GROUP MEMBERS
WAJEEH UL HASSAN 19014198-056
MUHAMMAD SAAD ALI 19014198-057
MOHSIN ALI 19014198-069
ARMGHAN AHMAD 19014198-068
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Basic electronics
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basic electronics ,biasing ,voltage divder and details, Essays (university) of Basic Electronics
biasing,ideal voltage divider,and examples
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GROUP MEMBERS WAJEEH UL HASSAN 19014198- MUHAMMAD SAAD ALI 19014198- MOHSIN ALI 19014198- ARMGHAN AHMAD 19014198- Presentation Basic electronics
WHAT IS BIASING?
A biasing is a phenomenon of getting a proper dc collector current at a certain dc voltage by setting up a proper point.
WHY IS VOLTAGE DIVIDER BIAS PREFERRED? Voltage divider biasing is commonly used because of the main reason that the transistor under this biasing always remains in the active region(the emitter-base junction is always forward biased ).
WHAT IS THE VOLTAGE DIVIDER EQUATION? A voltage divider involves applying a voltage source across a series of two resistors. ... We'll call the resistor closest to the input voltage (V in
) R
1
and the resistor closest to ground R 2
The voltage drop across R 2 is called V out , that's the divided voltage our circuit exists to make.
IDEAL VOLTAGE DIVIDER
SIMPLIFICATIONS There are a few generalizations that are good to keep in mind when using voltage dividers. These are simplifications that make evaluating a voltage dividing circuit just a little easier. First, if R2 and R1 are equal then the output voltage is half that of the input. This is true regardless of the resistors' values.
Conversely, if R 2 is much smaller than R 1 , the output voltage will be tiny compared to the input. Most of the input voltage will be across R 1
BIAS METHOD
The following discussion treats five common biasing circuits: Fixed bias. Collector-to-base bias. Fixed bias with emitter resistor. Voltage divider bias or potential divider. Emitter bias.
WHY FIXED BIAS IS CALLED SO?
The circuit shown is called as a “ fixed base bias circuit”, because the transistors base current, I B remains constant for given values of Vcc, and therefore the transistors operating point must also remain fixed. ... Also the operating temperature of the transistor can adversely effect the operating point.
WHAT IS COLLECTOR TO BASE BIAS? It is also called as collector to base bias circuit. It is an improvement over fixed bias method. In this, biasing resistor is connected between collector and base of the transistor to provide feedback path.
BASE CIRCUIT
Consider the base circuit and applying voltage law then we get,
If there is a change in β due to piece to piece variation between transistors or if there is a change in β and I CO due to the change in temperature. So collector current tends to increase. As a result, voltage drop across RC increases. Due to reduction in VCE, IB reduces. The result is that the circuit tends to maintain a stable value of collector current, keeping the Q point fixed.