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This CHEM 103 Exam Study Guide provides a comprehensive collection of practice-style chemistry questions with detailed explanations, designed to help students prepare effectively for quizzes, midterms, finals, and coursework assessments. The material is organized around core concepts commonly covered in CHEM 103 introductory chemistry courses, helping students strengthen understanding through step-by-step problem solving and concept-based review. Each question includes a clear explanation to support comprehension and improve confidence before exams. TOPICS COVERED Atomic structure and periodic trends Chemical bonding and molecular structure Stoichiometry and mole calculations Chemical reactions and equations Acids, bases, and pH States of matter and gas laws Thermochemistry and energy changes
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H - ANSWER ✔✔Hydrogen He - ANSWER ✔✔Helium Li - ANSWER ✔✔Lithium Be - ANSWER ✔✔Beryllium B - ANSWER ✔✔Boron C - ANSWER ✔✔Carbon N - ANSWER ✔✔Nitrogen O - ANSWER ✔✔Oxygen F - ANSWER ✔✔Fluorine Ne - ANSWER ✔✔Neon Na - ANSWER ✔✔Sodium
Mg - ANSWER ✔✔Magnesium Al - ANSWER ✔✔Aluminum Si - ANSWER ✔✔Silicon P - ANSWER ✔✔Phosphorus S - ANSWER ✔✔Sulfur Cl - ANSWER ✔✔Chlorine Ar - ANSWER ✔✔Argon K - ANSWER ✔✔Potassium Ca - ANSWER ✔✔Calcium Atomic Number - ANSWER ✔✔# of protons Anion - ANSWER ✔✔Negative ions formed when an atom or groups of atoms gains one or more electrons Cation - ANSWER ✔✔Positive ions formed when an atom or groups of atoms gains one or more electrons Mass Number - ANSWER ✔✔# of protons + # of neutrons
I - ANSWER ✔✔Iodine Sn - ANSWER ✔✔Tin Pb - ANSWER ✔✔Lead Hg - ANSWER ✔✔Mercury Fe - ANSWER ✔✔Iron Cu - ANSWER ✔✔Copper Zn - ANSWER ✔✔Zinc Ag - ANSWER ✔✔Silver Au - ANSWER ✔✔Gold Law of Conservation of Mass - ANSWER ✔✔∙The mass of the products in a chemical reaction must equal the mass of the reactants 1A - ANSWER ✔✔Alkali metals 2A - ANSWER ✔✔Alkaline earth metals 7A - ANSWER ✔✔Halogens
8A - ANSWER ✔✔Noble Gases What was Dmitri Mendeleev's main contribution to our modern understanding of chemistry? - ANSWER ✔✔Mendeleev was the first person to organize the elements into what we would recognize as a version of the modern periodic table. Elements named after countries - ANSWER ✔✔Francium, Americium, Polonium Elements named after properties of the elements - ANSWER ✔✔Bromine, Argon Elements named after scientists - ANSWER ✔✔Curium, Mendelevium What are the main ideas in the nuclear theory of the atom? - ANSWER ✔✔∙An atom is electrically neutral, so the number of negative particles (electrons) is equal to the number of positive particles (protons). ∙An atom is almost entirely empty space, which is occupied by extremely small, negatively charged particles called electrons. ∙The positive charge of an atom is located in the center of the atom called the nucleus, which also contains nearly all of the mass of the atom. Law of Conservation of Energy - ANSWER ✔✔∙Energy cannot be created nor destroyed ∙The total amount of energy in the universe always remains constant Kinetic Energy - ANSWER ✔✔Energy related to the motion of a body
