Biomass summarization, Cheat Sheet of Earth science

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biomass

Biomass

Øis a renewable energy source that is derived from living or recently living organisms. Øenergy derived from biomass is mostly u s e d t o g e n e r a t e e l e c t r i c i t y o r t o produce heat Øcan be chemically and biochemically treated to convert it to a energy-rich fuel

Combustion

Combustion is the simplest method by which biomass can be used for energy, and has been used for millennia to provide heat. This heat can be used in a number of ways: qSpace heating qWater (or other fluid) heating for central or district heating or process heat qSteam rising for electricity generation or motive force.

Gasification

Øis a partial oxidation process whereby a carbon source such as coal, natural gas or b i o m a s s , i s b r o k e n d o w n i n t o c a r b o n monoxide (CO) and hydrogen (H 2 ), plus carbon dioxide (CO 2 ). This is achieved by reacting the material at high temperatures (>700°C) without combustion with a controlled amount of oxygen and/or steam. The resulting gas mixture is called syngas.

Fermentation

Øis the process used in brewing and wine making for the conversion of sugars to alcohol (ethanol). The same process, followed by distillation, can be used to obtain pure ethanol (bioethanol) for use as a transport biofuel.

Anaerobic Digestion

Øis the process whereby bacteria break down organic material in the absence of air, yielding a biogas containing methane.

Advantages of Biomass

5. Alcohols and other fuels produced by biomass are efficient, viable, and relatively clean burning.
6. Biomass is easily available and can be grown with relative ease in all parts of the world.

Disadvantages of Biomass

1. Biomass is still an expensive source of energy, both in terms of producing biomass and converting it into alcohols, as a very large quantity of biomass is needed.
2. On a small scale there is most likely a net loss of energy as a lot of energy must be used for growing the plan mass; biomass is difficult to store in the raw form.
3. Over-collecting wood can destroy forests.

Biomass Power Plants

Retrieved from: https://www.google.com.ph/search?q=Pangea+Green+Energy+Philippines,+Inc.&biw= &bih=634&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0CAYQ_AUoAWoVChMIhdi0l7CqyAIVBi2mCh 0rGwui#imgrc=FQYT8SdkLdgNSM%3A ØP a n g e a G r e e n Energy Philippines, Inc. Ø Location : Payatas, Quezon City Ø Installed Capacity: 0.88 MW

Biomass Power Plants

Retrieved from: https://www.google.com.ph/search?q=Pangea+Green+Energy+Philippines,+Inc.&biw= &bih=634&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0CAYQ_AUoAWoVChMIhdi0l7CqyAIVBi2mCh 0rGwui#tbm=isch&q=San+Jose+City+I+Power+Corporation&imgrc=xaCxWNmkWM70kM%3A ØS a n J o s e C i t y I Power Corporation Ø Location : San Jose City, Nueva Ecija Ø Installed Capacity: 24 MW