as fiber optic cables.
Figure 7 : MAN (Metropolitan Area Network).
