Download Networking Fundamentals: Terms and Concepts and more Quizzes Data Communication Systems and Computer Networks in PDF only on Docsity!
Domain Name Service (DNS)
determines IP address for a given URLprovided through a group of name serverstell server URL, host identifies IP & puts into DNS; you can install w/o a host server on your own server computerpeople type URL, this looks up IP address to send you toaddress table-->local --> state (uses hierarchy to find it) TERM 2
routing
DEFINITION 2 identifying which path to have a packet take through a network from sender to receiver TERM 3
centralized routing
DEFINITION 3 1 central computer makes decisions;based on small, mainframe networks TERM 4
decentralized routing
DEFINITION 4 decisions made by each node independently of one another;info exchanged to prepare routing tables TERM 5
static routing
DEFINITION 5 decentralized routinguses fixed routing tables developed by network managersmust be updated when computers are added or removed from network
dynamic routing
decentralized routinguses routing tables at each node that are updated by info exchange (dynamically) TERM 7
distance vector
DEFINITION 7 uses teh least number of hops to decide route of packet TERM 8
link state
DEFINITION 8 uses a variety of information to decide how to route a packet; sophisticated TERM 9
routers
DEFINITION 9 determine path, transmit packets, support communication between devices & protocolscontain: CPU, memory, ports/interfaces, OS TERM 10
using a LAN
DEFINITION 10 info sharing: access to files, exchange info via email, use internetresource sharing: hardware shared by all users: printer, fax, program, circuit, server, scanner, internet connectionsCHEAPER
hubs &
switches
act as "junction boxes" that link cables from several computers into network (4-24 ports)repeat incoming signals TERM 17
access points (APs)
DEFINITION 17 used instead of hubs/switches in a WIRELESS environmentact as a repeater TERM 18
directional
antennas
DEFINITION 18 1mitransmit in 1 direction (focused so stronger & further)inside of exterior wall to reduce security problems TERM 19
cantennas
DEFINITION 19 antennas made from pringles cans TERM 20
NOS (Network Operating System)
DEFINITION 20 software that controls the LAN
NOS Server
Software
runs on network serversenables servers to operate; handles all network functions (DataLink, Network, Application layer functions)REPLACES normal OS on server; optimized for JUST what this server is doingexample: Linux RedHate TERM 22
NOS Client Software
DEFINITION 22 runs on client computersprovides datalink and network layer functionsinteracts with app software and computer's OS; include in most OS packagesexample: WIndows Vista TERM 23
network profiles
DEFINITION 23 kept by serversspecify resources available for use by other computers (data files, printers, etc.) TERM 24
user profiles
DEFINITION 24 one for each user, used for security reasonsdescribe what each user on a LAN has access toincludes access codes assigned to devices & users TERM 25
wired ethernet
DEFINITION 25 standardized as IEEE 802.3used by almost all LANs today
forwarding tables
like routing tables for ethernet addresses of computers TERM 32
learning switch operation
DEFINITION 32 switch starts like simple hub, sends message to everyone; records address of "sender" appropriate "receiver" sends positive acknowledgement & address back; computer learns which address is for which computer TERM 33
MAC with Shared ethernet
DEFINITION 33 uses CSMA/CD (contention-based protocol; collision detector)frames sent by 2 computers at same time risk collision & destruction TERM 34
MAC with Switched ethernet
DEFINITION 34 each circuit shared by a computer and the switchuses CSMA/CD, but each device LISTENS before transmittingswitch STORES 2nd message & sends after 1st is done transmittingno collisions; increased capacity
