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Biochemistry Questions and Answers: Module 4 Review, Exams of Biochemistry

Cape Cod Community CollegeBiochemistry

A compilation of questions and answers related to biochemistry, specifically focusing on topics covered in module 4. It includes questions about metabolic processes such as glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation, as well as the roles of various molecules like atp, nadh, and insulin. The material is presented in a question-and-answer format, making it useful for students reviewing for exams or seeking to reinforce their understanding of key concepts in biochemistry. It also covers topics such as carbohydrate loading, diabetes, and the cori cycle, offering a comprehensive review of essential biochemical pathways and their regulation. Updated and verified, ensuring the accuracy and relevance of the information provided.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 09/02/2025

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BioChem C785 - WGU - Module 4 - all Questions
and answers already graded A+| Updated &
Verified |
The polysaccharide cellulose is composed of sugar monomers linked through beta linkages, with their
CH2OH groups in opposite direction relative to the neighboring monomer. - ✔✔True
Nutrient that can not be broken down to a substance that can participate in the production of ATP via
aerobic cellular metabolism - ✔✔Vitamin E
Glycolysis produces 2 ATP molecules, through what process are these ATP molecules made? -
✔✔Substrate level phosphorylation
What product of beta oxidation is able to enter the citric acid cycle? - ✔✔AcetylCoA
What process is shared between anaerobic and aerobic metabolism? - ✔✔glycolysis
A defect occurs that prevents pyruvate from converting to lactate under anaerobic conditions - what is a
possible consequence? - ✔✔glycolysis stops because NAD+ levels are too low
What differentiates aerobic from anaerobic cellular metabolism? - ✔✔utilization of 02 as an electron
acceptor
What takes place in the mitochondria of a cell? - ✔✔production of FAHD2
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Download Biochemistry Questions and Answers: Module 4 Review and more Exams Biochemistry in PDF only on Docsity!

BioChem C785 - WGU - Module 4 - all Questions

and answers already graded A+| Updated &

Verified |

The polysaccharide cellulose is composed of sugar monomers linked through beta linkages, with their CH2OH groups in opposite direction relative to the neighboring monomer. - ✔✔True Nutrient that can not be broken down to a substance that can participate in the production of ATP via aerobic cellular metabolism - ✔✔Vitamin E Glycolysis produces 2 ATP molecules, through what process are these ATP molecules made? - ✔✔Substrate level phosphorylation What product of beta oxidation is able to enter the citric acid cycle? - ✔✔AcetylCoA What process is shared between anaerobic and aerobic metabolism? - ✔✔glycolysis A defect occurs that prevents pyruvate from converting to lactate under anaerobic conditions - what is a possible consequence? - ✔✔glycolysis stops because NAD+ levels are too low What differentiates aerobic from anaerobic cellular metabolism? - ✔✔utilization of 02 as an electron acceptor What takes place in the mitochondria of a cell? - ✔✔production of FAHD

production of CO2 in the citric acid cycle creation of a proton gradient What does not take place in the mitochondria of a cell? - ✔✔conversion of pyruvate to lactic acid Under aerobic conditions in a human, which molecule is formed in the cytosol by fermentation? - ✔✔lactate A woman is about to begin her ascent of Mount Everest and is preparing for Day 1 of the climb. Approximately 6 hours before the hike begins, she and her climbing team eat a meal containing 80% complex carbohydrates. What is the physiological benefit of this approach? - ✔✔improving glycogen stores in the liver and muscle Which process is stimulated when glucagon is released into the bloodstream? - ✔✔triglyceride synthesis Which chemical represents a monosaccharide? - ✔✔C6H A patient with advanced cancer has not been able to eat a full meal for the past 3 months, and his intake has gradually diminished over the last month such that his entire intake in the prior 3 days consists solely of water. What is most likely? - ✔✔He is likely to have lost adipose tissue and muscle mass Which process is stimulated when insulin is released into the bloodstream? - ✔✔glycogenesis What is the largest source of energy storage in the normal human body? - ✔✔triglycerides in adipose

26 ATP are formed through oxidative phosphorylation in the electron transport chain for a total of about 30 ATP from one glucose molecule that undergoes aerobic metabolism What process takes place in the inner membrane of the mitochondria? - ✔✔electron transport chain While barbiturates are potent inhibitors of Complex I in the electron transport chain, they do not completely block electron transport because: - ✔✔FADH2 donates electrons to complex II Where is energy stores in an ATP molecule? - ✔✔in the bonds between the phosphate groups A defect in an enzyme in the citric acid cycle causes the cycle to stop functioning. What are possible consequences? - ✔✔decreased levels of ATP What could result in better outcomes for type 2 diabetes? - ✔✔an increased number of GluT 4 transports in the cell membrane Emma was prescribed metformin which is used to control blood glucose levels. One direct effect of metformin is inhibition of the gluconeogenesis pathway in the liver - ✔✔True Emma has an A1C level of 7.0% in her blood. A1C is a form of: - ✔✔hemoglobin Catabolism is the breakdown of larger molecules, whereas anabolism is the synthesis of new molecules. Which of these processes result in the generation of ATP? - ✔✔catabolism

A molecule that assists an enzyme in driving biochemical reactions is: - ✔✔coenzyme Insulin controls both carbohydrates and fat metabolism. What statement describes the effects of insulin? - ✔✔1. stimulates the glucose uptake

  1. inhibits the glycogen breakdown
  2. stimulates fatty acid production and storage There are 2 types of diabetes. Type 1, where the insulin is not produced at all or produced in insufficient amounts. Type 2, where insulin is made in reasonable quantities, but the cells are unable to respond to the insulin. Thus, not all cases are a result of insufficient amounts of insulin. - ✔✔True The complications of diabetes result from the accumulation of which of the following: - ✔✔Advanced Glycation End-products (AGEs) The pancreas can regulate and maintain glucose homeostasis by secreting different hormones in response to varying blood glucose levels. The pancreas secretes hormones in response to high blood glucose levels, whereas glucagon is secreted in response to high glucose levels. - ✔✔True Which treatment of metformin is beneficial for many individuals with type 2 diabetes, it does increase the risk of lactic acidosis (accumulation of lactate in the blood that results in lower blood pH) in those who take it. What effect of metformin directly contributes to this potential risk? - ✔✔decreased gluconeogenesis in the liver A risk factor associated with use of metformin in the treatment of diabetes is lactic acidosis. Acidosis is associated with a decrease in blood pH, due to an increase in the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+). Given this change in blood pH, hemoglobin is more likely to release oxygen. - ✔✔True

NADH and FADH2 are two cofactors made in the citric acid cycle. They donate the electrons they gained in the citric acid cycle to the electron transport chain. - ✔✔True Aerobic respiration requires oxygen. Oxygen has a role in which of the following pathways? - ✔✔Electron transport chain During periods of strenuous exercise the muscle cells can become anaerobic. Without oxygen, the electron transport chain can not continue and the citric acid cycle slows down. In such situations, how do cells make ATP? - ✔✔Pyruvate is transformed to lactate The citric acid cycle produces large amounts of NADH. If NADH is already abundant in the cell, the enzymes of the citric acid cycle that produce NADH will be inhibited by this product and slow the cycle. - ✔✔The citric acid cycle could be inhibited by high concentrations of NADH due to feedback inhibition. Cyanide binds to complex IV of the electron transport chain, preventing electron transport. Which of the following would be the most immediate effect of cyanide consumption? - ✔✔ADP will build up. Protons will not be pumped to the intermembrane space. Oxygen would not be consumed by the ETC. In an exercising muscle cell under anaerobic conditions, pyruvate from glycolysis is turned into lactate in order to regenerate NAD+ for further rounds of glycolysis, which produces 2 ATP per round for the muscle cell to use. The Cori cycle allows lactate to be turned into glucose via gluconeogenesis in the liver at the expense of 6 ATP. This means that, overall, the Cori cycle creates a deficit of 4 ATP. - ✔✔True