Integrated Basic Science
Review
Cardiovascular System-C
Dr. Paul S. Anderson
Copyright – Medical Board Review Services
WHITE CELL DYSCRASIAS
•Multiple Myeloma:
–Lytic lesions / Bone pain
– Plasma cells overproduce Ig’s
•Monoclonal overproduction
–Hypercalcemia
–Bence-Jones proteins in urine
•Hairy Cell Leukemia:
–B cells with hair-like projections
–virus related, pancytopenia
–Middle aged men most common
–Most survive > 10 yrs
WHITE CELL DYSCRASIAS
•Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia: “ALL”
–Most common Leukemia & Cancer in children, peak age 4 yrs,
– (assoc. with virus, Down’s, radiation exposure)
–Remission or cure with tx. Fever / Bone pain,
Hepatosplenomegaly.
•Acute Myeloblastic Leukemia: (AKA: Acute Nonlymphocytic
Leukemia/8 types)
–Most common leukemia in adults 15-39,
–poorly differentiated, live 1 yr with chemotherapy, cure 10 – 15%.
–Auer Rods.
•Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia:
•well-differentiated granulocytic, Philadelphia chromosome,
•25-60, slow for 3 yrs, then blast crisis when 85% die (accelerated
phase).
•May include any cell line. Hepatosplenomegaly, Generalized LA.
•Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia:
–Most common overall Leukemia, and most common after 60.
–well-differ entiat ed B-Cell lymphocytic.
–More males / Never Asian. Few sx., survive 4-6 yrs.
–Acute state RARE unlike CML.
CLOTTING PATHWAYS
Measured by:
PTT
Drugs: Heparin
Measured by
PT/INR
Drugs: Warfarin, ASA,
Vitamin-E, EFA’s
Factors
2-7-9-10
PROTHROMBIN ACTIVATOR
made up of V&X: Started by X alone and V
becomes active with + feedback
Extrinsic Pathway:
Damage outside of
blood vessels.
Intrinsic Pathway:
Blood trauma (turbulence and viscosity) or
collagen and blood contact.
