Chapter 16 - Special Senses Guided Notes, Exercises of Anatomy

Anatomy & Physiology 1 - Central Ohio Technical College

Typology: Exercises

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Anatomy & Physiology Practice Questions
Chapter 16: The Special Senses
What is the function of the supporting cells of the nasal epithelium?
How do basal cells contribute to olfaction?
Olfactory receptor cells are unique among neurons because they can undergo what process?
Why must the olfactory epithelium have a coating of mucus?
How long would it take for your olfactory receptor cells to adapt to the smell of something
very rotten?
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Anatomy & Physiology Practice Questions

Chapter 16: The Special Senses

What is the function of the supporting cells of the nasal epithelium? How do basal cells contribute to olfaction? Olfactory receptor cells are unique among neurons because they can undergo what process? Why must the olfactory epithelium have a coating of mucus? How long would it take for your olfactory receptor cells to adapt to the smell of something very rotten?

For each of the primary tastes, given an example of a food that strongly represents that taste: Where on the tongue is each of the four types of papillae located? What is the function of supporting cells in taste buds? Sensory receptors can be classified according to the type of stimulus they detect. Which type of receptors are olfactory and gustatory receptor cells? What is the sequence of events from the binding of a tastant molecule to a gustatory hair to the generation of an action potential in a first-order gustatory neuron?

What is lacrimal fluid, and what are its functions? Why does your nose run when you cry? What are the components of the fibrous tunic and vascular tunic? How does melanin assist vision? Which part of the retina produces the sharpest vision when light falls on it?

What is the function of the aqueous humor?  What is the function of the Vitreous body? What separates the anterior and posterior chambers of the eyeball?  What separates the anterior cavity from the vitreous chamber? What is the circulation path of aqueous humor?

What is convergence? Why is it important for human vision? What are the functional similarities between rods and cones?

What is the conversion of cis-retinal to trans-retinal called?

 What is the conversion of trans-retinal to cis-retinal called?

How do photopigments adapt to light and recover in darkness?

Why does a decreased release of glutamate by photoreceptors generate a receptor potential in bipolar cells? -----------> What is the composition of the optic (II) nerve? Light rays from an object in the temporal half of the visual field strike which half of the retina? If you lost your auricles (common in severe burns of the head), how would your hearing be affected? Which structures separate the middle ear from the external ear?

 Which branch of that nerve transmits equilibrium signals?  Which branch transmits auditory signals? Would strongly blowing through a whistle produce sound waves of high or low frequency? High or Low intensity? How are sound waves transmitted from the auricles to the spiral organ? How does the Tympanic Membrane respond to lower intensity sounds?

 How does the Tympanic Membrane respond to low-frequency sounds? If fluid waves in the Cochlea bounced back and forth, sounds would echo inside your cochleae. What stops fluid waves from traveling more than once through the cochlea? What is the pathway for auditory impulses from the cochlea to the cerebral cortex? What is the difference between static and dynamic equilibrium?

Where do axons in the vestibular branch of the vestibulocochlear (VIII) nerve terminate?  What purposes are served by the transmission of equilibrium input to these locations?