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Clinical Phlebotomy
Prior to performing a venipuncture, why is it important to get information about whether or not the patient has eaten recently? - correct answer Laboratory tests can be affected by the ingestion of food and drink. Which of the following helps with needle phobia? - correct answer Show compassion. If a patient is obese, what special equipment, if any, would be helpful in the specimen collection process? - correct answer a large blood pressure cuff. When a patient has "difficult" veins, which strategy can be used to improve the likelihood of a successful puncture? - correct answer Use ultrasound for vein mapping. How do arteries differ from veins? - correct answer Arteries pulsate. If arm veins cannot be used for venipuncture, the preferred alternative veins are found in the... - correct answer dorsal side of the hand or wrist Where should the tourniquet be placed on the patient during the venipuncture procedure? - correct answer 3 to 4 inches above the venipuncture site. During typical venipuncture, the needle should be inserted at what angle to the skin? - correct answer 30 degrees or less. During the venipuncture procedure, what should the phlebotomist do after the needle is inserted and blood begins to flow? - correct answer Release the tourniquet. When the evacuated tube method is used for venipuncture, what is the correct order of collection for the following tubes: blood culture tubes, coagulation tube,
and hematology tube. The order of tubes should be by the color of their closures. - correct answer yellow, light blue, and lavender. What information is essential for labeling a patient's specimen? - correct answer the patient's first and last name and identification number, date and time of collection and the phlebotomist's initials. The term STAT refers to? - correct answer emergency specimens. Why is it important to get patient information about latex sensitivity? - correct answer In case of patient latex sensitivity, health care worker can use non-latex tourniquet, gloves, and bandages. The first step in the identification process is... - correct answer Ask the patient to state and spell his or her name and give his or her birth date. If a patient is frail and has a tendency to faint, what equipment, if any, would be helpful in the specimen collection process? - correct answer a recliner. If a patient has a bruise in the antecubital area of his right arm (his non dominant arm), what alternate site should be considered? - correct answer The atecubital area of the left arm. One reason for hematoma formation during venipuncture is that the... - correct answer Needle is partially inserted in the vein. If a venipuncture procedure is almost completed and suddenly you see hints of a hematoma beginning to form, what should you do? - correct answer Discontinue the procedure and apply pressure with gauze. How many more times should a phlebotomist try to perform a venipuncture on a patient if he has failed once already? - correct answer Once. When using the syringe method to collect a blood specimen, how is the blood added into additive and nonadditive tubes? - correct answer Using a syringe transfer
What additives prevent coagulation of blood by removing calcium through the formation of insoluble calcium salts? - correct answer EDTA, potassium oxalate, sodium citrate What needle gauges has the smallest diameter? - correct answer 23 Sharps disposal containers contain what? - correct answer a biohazard sign A blood cell count requires whole blood to be collected in a ... - correct answer lavender-topped tube What tests usually requires blood collected in a tan-topped blood collection tube? - correct answer lead What is a commonly used intravenous device that is sometimes used in the collection of blood from patients who are difficult to collect blood from by conventional methods? - correct answer butterfly needle The color coding for needles indicates the... - correct answer gauge What anticoagulants is found in a green-topped blood collection tube? - correct answer sodium heparin What is an anticoagulant used in blood donations? - correct answer citrate- phosphate-dextrose Don, a phlebotomist, was diagnosed with latex allergy. Which of the following actions should he take? - correct answer avoid areas where powdered latex gloves are being used What blood collection tubes is most appropriate for the sterile blood collection of trace elements and nutritional studies? - correct answer royal-blue-topped tube
Which of the following blood collection tubes is most appropriate for the collection of blood for a DIFF? - correct answer purple-topped tube How many times should the lavender-topped blood collection tube be inverted after blood collection? - correct answer 8 to 10 times What additives is not in a gray-topped blood collection tube? - correct answer sodium citrate Which of the following blood collection tubes is most appropriate for blood bank collections? - correct answer pink-topped tube True or False. When preparing a patient for a venipuncture procedure, phlebotomists should reassure the patient by saying, "This won't hurt at all." - correct answer False True or False. Specimen tubes should always be pre-labeled with patient information. - correct answer False True or False. HIV, HBV, and HCV are blood-borne pathogens. - correct answer True True or False. TDM refers to thyroid disease measures. - correct answer False True or False. The preferred way to stop blood flow is to ask the patient to hold a cotton ball over the site until it stops. - correct answer False True or False. If a patient is healthy and strong, she can be allowed to stand at a counter during the venipuncture procedure to speed up the process. - correct answer False True or False. After a venipuncture on a 1-year-old child, be sure to give them a colorful bandage. - correct answer False True or False. Recapping needles after a venipuncture is acceptable in many cases. - correct answer False
True or False. The gray/yellow-topped vacuum blood collection tube contains the additive thrombin. - correct answer True ________ collection tubes are not desirable since risk of exposure to bloodborne pathogens is increased due to possible breakage. - correct answer Glass A mucopolysaccharide, ________, prevents blood clotting by inactivating thrombin and Factor X. - correct answer Heparin The lavender-topped blood collection tube contains the additive ________. - correct answer EDTA The tan-topped blood collection tube is used for ________ determinations. - correct answer Lead Sodium ________ is contained in green-topped blood collection tubes. - correct answer Heparin The ________ number indicates the diameter of the needle. - correct answer Gauge The most common butterfly needle sizes are 21- and ________ gauge. - correct answer 23 The ________ provides a barrier to slow down venous flow for use in venipuncture. - correct answer Tourniquet Disposable, sterile ________ that are retractable are used to avoid bloodborne pathogen exposure. - correct answer Lancets For infants, a depth of less than ________ mm on heel sticks is recommended to avoid penetrating bone. - correct answer 2.
All hospitalized patients should have a(n) ________ identification number. - correct answer Unique The order for a laboratory test is often called a requisition or ________. - correct answer A collection request Every blood specimen should be treated as if it were hazardous and ________. - correct answer Infectious One way to cleanse your hands prior to phlebotomy is to use a(n) ________-based hand sanitizer. - correct answer Alcohol When washing hands with soap and water prior to performing a venipuncture, ________ soap should be used. - correct answer Antimicrobial Phlebotomists should monitor the patient closely during venipuncture because some patients may feel ________, nauseous, or queasy. - correct answer Faint After a venipuncture procedure, activation of the ________ device will prevent accidental needlesticks. - correct answer Safety CPR stands for ________. - correct answer cardiopulmonary resuscitation Paper and plastic wrappers that accumulate during the venipuncture procedure may be discarded in a(n) ________. - correct answer Waste basket A blood specimen can be rejected if the collection tube is out-of-date. Another term for this is ________. - correct answer Expired If a lavender-topped tube is underfilled, what problems can be encountered in the patient's test results? - correct answer If a lavender-topped tube is underfilled, the test results will show falsely low bloodcell count, falsely low hematocrits, staining alterations on blood smears, erroneous morphological charges to RBC's
