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BLOODBORNE pathogens trainer certification study guide solution *eBloodborne pathogens of SPECIAL concern* - answer -Hepatitis B virus (HBV) -Hepatitis C virus (HCV) -Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) *e# 1 mode of transmission* - - answer accidental needlestick *eRisk of infection after a positive needlestick**** - answer -HBV ~ 30% if unvaccinated -HCV ~ 2% -HIV ~ 0.3% e*Estimated survival on a surface* - answer -Hepatitis B virus (HBV): 7 days* -Hepatitis C virus (HCV): 16hrs to 4 days** -Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV): a few hours*** *OTHER POTENTIALLY INFECTIOUS MATERIAL* - answer -Semen -Any fluid or tissue containing visible blood -Cerebrospinal fluid -Synovial fluid -Pleural fluid -peritoneal fluid -pericardial fluid -amniotic fluid -saliva in dental procedures -non-intact skin or organs from living dead humans *COMMON WAYS of TRANSMISSION* - answer *IN GENERAL POPULATION* -Sex -Drug users sharing needles *IN HEALTHCARE SETTING:* -Injuries involving needles -Injuries involving other sharps, such as scalpels, broken glass or anything that can pierce, puncture or cut skin *OTHER RISK OF INFECTION* - answer -Mouth, nose, eyes *Broken Skin Includes* -Open cuts -dermatitis -Skin abrasions racne eHIV may lead to AIDS @No threat of contracting HIV through casual contact *is there a vaccine? for HIV?* - answer eNO VACCINE AVAILABLE eTreatable, but not cureable *HBV* - answer -Most people infected recover and clear the infection -About 6% of those infected become chronically infected for life. -Each year, people die from chronic liver disease and liver cancer linked to hepatitis B. A small percentage of those are healthcare workers. *Hepatitis B Vaccine:* - answer -Is given in a series of 3 shots -Is safe -Is very effective at protecting you from getting hepatitis B. *HBV characteristics* - answer One million people infected eVery infectious... -1/3 no symptoms, 1/3 flu-like, 1/3 severe - May cause liver disease, liver cancer, and death BLOODBORNE pathogens trainer certification study guide solutionBLOODBORNE pathogens trainer certification study guide *eHBV Symptoms* - answer - 10% of infected people become infectious for life (active carriers) jaundice, fatigue, abdominal pain, loss of appetite, nausea, vomiting Safe and effective vaccine is available - Many HCW are not vaccinated *HBV Transmission* - answer - Needles (accidental needle stick, drugs, tattoos) - Sex - Contact with body fluids *HCV* - answer -Causes serious liver disease which may present symptoms similar to HEP B. -People who are infected with HEP C may have no symptoms for up to 30 years. Infection may slowly damage the liver. *HCV continued* - answer the most common chronic bloodborne infection in the United States - Affects 4 times more people than HIV - 90% infectious for life (active carriers) *HCV Percentage of chronically infected* - answer 55-85% *HCV symptoms* - answer Asymptomatic for 10 - 20 years -Mimic HBV when they appear BLOODBORNE pathogens trainer certification study guide solutionBLOODBORNE pathogens trainer certification study guide -Engineering Controls -Safe work practices -Personal protective equipment -Housekeeping -Administration of the HEP B Vaccine *ENGINEERING CONTROLS* - answer -Designed to isolate or remove hazards from the workplace *Engineering controls are often technology based include:* - answer -Autoclaves -Sharps disposal containers -Sharps with engineered sharps injury protections -Needleless systems *HAND HYGIENE* - answer -1.)Wet hands -2.)Apply recommended amount of soap -3.)Rub vigorously for a least 15 seconds over all surfaces of hands and fingers. -4.)Rinse thoroughly BLOODBORNE pathogens trainer certification study guide solutionBLOODBORNE pathogens trainer certification study guide -5.)Dry hands completely with a disposable towel -6) Use a dry towel to turn off faucet BLOODBORNE pathogens trainer certification study guide solutionBLOODBORNE pathogens trainer certification study guide 
