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The key concepts related to the fluid mosaic model of cell membrane structure, including the primary structural components (phospholipids and proteins), the characteristics of different types of membrane proteins (peripheral and integral), the role of sugars in cell recognition, the permeability of the membrane to different molecules, the function of carrier proteins and channel proteins, and the principles of diffusion and osmosis. It also discusses the processes of catabolism and anabolism, the laws of thermodynamics, the role of enzymes, and the key steps in cellular respiration, including glycolysis, the citric acid cycle, and the electron transport chain. A quiz or exam review covering a broad range of topics in cell biology and biochemistry.
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The fluid mosaic model of membrane structure suggests that membranes - correct answer are composed of proteins molecules embedded in a fluid bi-layer of phospholipids The primary structual components of teh cell membrane are - correct answer phospholipids and proteins Which of teh following membrane proteins tend to lack hydrophobic regions on their surfaces? - correct answer peripheral membrane proteins Which of the following is true of integral membrane proteins? - correct answer They are usually transmembrane protein The sugars associated with glycoproteins and glycolipids of animal cell membranes - correct answer serve as markers that distinguish one cell from another What kinds of molecules pass through a cell membrane most easily? - correct answer Small hydrophobic Which of the following is a characteristic feature of a carrier protein in a plasma membrane? - correct answer It exhibits a specificity for a particular type of molecule Which of the following molecules would you expect to diffuse through the lipid bi-layer of a plasma membrane most rapidly? - correct answer O Which of the following molecules would you expect to diffuse through the lipid bilayer of a plasma membrane most slowly, if at all? - correct answer an amino acid Which of the following statements about diffusion is correct? - correct answer It is a passive process in which molecules move from a region of higher concentration to a region of lower concentration
Water can move quickly through the plasma membrane of some cells because - correct answer it moves through aquaporin channel proteins Proteins that allow the diffusion of ions across membranes in the direction of their concentration gradients are most likely - correct answer channel proteins Following activation of a receptor, which sequence below represents the correct order in which components will be involved in a signaling pathway that utilizes the second messenger cAMP? - correct answer G PROTEIN -> Adenyl Cyclase -> Camp -> protein kinase Which of the following processes includes all the others? - correct answer Passive transport The cellular process of breaking down large molecules into smaller ones is defined as - correct answer catabolism The cellular process of synthesizing large molecules from smaller ones is defined as - correct answer anabolism Which of the following is a statement of the first law of thermodynamics? - correct answer Energy cannot be created or destroyed Which of the following reactions release energy? - correct answer hydrolysis reactions A chemical reaction that has a positive AG is best described as - correct answer endergonic Which of the following statements is true of enzymes? - correct answer Enzyes generally increase the rate of chemical reactions by lowering activation energy barriers Cooperativity is a form of allosteric activation in which - correct answer binding of a substrate molecule to one active site in a multi-sub unit enzyme stimulates the binding of the substrate molecules to the active site of other sub units
The oxygen atoms used to form water in the complete reactions of cellular respiration are derived from which of the following molecules? - correct answer molecular oxygen (O2) The complete oxidation of two molecules of glucose (C6H12O6) in cellular respiration produces about how many molecules of ATP? - correct answer 60- Which of the following metabolic pathways is common to both aerobic cellular respiration and anaerobic fermentation? - correct answer glycolysis