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Question 1. Which protocol is primarily responsible for translating human-readable domain names into IP addresses? A) HTTP B) DNS C) FTP D) TCP/IP Answer: B) DNS Explanation: The Domain Name System (DNS) translates user-friendly domain names into IP addresses that computers use to locate each other on the internet. Question 2. What is the main function of a web browser's rendering engine? A) Handling HTTP requests B) Parsing HTML, CSS, and executing JavaScript to display web pages C) Managing cookies and local storage D) Establishing TCP connections Answer: B) Parsing HTML, CSS, and executing JavaScript to display web pages Explanation: The rendering engine interprets web content and renders the visual representation of web pages for users. Question 3. Which web server software is known for its high performance and event-driven architecture? A) Apache B) IIS C) Nginx D) Tomcat Answer: C) Nginx Explanation: Nginx is designed for high concurrency and efficiency, making it popular for serving static content and reverse proxying. Question 4. Which URL component specifies the protocol used to access the resource?
A) Path B) Hostname C) Protocol D) Query string Answer: C) Protocol Explanation: The protocol (e.g., http, https) indicates how data is transferred between client and server. Question 5. Which organization develops web standards to ensure interoperability and accessibility? A) W3C B) IEEE C) IETF D) ISO Answer: A) W3C Explanation: The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) develops web standards like HTML, CSS, and ARIA to promote a consistent web. Question 6. Which web vulnerability involves injecting malicious scripts into web pages viewed by other users? A) CSRF B) SQL Injection C) XSS D) Broken Authentication Answer: C) XSS Explanation: Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) involves attackers injecting malicious scripts that run in other users’ browsers. Question 7. What does HTTPS provide that HTTP does not? A) Faster loading times B) Secure encrypted communication via SSL/TLS C) Better browser compatibility
Question 11. Which file transfer protocol provides secure file transfer capabilities? A) FTP B) SMTP C) SFTP D) HTTP Answer: C) SFTP Explanation: SFTP (SSH File Transfer Protocol) encrypts data, unlike FTP, which transmits data in plaintext. Question 12. Which deployment strategy involves automatically building, testing, and releasing code changes? A) Manual deployment B) Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) C) FTP upload D) Manual server configuration Answer: B) Continuous Integration/Continuous Deployment (CI/CD) Explanation: CI/CD automates the process of integrating code changes and deploying them efficiently. Question 13. Which HTML5 semantic element is used to define the main content of a document? A) B) C) D) Answer: C) Explanation: The element specifies the dominant content of the , improving accessibility and structure. Question 14. In HTML forms, which input type is used for secure password entry? A) B)
C) D) Answer: B) Explanation: masks the input, preventing shoulder surfing. Question 15. Which HTML API allows web pages to access a device’s geographical location? A) Drag and Drop API B) Geolocation API C) Web Storage API D) File API Answer: B) Geolocation API Explanation: The Geolocation API provides access to a user’s geographic position. Question 16. Which CSS selector targets elements when the user hovers over them? A) :hover B) :active C) :focus D) :visited Answer: A) :hover Explanation: The :hover pseudo-class applies styles when the user hovers over an element. Question 17. Which CSS layout module provides a flexible way to align and distribute space among items in a container? A) CSS Grid B) Flexbox C) Box Model D) Floats Answer: B) Flexbox
Question 21. Which server-side scripting language is known for its simplicity and wide hosting support, often used with MySQL? A) PHP B) Python C) Node.js D) Ruby Answer: A) PHP Explanation: PHP is widely supported on hosting platforms and integrates seamlessly with MySQL for database operations. Question 22. In Python web frameworks like Django, what pattern is commonly used to map URLs to functions? A) Routing B) ORM C) Middleware D) Templates Answer: A) Routing Explanation: Routing maps URL patterns to specific functions or views that handle requests. Question 23. Which JavaScript runtime environment allows server-side scripting using JavaScript? A) Node.js B) Chrome V C) Electron D) React Native Answer: A) Node.js Explanation: Node.js enables JavaScript execution outside the browser, primarily for server-side applications. Question 24. Which type of database is optimized for storing and querying JSON-like documents?
A) Relational Database B) NoSQL Document Database C) Key-Value Store D) Graph Database Answer: B) NoSQL Document Database Explanation: Document-oriented databases like MongoDB store data in JSON-like documents, allowing flexible schemas. Question 25. Which RESTful HTTP method is used to create a new resource? A) GET B) POST C) PUT D) DELETE Answer: B) POST Explanation: POST requests are used to submit data to create new resources on the server. Question 26. What is the primary purpose of the "Content Security Policy" (CSP) in web security? A) To enforce HTTPS connections B) To prevent cross-site scripting attacks C) To manage user sessions D) To set cookie attributes Answer: B) To prevent cross-site scripting attacks Explanation: CSP restricts sources of executable scripts, reducing XSS vulnerabilities. Question 27. Which web standard organization is responsible for maintaining the HTML and CSS specifications? A) IETF B) W3C C) IEEE
Explanation: The Accept-Language header informs the server of the user’s language preferences. Question 31. What is the primary purpose of a CDN (Content Delivery Network)? A) To host databases B) To serve static content closer to users for faster load times C) To manage DNS records D) To handle user authentication Answer: B) To serve static content closer to users for faster load times Explanation: CDNs distribute content geographically to reduce latency and improve performance. Question 32. Which HTML element is used to define a navigation section? A) B) C) D) Answer: A) Explanation: The element defines a section with navigation links. Question 33. Which CSS property is used to create a flexible container that can arrange items in rows or columns? A) display: flex B) display: grid C) float D) inline-block Answer: A) display: flex Explanation: display: flex turns an element into a flexible box container for layout. Question 34. Which JavaScript method is used to add an event listener to an element? A) addEventListener()
B) attachEvent() C) on() D) bind() Answer: A) addEventListener() Explanation: addEventListener() registers an event handler for specified events on DOM elements. Question 35. In JavaScript, which keyword declares a block-scoped, immutable variable? A) var B) let C) const D) static Answer: C) const Explanation: const declares variables that cannot be reassigned, with block scope. Question 36. Which React concept allows a component to manage and update its own data? A) State B) Props C) Context D) Redux Answer: A) State Explanation: State holds component-specific data that can change over time, triggering re-rendering. Question 37. Which server-side language is often paired with Flask or Django frameworks for web development? A) PHP B) Python C) Node.js D) Ruby Answer: B) Python
C) Encryption D) Validation Answer: A) Authentication Explanation: Authentication confirms who the user is. Question 42. Which principle ensures that web content adapts seamlessly to different screen sizes and devices? A) Accessibility B) Responsiveness C) Security D) Performance Answer: B) Responsiveness Explanation: Responsive design uses flexible layouts and media queries for various devices. Question 43. Which HTML attribute improves accessibility by providing descriptive labels for form inputs? A) name B) id C) aria-label D) class Answer: C) aria-label Explanation: aria-label provides accessible labels for assistive technologies. Question 44. Which CSS layout module allows defining precise grid-based arrangements? A) Flexbox B) Box Model C) CSS Grid D) Floats Answer: C) CSS Grid
Explanation: CSS Grid enables two-dimensional layout control with rows and columns. Question 45. Which JavaScript feature allows splitting a string into an array of substrings? A) join() B) split() C) slice() D) splice() Answer: B) split() Explanation: split() divides a string into an array based on a separator. Question 46. Which React concept enables passing data from a parent component to a child component? A) State B) Props C) Context D) Hooks Answer: B) Props Explanation: Props are used to pass data from parent to child components. Question 47. Which server-side scripting language is known for its use in the Flask and Django frameworks? A) PHP B) Python C) Node.js D) Ruby Answer: B) Python Explanation: Python is the language behind Flask and Django web frameworks. Question 48. Which SQL command is used to insert new data into a table?
Explanation: SSL/TLS encrypts data to prevent eavesdropping and tampering. Question 52. Which DNS record type is used to specify the mail server for a domain? A) A B) CNAME C) MX D) TXT Answer: C) MX Explanation: MX records define the mail exchange servers responsible for email delivery. Question 53. Which web server configuration feature allows hosting multiple websites on a single server? A) Virtual Hosts B) Load Balancing C) Proxying D) SSL Termination Answer: A) Virtual Hosts Explanation: Virtual Hosts enable hosting multiple domains or sites on one server. Question 54. Which HTML5 element is used to embed audio content? A) B) C) D) Answer: B) Explanation: The element embeds sound content in a document. Question 55. Which CSS property would you use to make an element fade in smoothly? A) transition
B) animation C) opacity D) All of the above Answer: D) All of the above Explanation: Transition or animation combined with opacity can create fade effects. Question 56. Which JavaScript method is used to fetch data from an API asynchronously? A) fetch() B) XMLHttpRequest() C) axios() D) Both A and C Answer: D) Both A and C Explanation: fetch() and libraries like axios() are used for asynchronous HTTP requests. Question 57. Which React hook allows a functional component to manage state? A) useState() B) useEffect() C) useContext() D) useRef() Answer: A) useState() Explanation: useState() is used to add state to functional components. Question 58. Which Python framework is known for its simplicity and "batteries included" approach? A) Flask B) Django C) Pyramid D) FastAPI Answer: B) Django
A) Secure cookies B) HttpOnly cookies C) SameSite attribute D) User-Agent binding Answer: D) User-Agent binding Explanation: Binding sessions to user agents can mitigate session hijacking, though it's less common. Question 63. Which is a primary benefit of using HTTP/2 over HTTP/1.1? A) Enhanced security features B) Multiplexing multiple requests over a single connection C) Simplified server configuration D) Better support for legacy browsers Answer: B) Multiplexing multiple requests over a single connection Explanation: HTTP/2 allows multiple requests and responses to be sent simultaneously over one connection, improving performance. Question 64. Which HTML element is used to specify metadata about the document, such as charset and viewport? A) B) C) D) <link> Answer: A) <meta> Explanation: <meta> tags specify metadata like character encoding or viewport settings. Question 65. Which CSS property controls the stacking order of overlapping elements? A) z-index B) position C) float
D) overflow Answer: A) z-index Explanation: z-index determines the stacking order of positioned elements. Question 66. Which JavaScript event is fired when a user clicks on an element? A) onClick B) onHover C) onChange D) onLoad Answer: A) onClick Explanation: onclick event triggers when an element is clicked. Question 67. Which React hook is used to perform side effects such as data fetching? A) useState() B) useEffect() C) useContext() D) useReducer() Answer: B) useEffect() Explanation: useEffect() runs side effects after component render. Question 68. Which server-side language is often used with the Flask web framework? A) PHP B) Python C) JavaScript D) Ruby Answer: B) Python Explanation: Flask is a lightweight web framework for Python. Question 69. Which SQL command modifies existing data in a table?
