Financial Statements and Terms: A Comprehensive Guide, Quizzes of Introduction to Business Management

Definitions for various financial terms related to financial statements, including the balance sheet, income statement, and statements of cash flows. Terms covered include assets, liabilities, equity, current assets and liabilities, net working capital, financial leverage, and capital structure, among others.

Typology: Quizzes

2011/2012

Uploaded on 09/21/2012

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TERM 1
Financial
statements-
DEFINITION 1
statement that provides an accounting-based picture of a
firms financial position
TERM 2
Balance sheet-
DEFINITION 2
the financial statement that reports a firms assets, liabilities,
and equity at a particular point in time
TERM 3
Liquidity-
DEFINITION 3
the ease of conversion of an asset into cash at a fair value
TERM 4
Fixed assets-
DEFINITION 4
assets with a useful life exceeding one year
TERM 5
Current assets-
DEFINITION 5
assets that will normally convert to cash within a year
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Financial

statements-

statement that provides an accounting-based picture of a

firms financial position

TERM 2

Balance sheet-

DEFINITION 2

the financial statement that reports a firms assets, liabilities,

and equity at a particular point in time

TERM 3

Liquidity-

DEFINITION 3

the ease of conversion of an asset into cash at a fair value

TERM 4

Fixed assets-

DEFINITION 4

assets with a useful life exceeding one year

TERM 5

Current assets-

DEFINITION 5

assets that will normally convert to cash within a year

Current liabilities-

obligations of the firm that are due within one year

TERM 7

Liabilities-

DEFINITION 7

funds provided by lenders to the firm

TERM 8

Long-term debt-

DEFINITION 8

obligations of the firm that are due in more than one year

TERM 9

Stockholders equity-

DEFINITION 9

funds provided by the firms preferred and common stock

owners

TERM 10

Preferred stock-

DEFINITION 10

cash that preferred stockholders paid to the firm when it

originally issued stock

Book (or historical cost)

value-

assets are listed on the balance sheet at the amount the firm

paid for them

TERM 17

Market

value-

DEFINITION 17

assets are listed at the amount the firm would get if it sold

them

TERM 18

Income statement-

DEFINITION 18

financial statement that reports the total revenues and

expenses over a specific period of time

TERM 19

Gross profit-

DEFINITION 19

net sales minus cost of goods sold

TERM 20

EBIT-

DEFINITION 20

earnings before interest and taxes

EBT-

earnings before taxes

TERM 22

Net income-

DEFINITION 22

the bottom line on the income statement

TERM 23

Average tax rate-

DEFINITION 23

the percentage of each dollar of taxable income that the firm

pays in taxes

TERM 24

Marginal tax rate-

DEFINITION 24

the amount of additional taxes a firm must pay out for every

additional dollar of taxable income it earns

TERM 25

Statement of cash flows-

DEFINITION 25

financial statement that shows the firms cash flows over a

period of time

Statement of retained earnings-

financial statement that reconciles net income earned during

a given period and any cash dividends paid with the change

in retained earnings over the period

TERM 32

Earnings management-

DEFINITION 32

the process of controlling a firms earnings

TERM 33

Sarbanes-Oxley Act of

DEFINITION 33

requires that any firms senior management must sign off on

the financial statements of the firm, certifying the

statements as accurate and representative of the firms

financial condition during the period covered