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Biology classification (assertion-reasoning), Schemes and Mind Maps of Biology

Biology

Biology classification using assertion-reasoning is a method of categorizing living organisms based on their characteristics and features. It involves making assertions or statements about an organism's classification and providing reasons to support those assertions. This approach is useful in understanding the classification of living organisms and their characteristics. It helps in identifying the relationships between different organisms and their features.

Typology: Schemes and Mind Maps

2022/2023

Available from 10/01/2024

Shyrat
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BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION ASSIGNMENT
Directions: In the following questions, a statement of assertion is followed by a
statement of reason.
Mark the correct choice as:
(a)
If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of
Assertion.
(b)
If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of
Assertion.
(c)
If Assertion is true but Reason is false.
(d)
If both Assertion and Reason are false.
Q.1.
Assertion : Bacteria are prokaryotic.
Reason : Bacteria do not possess true nucleus and membrane bound cell organelles
Q.2.
Assertion :Two kingdom classification was insufficient.
Reason: Majority of organisms failed to fall into either of the categories in two kingdom
classification.
Q.3.
Assertion : Archaebacteria are able to survive in harsh habitats.
Reason: Archaebacteria survive in extreme conditions due to the presence of peptidoglycan in
their cell wall.
Q.4.
Assertion : Several ruminant animals contain methanogens within their gut.
Reason: Methanogens help in the production of methane from dung of ruminants.
Q.5.
Assertion : Euglena is called as plant animal.
Reason: Pellicle of Euglena is made up of cellulose and not protein.
Q.6.
Assertion: Plasmodium causes disease in female Anopheles mosquitoes.
Reason: Female Anopheles mosquitoes feed on plasmodial blood.
Q.7.
Assertion: Kingdom-Protista forms a link between monerans and and the other organism
like plants, animal and fungi.
Reason: Protist reproduce sexually and asexually by a process involving cell fusion and
zygote formation.
Q.8.
Assertion: Fungi imperfecti” does not show alternation of generation.
Reason: The diploid phase is present in only zygote.
Q.9.
Assertion: Deuteromycetes is known as fungi imperfecti.
Reason: In Deuteromycetes, only the asexual phase is known.
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BIOLOGICAL CLASSIFICATION ASSIGNMENT

Directions: In the following questions, a statement of assertion is followed by a statement of reason. Mark the correct choice as: (a) If both Assertion and Reason are true and Reason is the correct explanation of Assertion. (b) If both Assertion and Reason are true but Reason is not the correct explanation of Assertion. (c) If Assertion is true but Reason is false. (d) If both Assertion and Reason are false. Q.1. Assertion : Bacteria are prokaryotic. Reason : Bacteria do not possess true nucleus and membrane bound cell organelles Q.2. Assertion :Two kingdom classification was insufficient. Reason: Majority of organisms failed to fall into either of the categories in two kingdom classification. Q.3. Assertion : Archaebacteria are able to survive in harsh habitats. Reason: Archaebacteria survive in extreme conditions due to the presence of peptidoglycan in their cell wall. Q.4. Assertion : Several ruminant animals contain methanogens within their gut. Reason: Methanogens help in the production of methane from dung of ruminants. Q.5. Assertion : Euglena is called as plant animal. Reason: Pellicle of Euglena is made up of cellulose and not protein. Q.6. Assertion: Plasmodium causes disease in female Anopheles mosquitoes. Reason: Female Anopheles mosquitoes feed on plasmodial blood. Q.7. Assertion: Kingdom-Protista forms a link between monerans and and the other organism like plants, animal and fungi. Reason: Protist reproduce sexually and asexually by a process involving cell fusion and zygote formation. Q.8. Assertion: Fungi imperfecti” does not show alternation of generation. Reason: The diploid phase is present in only zygote. Q.9. Assertion: Deuteromycetes is known as fungi imperfecti. Reason: In Deuteromycetes, only the asexual phase is known.

Q.10. Assertion: Morels and Truffles are edible fungi. Reason: Some Ascocarps are edible. Q.11. Assertion: Viruses are nucleoproteins and lack cell organelle, etc. Reason: Viruses are not considered organism. Q.12. Assertion : TMV is a virus which causes mosaic disease. Reason : TMV has RNA as genetic material. Q.13. Assertion: “Contagium Vivum Pasteur Fluidum” was coined by Pasteur. Reason: Pasteur found that virus infected plant of tobacco can cause infection in healthy plant. Q.14. Assertion: In lichens, mycobiont and phycobiont are symbiotically associated in algae which is predominant and fungi is a subordinate partner. Reason: In this symbiotic association, the fungus provides food while the alga protects fungus from unfavourable conditions. Q.15. Assertion : Symbiosis is furnished by mycorrhiza. Reason : In mycorrhiza, symbiosis is established between fungus and alga. Instructions for Q. No. 16 - 20 for Q. No. 16 - 20 Read the given passage & answer the following Questions: There are thousands of different eubacteria or 'true bacteria'. They are characterized by the presence of a rigid cell wall, and if motile, a flagellum. The cyanobacteria (also referred to as blue-green algae) have chlorophyll a similar to green plants and are photosynthetic autotrophs. The cyanobacteria are unicellular, colonial or filamentous, freshwater/marine or terrestrial algae. The colonies are generally surrounded by gelatinous sheath. They often form blooms in polluted water bodies. Some of these organisms can fix atmospheric nitrogen in specialized cells called heterocysts, e.g., Nostoc and Anabaena. Chemosynthetic autotrophic bacteria oxidise various inorganic substances such as nitrates, nitrites and ammonia and use the released energy for their ATP production. They play a great role in recycling nutrients like nitrogen, phosphorous. iron and Sulphur.

16. Which of the following can be termed as ‘Photosynthetic Autotrophs’ (a) All monerans (b) Chemosynthetic Bacteria (c) Cyanobacteria (d) All Eubacteria 17. Blue green algae are characterized by : (a) They often form blooms in polluted water bodies.

in humans is also caused by a virus. In plants, the symptoms can be mosaic formation, leaf rolling and curling, yellowing and vein clearing, dwarfing and stunted growth.

21. Viruses are made up of : (a) Proteins & DNA (b) Proteins only (c) Proteins & RNA (d) Proteins & DNA / RNA 22. Bacteriophages are usually : (a) Single stranded DNA viruses (b) Double stranded RNA viruses (c) Double stranded DNA viruses (d) Single stranded RNA viruses 23. Which is not a viral disease of humans : (a) Pneumonia (b) Herpes (c) Mumps (d) Smallpox 24. Select the incorrect statement regarding Capsomeres: (a) Capsomeres are sub-units of Capsid (b) Capsomeres are made of peptidoglycans (c) Capsomeres may be arranged in helix or polyhedron (d) Capsomeres are made of proteins 25. Which of these is not a symptom of viral infection in crops: (a) Leaf rolling (b) Curling of leaf (c) Decay of roots (d) Vein clearing

26. Viroids differ from viruses in having; (a) DNA molecules without a protein coat (b) RNA molecules with a protein coat (c) RNA molecules without a protein coat (d) DNA molecules with a protein coat 27. Which among the following are the smallest living cells, known without a definite cell wall, pathogenic to plants as well as animals and can survive without oxygen? (a) Pseudomonas (b) Mycoplasma (c) Nostoc (d) Bacillus 28. All eukaryotic unicellular organisms belong to (a) Monera (b) Protista (c) Fungi (d) Bacteria 29. The five-kingdom classification was proposed by (a) R.H. Whittaker (b) C. Linnaeus (c) A Roxberg d) Virchow 30. Organisms living in salty areas are called as (a) methanogens (b) halophiles (c) heliophytes (d) thermoacidophiles 31. Naked cytoplasm, multinucleated and saprophytic are the characteristics of (a) Monera (b) Protista (c) Fungi (d) Slime molds 32. An association between roots of higher plants and fungi is called (a) lichen (b) fern (c) micorrhiza (d) BGA 33. A dikaryon is formed when (a) meiosis is arrested (b) the two haploid cells do not fuse immediately (c) cytoplasm does not fuse (d) None of the above

41. Cyanobacteria belong to the kingdom (a) Protista (b) fungi (c) Plantae (d) monera 42. The bacteria that can survive in extreme salty areas are called (a) archaebacteria (b) methanogens (c) eubacteria (d) halophiles 43. Heterocyst is found in (a) Nostoc (b) chrysophytes (c) slime moulds (d) dinoflagellates 44. ‘Diatoms’ the chief producers in the oceans belong to the group (a) chrysophytes (b) dinoflagellates (c) euglenoids (d) slime moulds 45. Bacteria have been put in the kingdom Monera because they are (a) unicellular (b) prokaryotes (c) microscopic (d) decomposers 46. Archaebacteria are considered to be ancient bacteria because they are (a) autotrophs (b) heterotrophs (c) able to survive in extreme conditions (d) unicellular 47. The five-kingdom classification was given by (a) Linnaeus (b) Whittaker (c) Leeuwenhoek (d) John Ray 48 Euglena belongs to the kingdom (a) monera (b) Protista (c) Plantae (d) Animalia

49. Ferns are (a) unicellular prokaryotes (b) unicellular eukaryotes (c) multicellular prokaryotes (d) multicellular eukaryotes 50. The mode of nutrition in Kingdom Fungi is mainly (a) autotrophic (b) heterotrophic (c)saprophytic (d) parasitic