Download CCNA 200-301 Exam Q&A: Network Fundamentals and VLANs and more Exams Computer Science in PDF only on Docsity!
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What is the default mode for LACP? Answer: Passive Mode What is the default mode for PAgP? Answer: Auto Mode What layer of the TCP/IP model does HTTP belong? Answer: Application Layer What layer of the TCP/IP model does POP3 belong? Answer: Application Layer What layer of the TCP/IP model does SMTP belong? Answer: Application Layer What layer of the TCP/IP model does TCP and UDP belong? Answer: Transport Layer What layer of the TCP/IP model does ICMP belong? Answer: Internet Layer
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What does the Application Layer define? Answer: Does not define the applications itself, but it defines services that applications need. The Application Layer provides an interface between software running on a computer and the network itself. What does the return code 200 mean in an HTTP header? Answer: OK What does the return code 404 mean in an HTTP header? Answer: Not found What layers of the OSI model do not exist in the current TCP/IP model? Answer: Session and Presentation Layers (5 and 6) What standard is 802.3? Answer: Ethernet In an Informal IEEE Standard Name, what does the T stand for (example: 1000BASE-T)? Answer: Unshielded Twisted Pair (UTP)
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What does the twisting of the wires in a UTP cable help solve? Answer: Helps cancel out most of the EMI crosstalk between the wires How many pairs does the 1000BASE-T require? Answer: 4 pairs What is a Gigabit Ethernet Interface Converter (GBIC)? Answer: Original form factor for a removable transceiver for Gigabit interfaces; larger than SFPs What is a Small Form Pluggable (SFP)? Answer: Replacement for GBICs, used on Gigabit interfaces, with a smaller size, taking less space on the side of the networking card or switch What is the primary purpose of a VLAN? Answer: To create a broadcast domain; enable segmentation or isolation of broadcast traffic Unassigned Cisco switch ports remain in which VLAN? Answer: VLAN 1 Do VLANs prevent broadcast storms? Answer:
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No, they minimize the size and effect of the broadcast storm on neighbor switches and hosts What are four advantages to using VLANs? Answer:
- Enable access to network services based on logical requirements
- Network security is optimized with VLANs that enable managing and filtering sensitive traffic from other network traffic
- Bandwidth efficiency is accomplished through segmenting traffic into smaller broadcast domains
- Easier add/move/delete administration of endpoints on a network and scalability for larger enterprise deployments What is the Layer 2 Broadcast Destination Address? Answer: FFFF.FFFF.FFFF What is the Layer 3 Broadcast Destination Address? Answer: 255.255.255. What is VLAN 1 used for and can it be deleted? Answer: Management Traffic; it cannot be deleted What is the normal VLAN range? Answer: VLAN 2 - 1001
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vlan.dat file What commands would you use to globally create and name a VLAN? Answer: vlan # name <name_of_vlan> What is the default switch port mode? Answer: Access port What will switch access ports do with am Ethernet frame it receives with an 802.1q tag? Answer: It will discard the packet without learning the source MAC address What command would you use to configure a range of switch ports? Answer: interface range gigabitethernet#/# - # What command lists all VLANs configured on a switch? Answer: show vlan or show vlan brief What command is used to display the switch ports assigned to a single VLAN? Answer:
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show vlan id When are data messages forwarded to the default gateway? Answer: When the destination subnet is on a different subnet than the endpoint Does the Cisco default switch configuration have an IP default gateway? Answer: No What command is used to create an IP default gateway? Answer: ip default-gateway <ip_address> What is the primary purpose of a switch? Answer: To make forwarding decisions based on destination MAC address List the network services provided by switches
- Only read Ethernet frame headers and forward traffic
- Create and maintain the MAC address table
- Create separate collision domains per switch port
- Create separate broadcast domains per VLAN
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What are the steps when a host sends data to a server on the same VLAN for the first time ? Answer:
- Switch adds the source MAC address of incoming frame if it is not listed in the MAC address table
- Switch does a MAC address table lookup for the destination MAC address
- Switch floods a frame using FFFF.FFFF.FFFF as destination MAC address out all switch ports except the port where the source MAC address was learned
- Server wit the assigned MAC address responds with a frame that lists the MAC address
- Switch updates the MAC address table with the MAC address of the server; That is the destination MAC address for frames sent from the host
- Switch forwards the frames from the host to the server based on the switch port assigned to the server What is Cut-Through Switching? Answer: It is a technique that optimizes performance by examing only the first 6 bytes (destination MAC address) of an Ethernet frame before making a forwarding decision. The switch does a MAC address table lookup for the destination MAC address and forwards the frame. What is the advantage of Cut-Through Switching? Answer: The forwarding decision is made before all of the frame arrives and thereby minimizes latency What is Store-and-Forward Switching? Answer: Traditional switching where the frame is not forwarded until all of the frame has arrived. The switch copies the frame to memory before examining the destination MAC address and forwarding the frame.
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What is CEF? Answer: Cisco Express Forwarding: Layer 3 switching technique that creates FIB and adjacency tables for optimized forwarding. It is only available on routers and switch platforms with routing enabled and the required hardware What is an FIB? Answer: Forwarding Information Base: Used by CEF to mae IP destination prefix-based switching decisions. Conceptually similar to a routing table or information base. It maintains a mirror image of the forwarding information contained in the IP routing table. Which devices can perform frame rewrite? Answer: Layer 3 switches and Wireless LAN Controllers Which devices perform frame switching? Answer: Layer 2 switches and Access Points What are the duplex and speed default settings on a switch port? Answer: auto-negotiation What is the purpose of a switch trunk? Answer: To forward multiple VLANs between switches
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What command sets a range of VLANs to an interface? Answer: switchport trunk allowed vlan <#>-<#> What are the three modes of DTP? Answer: nonegotiate, desirable, auto Is DTP enabled by default on switch ports? Answer: Yes What does a switch port configured with desirable mode do? Answer: Actively sends DTP frames to negotiate trunk with neighbor switch What is the operation of switchport mode access? Answer: Access port only (no trunk) - only one VLAN, two if you include a Voice VLAN What is the operation of switchport mode trunk? Answer: Trunk statically formed and no DTP frames sent What is the operation of switchport mode dynamic auto? Answer: Listens for DTP requests
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What is the operation of switchport mode dynamic desirable? Answer: Listens and sends DTP requests What is the operation of switchport nonegotiate? Answer: Disables DTP What intervals are DTP frames sent? Answer: One second intervals during negotiation and every 30 seconds after that DTP auto mode - auto mode Default, results in no trunk DTP auto mode - desirable mode Trunk negotiated DTP desirable mode - desirable mode Trunk negotiated What does EtherChannel do? Answer:
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What are the options for configuring an EtherChannel? Answer: Static or Dynamic Protocols What is the difference between static and dynamic EtherChannel configurations? Answer: Static does not provide any dynamic trunk negotiation What are the four supported modes of LACP? Answer: On, off, active, and passive What does the channel-group bind? Answer: The port channel interface to an EtherChannel What is a Layer 2 port channel? Answer: Logical interface comprised of EtherChannel access ports or trunk ports How is the Layer 2 port channel created? Answer: It is created automatically based on the channel-group number What are the supported channel-group numbers? Answer: 1 - 4096
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What is a Layer 3 port channel? Answer: Routed logical interface comprised of EtherChannel access ports or trunk ports What is Active mode in LACP? Answer: The active end of the group sends out a LACP frame and initiates the negotiation to form the EtherChannel. Both ends could be active and the result will be the same What is Passive mode in LACP? Answer: Does not initiate the negotiation, it just responds to LACP packets initiated by the other end. If both ends are passive, the EtherChannel would bot be formed What is PAgP? Answer: Port Aggregation Protocol: Cisco proprietary networking protocol, which is used for the automated, logical aggregation of Ethernet switch ports What is a Small Form Pluggable Plus (SFP+)? Answer: Same size as the SFP, but used on 10-Gbps interfaces How many pairs of wires do the 10BASE-T and 100BASE-T use? Answer: 2 pairs
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When would you use a Crossover Cable? Answer: When the endpoints transmit on the same pair When would you use a Straight through Cable? Answer: When the endpoints transmit on different pairs What is auto-mdix? Answer: In Cisco switches, it notices when the wrong cable is used and automatically changes its login to make it work. What is the maximum length of many UTP-based Ethernet standards? Answer: 100 meters What are the layers of a fiber cable inside going outward? Answer: Core, Cladding, Buffer, Strengthener, Outer Jacket What are the layers of a fiber cable outside going in? Answer: Outer Jacket, Strengthener, Buffer, Cladding, Core What is the light source for a fiber cable? Answer:
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Optical Transmitter What is the purpose of the cladding in a fiber cable? Answer: Reflect light back into the core Which mode of fiber cable has around one-fifth the diameter of the other mode? Answer: Single-Mode Fiber What type of light source does Multimode Fiber use? Answer: Light Emitting Diode (LED) What type of light source does Single-Mode Fiber use? Answer: Laser What distance do standards of 10 Gigabit over Fiber allow? Answer: 400 meters What does Multimode fiber improve on? Answer: Improves the maximum distance over UTP and uses less expensive transmitters as compared to single-mode
