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COll- Gel interaction O44 10.2) \WerQaUction 70 Cell Communication ~ Walls Must detect 4 respond tr signals ond changes in weir environment — In nviriced unanr ovqanisms , communication ariows 4" AiVISIOIN oF latbNR CoO Aination oF GOKutKEs =) maintainance = Bignads can een +199 er [GPOPIOBIS Com grammed cell death) Z.Piysical Connections: Cen Junctions AWWVOANS = BOOMING UNIONS: Me Chanically enrNg 5 GHOACH CAS 49.20 other or oe, FEM > Aahnerens Tunctions 4 decmosomes: Use GACerinEpMAINsI tor cell-cell adhesion. Cadherins are Co** Aependenk and connect + tne, cynsreleron ( Actin eilaments -Adheren: Vintermediate filaments) [eeemosomed) inside 4he cell. They, are ASSURISPEOIC! ~7 Food _Adinesions 4 Hemidesmosomes: use integrin proteins tv conneot He OM tne, cunskel orn... \ategrins are not Co” dependent. : i 110 A Watertight Seal between cats i critica Ye PREVeNH ing, leakage oF Matevial: Made OF occludin’ ciauain. ~ Bap Junctions: Auster of channes (Formed by connexin pratciins Ureating a connexon) Anat allow difect ditension of Os 4 gmat molecules berMeen-e a4tosols of adjacent CAIs enabling varia CoMMUAOTOVL \n Plants = “Middle lamenia: a qe¢atinons lager nich in pectins thot Cements adjacent plant cel wails together ~Plosmodesmota.: membrane. KineA ohanneas dat Haverse tne cell. wallso adjacent ceils, connecting sanir otiop/asins. 7Sumplast- tne continuous Nerwork Or o4faplasm connected by plasmodesmata. 7 Begoplast ner gctmcedlMiar spate Outsole wre PiAbMan mewiorane, iMedndiing, CEA) Walls. S. Overviews oF Signaling Types ~ Diveor atraoellAlor Signaling: signdls pacs directly from ane-cel\ Won adjacent Cell Hnirugih. gap junctions — Cant De peindeint Signaling: 0 memiorane pound siqnoat molecuie.dn one Cel biNidetr o receptor onan AA \CAsVtt_CRAL SAutncring Signaling - 1 cedl secretes a signal tar binds +n ite receptors on ite Givi Sur fad arecKing itsel€ or similar vig owing, cells ~Paracrine signaling: a cedi secretes signals Hint aefect nest lay target ceils (eX. Nerve Leis) ~ Endourine signaling + cedis Mileage hormones thot travel tong distances. Cex. vid tne blood stream) ty target 4.TMe Three Stages of Cell Signaling — fuoncovalently s specttically \. Receptor Activation’ A signaling moleaie Cligand) binds ta revephr, causing a confecinatinoal Slang 6 that. atkivates It 2. Signal Transduction: The activated re cephir+riqqers a series of downstream enemis Ca Signal transduction pathway ore involving a cascade of protein activations. %. Celular Response = ne Sign HonsanUtion pathway leads toa change in tne cells activity. Responses Can incl uores+ — Riteving enzyme activity ~ hanging the function of structural proteins. ~ Maditying gent Cxpressiin- 5. Types of Receptors, p7 Abst Beceptos COll Surface Receprore- Bind 4 water soluble ligands ~ Enzyme linked receptors: étten hove intrinsic enayme ncrivity Lex. Receptor Tynsine Hinases C2TKs) like ne Fpiderma Gneth Factr recep). Ligand binding activates tne Intracetiular catalytic Aomaitn. ~ G- Protein Coupled Receptors LUPLEs): have t+ troungmemborene, Segments... hexiuore intracerlutour G-proteins which Hien aAssociote Inia _O and LY Subonits sn regular. other proteins inthe paknwar. aa Vsyalty) Nev ~ Ligana-Gared lon Unamnets Opan Or Chose I Te SPONSE \igpnd, ‘anding, Allowing speciic yonc40 How OLKOSS tne. mmerniproune Lex- nenror una pss). Kets ce plus “nto cellular receptors + found insite Une Gedl Contnploann of WuthenS). Bind tolydrophabie-liqnncs Hat can cA ss He, Mennboraie, LO. eehragvecepter which acts as a-tranccriptin fac) (Not permanedty chore lived) le. Signod Wansduction Pasnwars ~Parhways iNVOINe Kinases Cenz4umes Het add phosphate, groups) OWA SeLONd We SSENACS COMA NON protein iMrTACedlulcur Signing, wokecMmes) ~Bx GPCRo CAMP Pathway PSIQNAl binds GPCE rwhich activates A G protein. ororein binds 4 GTP. ATE G PON of subunit ACtVAtS CENYLY! CYCISE Which produces te second messenger, CAMP, >c AMP activates. protein Kinase A CPEAY PKA phosphorylates various target proteine (enzymes SHTUGIUFAL pirailns -tmalnscription facture ), leacting,vne Cellular response: ~ Advantages db Second Messengers like, CAMP: > Signa\ Amplification: One acrivared rece Prom ann ead ty tne. production oF many cAMP malennkes cach activating PEA which can phosphorylate many substrates. > Spetd tne. response can be very rapid Cex-substantal cAMP production witnin 20 seconds) 
