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Chapter 10 APES----Chapter 10 APES---Chapter 10 APES
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The tragedy of the commons can be prevented by A. externalities. B. the use of harvest permits. C. the use of public land for grazing. D. fisheries in international waters. - correct answer B. the use of harvest permits. Which is NOT an example of an externality? A. the use of forested watersheds for aquifer purification B. roads maintained with a tax on gasoline C. the use of national forests by private companies D. the use of the atmosphere for air pollution - correct answer B. roads maintained with a tax on gasoline The maximum sustainable yield of a population usually occurs A. at approximately 90 percent of the carrying capacity. B. at the maximum population size. C. at half the carrying capacity. D. at the minimum growth rate. - correct answer C. at half the carrying capacity. Which type of protected land might allow limited mining? A. a habitat management area B. a nature reserve C. a managed resource protected area D. a national monument - correct answer C. a managed resource protected area Which federal agency typically classifies federal lands under its jurisdiction as multiple-use?
I. the Bureau of Land Management II. the United States Forest Service III. the Fish and Wildlife Service A. I, II, and III B. I only C. I and III D. I and II - correct answer A. I, II, and III Which is NOT a problem in rangeland management? A. the high cost of grazing permits B. overgrazing C. fires D. poor soil conditions - correct answer A. the high cost of grazing permits Which is used to reduce the impact of timber harvesting? A. tree plantations B. prescribed burns C. selective cutting D. mechanized logging - correct answer C. selective cutting The use of environmental impact statements was mandated by A. the Endangered Species Act of 1973. B. the Leopold Report in 1963. C. the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969. D. the Clean Air Act of 1963. - correct answer C. the National Environmental Policy Act of 1969. Which is NOT a cause of urban sprawl? A. automobile and highway construction
D. 20 percent of all U.S. land, with 10 percent of it in the west. - correct answer A. 28 percent of all U.S. land, with the majority of it in the west. Which type of protected area is least likely to support tourism and recreation? A. habitat/species management areas B. protected landscapes and seascapes C. national parks D. managed resource protected areas - correct answer A. habitat/species management areas The four major public land management agencies in the United States operate under the principle of multiple use. Which use is common to lands managed by all four agencies? A. mining B. recreation C. grazing D. timber harvesting - correct answer B. recreation For many years, forest fires were suppressed to protect lives and property. This policy has led to A. increased solar radiation in most ecosystems. B. many forest species being able to live without having their habitats destroyed. C. a buildup of dead biomass that can fuel larger fires. D. soil erosion on steep slopes. - correct answer C. a buildup of dead biomass that can fuel larger fires. When we purchase an item, we are charged for the labor and supply costs of producing that item. However,we are not charged for the costs of any environmental damage that occurred in manufacturing that item. Those costs are known as A. externalities. B. environmental mitigation. C. infill.
D. marginal costs. - correct answer A. externalities. Which is NOT an environmental consequence of clear-cutting? A. increased fish populations due to the influx of nutrients into streams B. stands of same-aged trees C. decreased biodiversity due to habitat fragmentation D. increased soil erosion and sedimentation in nearby streams - correct answer A. increased fish populations due to the influx of nutrients into streams Which are environmental impacts of urban sprawl? I. greater reliance on the automobile and increased fossil fuel consumption II. increased consumption of land for housing and highway construction III. loss of valuable farmlands A. I and II B. I, II, and III C. I only D. II only - correct answer B. I, II, and III Which has contributed to urban sprawl over the past 50 years? A. increased availability of public transportation B. migration of people from suburban areas to rural areas C. use of the federal gasoline tax to construct and maintain highways D. lower property taxes in urban areas - correct answer C. use of the federal gasoline tax to construct and maintain highways Which is NOT an environmental benefit of smart growth? A. increased impervious surfaces B. reduced fossil fuel consumption C. increased open space
D. provide public transportation for routes that circle the city in order to encourage driving of personal cars within the city - correct answer D. provide public transportation for routes that circle the city in order to encourage driving of personal cars within the city Which is NOT an example of an externality? A. increased crop pollination around a managed honeybee colony B. air pollution from motor vehicles C. increased housing development in coastal areas D. antibiotic resistance caused by increased use of antibiotics - correct answer C. increased housing development in coastal areas The Galápagos, which is actively maintained to protect native flora and fauna, is an example of a A. habitat/species management area. B. national park. C. protected landscape/seascape. D. strict nature reserve. - correct answer A. habitat/species management area.