ORGANIC CHMEISTRY Chart for basics
Electronic effects
Inductive effect: delocalization of sigma electron
-I withdraw electron: nafarhan sharuk naritik nahemash say NoTo
cyanide and dehydration occur when they drink ketone mixed with
acid ,when hailed Again said aur alchol but yne nahi
N+F3> S+R3 >N+R3 >
N+Cl3>NO2+>CN>CHO>COCH3>COOH>halogens>OR>OH>CΞC
+I donate electron: National Highway Open Caro for 3,2,1
NH-->O-->COO->30>20>10
Effects +I (inc) Carbocation stability (inc) acidic
character(dec) Basic character(dec)
- I Carbocation stability (dec) basic character (dec)
acidic character (inc)
Resonance or mesomeric effect: delocalization of π electron in
conjugated system
-R effect: NO to Cyanide So ReALLy if Keto mixed with Any Ester or
Acid it form Amide(meta directing group)
NO2+>CN-->SO2R+>CHO>C=O>anhydride > ester>
alkoxy>acid>amides
+R effect: Oh 1 and 2 ani and amide ester ko phn karke halo bolo
(o/p directing group)
O-> 10 >20 aniline >OR> amide>ester> phenyl>halogens
Hperconjugation: more @ hydrogen more stability of alkene
RXN INTERMEDIATES
Carbocations:
Carbanions stability:
Stability order of free radicles
electroni
c effects
permanent
resonance hyperco
njugatio
n
temperory
electromeric
inductive
