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Cardiovascular System: Multiple Choice Questions and Answers, Exams of Cardiology

A.T. Still University of Health Sciences (ATSU)Cardiology

A series of multiple choice questions and answers related to the cardiovascular system. It covers key concepts such as blood flow, heart chambers, valves, electrical conduction, cardiac cycle, and cardiovascular dynamics. The questions are designed to test understanding of basic anatomy, physiology, and function of the cardiovascular system.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 03/12/2025

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Cardiovascular system
1. Blood flows through a network of blood vessels that extend from the
_________________ to the peripheral tissues
a) brain
b) digestive system
c) heart
d) lungs -
✅C
2. Blood is carried away from the heart by:
a) arteries
b) veins
c) capillaries
d) venules -
✅A
3. Capillaries are often called ___________________ as their thin walls permit
exchange of nutrients, dissolved gases and waste products between the blood and
surrounding tissues
a) thin vessels
b) vesicles
c) exchange vessels d) product vessels -
✅C
4. How many muscular chambers does the heart contain?
a) 2
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Cardiovascular system

  1. Blood flows through a network of blood vessels that extend from the _________________ to the peripheral tissues a) brain b) digestive system c) heart d) lungs - ✅C
  2. Blood is carried away from the heart by: a) arteries b) veins c) capillaries d) venules - ✅A
  3. Capillaries are often called ___________________ as their thin walls permit exchange of nutrients, dissolved gases and waste products between the blood and surrounding tissues a) thin vessels b) vesicles c) exchange vessels d) product vessels - ✅C
  4. How many muscular chambers does the heart contain? a) 2

b) 4 c) 6 d) 8 - ✅B

  1. The right atrium passes blood to the right ventricle, which pumps blood into the: a) pulmonary circuit b) systemic circuit c) left ventricle d) left atrium - ✅A
  2. The left atrium empties blood into the left ventricle, which pumps blood into the: a) pulmonary circuit b) systemic circuit c) right atrium d) right ventricle - ✅B
  3. When the heart beats, the ventricles contract at the same time and the right ventricle ejects a _________ amount of blood than the left ventricle. a) equal b) greater c) smaller

b) right ventricle c) left atrium d) left ventricle - ✅A

  1. Which type of cells control and co-ordinate heartbeat? a) contractile cells b) glial cells c) cells of the spinal system d) cells of the conducting system - ✅D
  2. Each heartbeat begins with an action potential generated at a pacemaker called the: a) sinoatrial (SA) node b) atrioventricular (AV) node c) node of Ranvier d) intranode - ✅A
  3. Electrical events of the conducting system can be monitored from the surface of the body by means of an: a) electrocardiogram (ECG) b) electroencephalogram (EEG) c) electroretinogram (ERG) d) electromyogram (EMG) -

✅A

  1. The arrival of an electrical impulse at a cardiac muscle cell membrane produces an _________ (comparable to that in a skeletal muscle fibre), and this triggers the contraction of the cardiac muscle cell. a) graded potential b) synaptic potential c) action potential d) presynaptic potential - ✅C
  2. The period between the start of one heartbeat and the start of the next is called the: a) blood cycle b) cardiac cycle c) refractory period d) latent period - ✅B
  3. In contrast to skeletal muscle, cardiac muscle tissue contracts: a) on its own b) in response to neural stimulation c) in reponse to hormonal stimulation d) irregularly - ✅A
  4. The cardiac conduction system contains each the following elements, EXCEPT: a) conducting cells

c) contractile d) neural - ✅D

  1. Which appears as the ventricles depolarize? a) P wave b) QRS complex c) T wave d) ventricular wave - ✅B
  2. The P-R interval is the time from the start of ________________ to the start of the QRS complex and extension by even 0.2 sec can indicate damage to the conducting pathways or the atrioventricular (AV) node. a) ventricular depolarization b) atrial depolarization c) atrial repolarization d) ventricular repolarization - ✅B
  3. The Q-T interval indicates the time required for the ventricles to undergo a single cycle of depolarization and repolarization and extension may indicate all of the following, EXCEPT: a) damage to the conduction system b) coronary ischemia c) myocardial damage d) cardiovascular fitness -

✅D

  1. The action potential in a contractile cell is different than that observed in a skeletal muscle cell in that it has each of the following distinct steps, EXCEPT: a) rapid depolarization b) a plateau phase c) repolarization d) a synaptic phase - ✅D
  2. An action potential begins when the membrane of ventricular muscle cell reaches threshold (-75 mV) from the resting potential of -90 mV, this results in opening of: a) fast sodium (Na+) channels b) slow sodium (Na+) channels c) slow calcium (Ca2+) channels d) slow potassium (K+) channels - ✅A
  3. The plateau phase of a cardiac action potential last for: a) ~17.5 msec b) ~1 msec c) ~175 msec d) ~1 sec - ✅C
  4. At the end of the plateau phase potassium (K+) channels open leading to a rapid repolarization that restores:

d) 5 - ✅C

  1. Cardiodynamics is NOT dictated by which of the following factors: a) stroke volume (SV) b) heart rate (HR) c) cardiac output (CO) d) glomerular filtration rate (GFR) - ✅D
  2. Cardiac output is an indication of blood flow through peripheral tissues and provides a useful indication of: a) ventricular efficiency b) heart size c) heart beat d) ventricular innervation - ✅A
  3. An increased heart rate is primarily caused by which one of the following: a) increased activity of sympathetic nerves to the heart b) decreased plasma adrenaline (epinephrine) c) cardiac ischemia d) increased activity of parasympathetic nerves to the heart - ✅A
  4. An increased stroke volume is primarily caused by: a) decreased activity of sympathetic nerves to the heart b) increased end-diastolic ventricular volume c) decreased plasma adrenaline (epinephrine)

d) myocardial infarction - ✅B

  1. ____________________ is calculated as the end-diastolic volume (EDV, ~ ml) minus the end- systolic volume (ESV, ~65 ml). a) stroke volume b) cardiac output c) heart rate d) inotropic action - ✅A
  2. The end systolic volume (ESV) is influenced by each of the following, EXCEPT: a) preload b) afterload c) contractility d) conductivity - ✅D
  3. Pressure within the cardiovascular system, the circulatory pressure is often divided into each of the following components EXCEPT: a) blood pressure (BP) b) hydrostatic pressure c) venous pressure d) capillary hydrostatic pressure (CHP) - ✅B
  4. For circulation to occur the pressure gradient must be great enough to overcome the: