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Senior 1 Chemistry Atomic Structure LG
Bohr Model Diagrams
Examples of Bohr Model Diagrams:
19 F 9
FLUORINE
Step 1:
Step 2:
Step 3:
Determine the number of fundamental particles found in the element.
. Number of electrons is equal to the number of protons in a neutral atom. This value is equal to the atomic number. . Number of neutrons is calculated using the equation: atomic mass minus atomic number. Number of protons = 9 (equal to atomic number)
Number of electrons = 9 (equal to atomic number)
Number of neutrons = 10 (atomic mass-atomic number)
Draw a circular nucleus with the correct number of and symbol for both protons and neutrons. The nucleus contains both neutrons and protons.
Draw the correct number of electron shells. The number of shells/orbits is equal to the period of the element on the periodic table. Therefore, fluorine is found in period #2 and contains two electron shells.
Senior 1 Chemistry Atomic^ Structure^ L
Step 4: Represent electrons as dots and position electrons in orbits or energy levels/ shells.
. The electrons will fill the orbit of lowest energy first (ie., first electron shell
closest to nucleus). The first shell can hold a maximum of two electrons.
. An electron shell must be filled with its maximum number of electrons be
fore any subsequent electron shell can be filled.
. Electrons should be distributed equally and symmetrically throughout shell.
Therefore, in the fluorine atom, the first shell contains two electrons, and the second shell contains seven electrons.
Notice that the number of valence electrons or outer shell electrons is equal to the Roman Number (A VII) of the group in which the fluorine is located.
