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DEPARTMENT OF PLANT SCIENCE
DEPARTEMENT PLANTKUNDE
BOT 161
Semester test 2 / Semestertoets 2
DATE / DATUM : 2015-10-13 MARKS / PUNTE : 50
TIME / TYD : 60 Min
EXAMINERS / EKSAMINATORE:
Prof J.J.M Meyer, Dr P le Roux & Mr P Rousseau
The test paper consists of 7 questions on 5 pages. Die vraestel bestaan uit 7 vrae op 5 bladsye.
ļ Answer all questions in either blue or black ink. Do not write or draw in pencil. Beantwoord alle vrae in of blou of swart ink. Moenie in potlood skryf of teken nie.
ļ Do not use correction fluid (Tipp-Ex). Moenie korrigeervloeistof (Tipp-Ex) gebruik nie.
QUESTION / VRAAG 1 : [10]
Which terms of column A fit those of column B the best? Provide you answer by writing down only the matching numbers of column A in column C. Watter terme in kolom A pas die beste by die van kolom B? Verskaf u antwoord deur slegs die passende nommers van kolom A in kolom C neer te skryf.
A B C 1 Alkaloids AlkaloĆÆede
Salisielsuur Salicylic acid
2 Natural form of aspirin Natuurlike vorm van aspirien
Tetrahydrocannabinol Tetrahidrokannabinol
3 Sephadex Sephadex
Isoprene units Isopreen eenhede
4 Codeine KodeĆÆen
Contains 25 alkaloids Bevat 25 alkaloĆÆede
5 Phenolic compounds Fenoliese verbindings
Nitrogen containing compounds Stikstofbevattende verbindings
6 Terpenoids TerpenoĆÆede
Benzene ring and an OH-group Benseenring en ān OH-groep
7 Dagga Dagga
Previously contained cocaine Het vroeĆ«r kokaĆÆen bevat
8 Coca cola Coca cola
Separate molecules on size Skei molekule op grond van grootte
9 Herbarium Herbarium
Methyl ether of morphine Metieleter van morfien
10 Opium Opium
Identification of plant species Identifisering van plantspesies
VRAAG / QUESTION 5 : [8]
5.1 Give any four of the central principles of the ICBN (International Code for Botanical Nomenclature) except for the date of nomenclatural priority (4)
Gee enige vier van die sentrale beginsels van die IKBN (Internasionale Kode vir Botaniese Nomenklatuur), behalwe die datum van prioriteit. (4)
Any four except for Priority of publishing from 1 May 1753
- Independent of zoological and bacteriological codes / Onafhanklik van dierkundige en bakteriƫle
kodes; (mark right if they only name one other code)
- Application of names determined by type (Holotype, isotype) / Toepassing van name gebasseer op
tipes (Holotipe, isotipe)
- Each taxon with a particular circumscription can bear only one correct name , the earliest in
accordance with the rules, except in specified cases (conservation of names) / Elke takson met 'n
spesifieke omskrywing kan slegs een korrekte naam, die vroegste in ooreenstemming met die reƫls, dra,
behalwe in bepaalde gevalle (bewaring van name)
- Names are treated as Latin , irrespective of its origin / Name word behandel as Latyns, ongeag die
oorsprong
- Rules of the code are retrospective back to 1 May 1753 / Die reƫls is terugwerkend tot en met 1 Mei
1753; (Give a mark even if date is absent)
5.2 Give any four character states that distinguish the angiosperms (flowering plants) from all other plant groups
Gee enige vier karakters eienskappe wat die angiosperme (blomplante) van alle ander plant groepe skei. (4) Any four of the following
Sieve tube members, flowers, stamens with 2 theca, ovules enclosed in carpels (or ovary), that develop to
fruit, gametophytes are reduced, male gametophyte very reduced / Sif vaat elemente, blomme, meeldrade
met twee hokke of lobbe, saadknoppe in vrugblare (of die vrugbeginsel) omvou, wat in ān vrug ontwikkel,
gametofiete baie gereduseer of verklein, manlike gametofiet die kleinste in die planteryk.
QUESTION / VRAAG 6 : [5]
Two grasslands are compared. Grassland #1 has 15 plant species, 10 insect species and 5 bird species. Grassland #2 has 25 plant species, 15 insect species and 1 bird species.
In ān vergelyking tussen twee grasvelde het grasveld #1, 15 plantspesies, 10 insekspesies en 5 voĆ«lspesies gehad, terwyl grasveld #2, 25 plantspesies, 15 insekspesies en 1 voĆ«lspesie gehad het.
6.1 Which grassland has higher species diversity?
Watter grasveld het die hoƫr spesiediversiteit? (1) Data on species abundance (or evenness) required to assess diversity, therefore not possible to say. [1]
Nie moontlik om te bepaal nie ā data oor spesies volopheid benodig
6.2 Why is it incorrect to say that Grassland #2 has higher biodiversity?
Waarom is dit verkeerd om te beweer dat die biodiversiteit van grasveld #2 groter is as die van grasveld #1? (1) The grasslands were only compared based on species richness, and therefore not enough data is available [1]
Benodig meer data, want net data oor spesies rykheid is voorsien
6.3 What types of data would be required to determine which grassland has higher biodiversity? Wat se tipes data word benodig om te bepaal watter grasveld die grootste biodiversiteit besit? (3)
Biodiversity has three components, and requires data from all three:
- genetic diversity [1]
- species diversity [1]
- ecosystem (or landscape or habitat) diversity [1]
Biodiversiteit het drie komponente, en vereis data van al drie:
_- Genetiese diversiteit [1]
- Spesie diversiteit [1]
- Ekosisteem (of landskap of habitat) diversiteit [1]_
QUESTION / VRAAG 7 : [6]
7.1 What is the difference between a species realized niche and its fundamental niche?
Verduidelik wat die verskil is tussen die gerealisserdenis van ān spesie en die fundamentelenis van ān spesie? (2)
