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Biology_Test_1.docx.docx biology test

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2023/2024

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BIOD 171: BIO TEST ONE Q &
A/2023.Qualified,V SU
1. What are the four main classifications of Eukarya?
Eukaryotic microorganisms are classified as either belonging to Animalia,
Plantae, Fungi or Protista.
2. Can viruses be classified as either prokaryotic
or eukaryotic? Your Answer:
No, Viruses considered neither prokaryotic or eukaryotic.
No. Viruses are considered neither prokaryotic nor eukaryotic. Viruses are
not considered living and do not replicate on their own, meaning they must
replicate within a host.
3. The lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane is composed of what?
Your Answer:
Phospholipid.
The cell membrane is a bilayer composed primarily of amphipathic
phospholipids, meaning they contain a polar hydrophilic (water loving) head
group and a non-polar hydrophobic (water fearing) tail region. The lipid
bilayer is situated in such a way where the non-polar tail groups face inward
thus orienting the polar head groups to interact with water both outside and
inside of the cell.
4. What are the primary cellular organelles described in this module? Be
sure to know the roles of each.
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A/2023.Qualified,VSU

  1. What are the four main classifications of Eukarya? Eukaryotic microorganisms are classified as either belonging to Animalia, Plantae, Fungi or Protista.
  2. Can viruses be classified as either prokaryotic or eukaryotic? Your Answer: No, Viruses considered neither prokaryotic or eukaryotic. No. Viruses are considered neither prokaryotic nor eukaryotic. Viruses are not considered living and do not replicate on their own, meaning they must replicate within a host.
  3. The lipid bilayer of the plasma membrane is composed of what? Your Answer: Phospholipid. The cell membrane is a bilayer composed primarily of amphipathic phospholipids, meaning they contain a polar hydrophilic (water loving) head group and a non-polar hydrophobic (water fearing) tail region. The lipid bilayer is situated in such a way where the non-polar tail groups face inward thus orienting the polar head groups to interact with water both outside and inside of the cell.
  4. What are the primary cellular organelles described in this module? Be sure to know the roles of each.

Cell

A/2023.Qualified,VSU

Your Answer:

  1. Ribosomes: Responsible for protein synthesis
  2. Endoplasmic Reticulum: Site of protein synthesis
  3. Golgi Complex: Serves as the distribution center of cell
  4. Mitochondria: Generate ATP
  5. Chloroplasts: only in plants, site of photosynthesis Ribosomes (protein synthesis), ER (site of protein synthesis), Golgi (protein modification and distribution), lysosomes (waste disposal), mitochondria (ATP generation) and chloroplasts (plants only; site of photosynthesis). Microbiology is the study of what? Your Answer: Microbiology is study for the processes at micro level. Microbiology is the study of microbes (microorganisms and viruses) and their biological processes. Question 2 What is the smallest biological unit of life? Correct Answers A cell Question 3 What is a macromolecule? Your Answer:

A/2023.Qualified,VSU

Proteins may facilitate the movement of materials in or out of a cell. Some can act as enzymes that catalyze, or speed up, biochemical processes. Others play a structural role while other proteins, such as filaments, enable movement. Question 6 What are the two major types of nucleic acids and their roles? Your Answer: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (Ribonucleic acid) DNA carried a hereditary information within the cell. RNA is response the decode the hereditary information from DNA and using it to synthesize proteins. There are two major types of nucleic acids: DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid). Nucleic acids are chemical molecules that carry genetic information within the cell. DNA contains a vast amount of hereditary information and is responsible for the inheritable characteristics of living organisms. RNA is responsible for deciphering the hereditary information in DNA and using it to synthesize proteins. Question 7 What is the plasma membrane, and what is it made up of? Your Answer: The plasma membrane control the movement of materials either go in or out of the cell. The plasma membrane made up of a lipid bilayer, the re are two layers of lipids stacked on top of each other, with a hydrophobic tail region pointing inward. The plasma membrane serves the cell as a surrounding barrier that separates the inside of the cell from the outside surrounding environment. The plasma membrane also restricts the movement of materials (water,

A/2023.Qualified,VSU

nutrients, etc) either in or out of the cell, thus allowing a cells to absorb and keep what is needed (influx) while also preventing the escape (out flux) of essential nutrients. The plasma membrane is composed of lipids (hydrophobic hydrocarbons). Question 8 What are the three main components of polysaccharides? Your Answer: carbon, hydrogen and oxygen Polysaccharides are composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen atoms. Examples would include, C6H12O6 (glucose) C12H22O11 (sucrose) and C6H10O5 (cellulose).