Interest Rate Risk & Debt Financing: Swap Tutorial for Firms A and B, Study Guides, Projects, Research of Finance

A tutorial on the swap arrangement between firms a and b, who wish to manage their interest rate risk by converting their fixed and floating rate debts, respectively. The details of the swap arrangement, the motivations of each firm, and the future libor rates at which they will be better off. Additionally, the document discusses a situation where firms raising new debt can benefit from a swap arrangement and explains the concepts of comparative and absolute advantage.

Typology: Study Guides, Projects, Research

2010/2011

Uploaded on 09/10/2011

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Tutorial 4 workshop question
Firm A currently pays a fixed amount of interest of £4.5m pa on the
£100m nominal value of its long term debt. Firm B currently has
£100m nominal of floating rate debt at LIBOR + ½%.
Firm A wishes to switch to a floating rate and firm B wishes to switch
to a fixed rate.
A swap dealer’s bid-ask spread in exchange for LIBOR is 2.95% -
3.15% for firm A and 3% - 3.1% for firm B.
i. Show the details of the swap arrangement, and the net
outcome for the firms and the dealer.
Firm A
Dealer
pays LIBOR + LIBOR
receives 2.95% 2.95% Firm B
+3.1% pays 3.1%
LIBOR receives LIBOR
Net 0.15%
Firm
Existing debt
payments
Pay to
swap
Receive
from swap
Net debt
payments
A 4.5% + LIBOR - 2.95% = LIBOR + 1.55%
B LIBOR+0.5% + 3.1% - LIBOR = 3.6%
Firm A has converted to a floating rate and firm B has converted to a
fixed rate. Dealer earns 0.15% which is the average of the 2 spreads.
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Tutorial 4 workshop question

Firm A currently pays a fixed amount of interest of £4.5m pa on the £100m nominal value of its long term debt. Firm B currently has £100m nominal of floating rate debt at LIBOR + ½%. Firm A wishes to switch to a floating rate and firm B wishes to switch to a fixed rate.

A swap dealer’s bid-ask spread in exchange for LIBOR is 2.95% - 3.15% for firm A and 3% - 3.1% for firm B.

i. Show the details of the swap arrangement, and the net outcome for the firms and the dealer.

Firm A Dealer pays LIBOR + LIBOR receives 2.95% 2.95% Firm B +3.1% pays 3.1% LIBOR receives LIBOR Net 0.15%

Firm

Existing debt payments

Pay to swap

Receive from swap

Net debt payments A 4.5% + LIBOR - 2.95% = LIBOR + 1.55% B LIBOR+0.5% + 3.1% - LIBOR = 3.6%

Firm A has converted to a floating rate and firm B has converted to a fixed rate. Dealer earns 0.15% which is the average of the 2 spreads.

ii. Outline the possible motivations of firm A and of

firm B for entering this swap arrangement.

Each firm wishes to manage interest rate risk, but they

have different expectations of future path of interest

rates.

Firms initially borrowed in markets where they had

comparative advantage, and subsequently switched to

their preferred mode of repayments

If a firm receives floating or fixed revenues from assets

it may wish to match with liabilities.

iii. At what future rates of LIBOR will each firm be

better off than before the swap?

Demonstrate that this is LIBOR<2.95% for A, and

LIBOR>3.1% for B. The difference is the dealer spread.

iv. Explain a situation where firms raising new debt

finance can benefit from a swap arrangement.

Comment on the assumptions you make about

bond markets.

Explain the comparative and absolute advantage arguments –

see lecture notes and read a textbook such as Hull on the

apparent ‘anomaly’ of different rates in different markets.