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Star Quality
Word Focus page 32
3.1 heir (n) /eə/ the person who takes sb’s place or title when that person dies ●^ Prince Charles is the heir to the British throne and will become king when his mother dies. 3.2 title (n) /ˈtaɪtl/ a word like Mr or Mrs that is used before sb’s name ● (^) In the box on this form where it says ‘’title’’, you should write Mrs, Miss or Ms. 3.3 barricade (v) /ˈbærɪkeɪd/ prevent people from coming into a place by blocking the entrance ●^ The armed robbers barricaded the door of the bank to keep the police out. ➣ barricade (n) 3.4 venom (n) /ˈvenəm/ poison from a snake, insect or spider ● The venom of many snakes is fatal unless you have an antidote. ➣ venomous (adj) 3.5 quest (n) /kwest/ a search ●^ Archaeologists are on a quest for knowledge about the past. 3.6 sacred (adj) /ˈseɪkrɪd/ holy; connected to God ●^ Some animals are considered to be sacred. 3.7 holy (adj) /ˈhəʊli/ connected to God ●^ The old lady kissed the holy icon. ➣ holiness (n)
Reading pages 32– 3.8 burial place (n) /ˈberɪəl pleɪs/ where sb who has died is buried; a grave ● The Pyramids of Giza in Egypt are the burial places of pharaohs. 3.9 celebrity (n) /səˈlebrəti/ a famous person ●^ My favourite celebrity is George Clooney. ➣ celebrate (v), celebration (n), celebratory (adj) 3.10 household name (n) /ˈhaʊshəʊld neɪm/ well-known person ●^ Julius Caesar is a household name, being one of the most famous ancient Romans. 3.11 stage (n) /steɪʤ/ the place where actors perform in a theatre ● (^) Our theatre seats were at the front, so we had a good view of the stage. 3.12 royal (adj) /ˈrɔɪəl/ connected to a king or queen ● King Juan Carlos was the head of the Spanish royal family. ➣ royal, royalty (n)
3.13 inspiration (n) /ɪnspəˈreɪʃn/ sth that gives you a new idea ●^ Ancient Egypt has been the inspiration for many Hollywood movies. ➣ inspire (v), inspirational (adj) 3.14 monitor (v) /ˈmɒnɪtə/ check the progress of sb or sth ●^ This machine monitors the changes in temperature during the day. 3.15 orbit (v) /ˈɔːbɪt/ move around a planet, moon or sun ● A new satellite has been launched and will orbit Earth for the next ten years. ➣ orbit (n) 3.16 asteroid (n) /ˈæstərɔɪd/ a rock in space ●^ Some scientists believe an asteroid fell to Earth and ended the age of the dinosaurs. 3.17 silhouette (n) /sɪlʊˈet/ a dark shape seen against a light background ● (^) Behind the curtain, I could see a silhouette moving. 3.18 coin (n) /kɔɪn/ a piece of metal which is money ● (^) I paid for my coffee with a two-euro coin. 3.19 persuasiveness (n) /pəˈsweɪsɪvnəs/ the ability to influence sb’s ideas, opinions or actions ● With great persuasiveness she got her dad to let her go on holiday with her friends. ➣ persuade (v), persuasion (n), persuasive (adj), persuasively (adv) 3.20 pleasant (adj) /ˈpleznt/ friendly and polite ●^ Her son seemed a pleasant young man. ➣ please (v), pleased (adj), pleasure (n) 3.21 stringed instrument (n) /strɪŋd ˈɪnstrəmənt/ a musical instrument with strings, e.g. a violin ● (^) He plays two stringed instruments, the guitar and the cello. 3.22 charm (n) /ʧɑːm/ a quality which makes you like or feel attracted to sb or sth ●^ He has a lot of charm and everyone enjoys his company. ➣ charm (v), charming (adj) 3.23 looks (pl n) /lʊks/ appearance ● Some people try to improve their looks with expensive plastic surgery. 3.24 murder (n) /ˈmɜːdə/ the crime of killing a person ●^ The murder of John Lennon shocked the world. ➣ murder (v), murderer (n) 3.25 decade (n) /ˈdekeɪd/ a period of ten years ●^ The country’s economy has improved in the past decade. 3.26 forces (pl n) /ˈfɔːsɪz/ army (a group of soldiers) ●^ Alexander the Great led his forces into battle against the Persians.
Star Quality
3.27 defeat (v) /dɪˈfiːt/ beat ●^ The Allies defeated the Germans in both world wars of the twentieth century. ➣ defeat (n)
3.28 mausoleum (n) /mɔːzəˈliːəm/ a building where the members of a rich family are buried ●^ The dead king was placed in the mausoleum with his ancestors.
3.29 commit suicide (expr) /kəˈmɪt ˈsuːɪsaɪd/ kill yourself ● It is said that Marilyn Monroe committed suicide. However, some people think she didn’t actually kill herself, but was murdered.
3.30 bury (v) /ˈberi/ put sb who has died in a grave ● When she died, her family buried her next to her husband. ➣ burial (n)
3.31 location (n) /ləʊˈkeɪʃn/ the place where sth is situated ●^ I would love to discover the location of the tomb of Alexander the Great. ➣ locate (v)
3.32 grave (n) /greɪv/ the place where a dead person is buried ● (^) We placed flowers on the grave and said our goodbyes to Grandma.
3.33 remain (v) /rɪˈmeɪn/ continue to be sth ● The situation remains unchanged.
3.34 ancestor (n) /ˈænsestə/ a member of your family who lived a long time ago ● Queen Victoria was the ancestor of Queen Elizabeth II.
3.35 site (n) /saɪt/ a place where something important happened ● (^) The Pyramids are one of the most well-known archaeological sites in the world.
3.36 earthquake (n) /ˈɜːθkweɪk/ shaking of the ground ●^ The earthquake shook our flat and all my books fell off the shelf.
3.37 tidal wave (n) /ˈtaɪdl weɪv/ a very large wave often caused by an earthquake at sea; a tsunami ● An earthquake and tidal wave hit Japan in 2011.
3.38 rising seas (pl n) /ˈraɪsɪŋ siːz/ ocean levels which are going up ● Rising seas could lead to flooding in many coastal cities.
3.39 man-made (adj) /ˈmæn-meɪd/ caused by people ●^ Pollution is a man-made problem caused partly by the burning of fossil fuels.
3.40 excavation (n) /ekskəˈveɪʃn/ digging for antiquities ●^ In 1922, an excavation in Egypt revealed the tomb of the Pharoah Tutankhamun. ➣ excavate (v)
3.41 fail (to) (v) /feɪl (tə)/ be unsuccessful when you try to do sth ● They failed to come up with a better plan. ➣ failure (n) ✎ Opp: succeed (in)
3.42 tomb (n) /tuːm/ a large grave ● The tomb of Philip II was excavated by Manolis Andronikos. 3.43 put forward (phr v) /pʊt ˈfɔːwʊd/ suggest for discussion ●^ The student put forward the idea that a field trip to the site would be interesting. 3.44 lecturer (n) /ˈlekʧərə/ a teacher at a university ●^ Professor Stems is a university lecturer in biology. ➣ lecture (v, n) 3.45 antiquities (n) /ænˈtɪkwətiːz/ objects from ancient times ● (^) The museum has an amazing collection of Greek antiquities. ➣ antique (n, adj) 3.46 access (n) /ˈækses/ the right or ability to enter a place ● The only access to the tomb is down this ladder and through that tunnel. ➣ access (v), accessible (adj) 3.47 mention (v) /ˈmenʃn/ talk about ●^ The lecturer mentioned that we should go to the library for more information. 3.48 in advance (expr) /ɪn ədˈvɑːns/ before something happens ●^ We booked tickets for the concert a month in advance. 3.49 convinced (adj) /kənˈvɪnst/ feeling certain that sth is true ●^ The archaeologist was convinced that there were more tombs in the area. ➣ convince (v), convincing (adj) 3.50 lie (v) /laɪ/ be located in a particular place ● Epidavros lies to the south of Corinth. 3.51 alongside (prep) /əˌlɒŋˈsaɪd/ next to ●^ You can park your car alongside ours. 3.52 victorious (adj) /vɪkˈtɔːriəs/ having won ●^ The victorious forces marched through the streets of the city they had taken. ➣ victory, victor (n) 3.53 enemy (n) /ˈenəmi/ sb who is against you ●^ France and Germany were enemies during World War II. 3.54 (the) press (n) /(ðə) pres/ newspapers and magazines ●^ She said she’d go to the press with her story unless they gave her money.
People
celebrity heir
household name ancestor
Archaeology
burial place coin
site excavation
tomb
3.83 comment (n) /ˈkɒment/ sth you say; a remark ●^ The prime minister made a comment about the debt crisis on his blog. ➣ comment (v)
3.84 privacy (n) /ˈprɪvəsi/ when you are alone and other people cannot see or hear you ● The problem with being famous is that you rarely get any privacy. ➣ private (adj)
3.85 in the public eye (expr) /ɪn ðə ˈpʌblɪk aɪ/ receiving a lot of attention in newspapers, on TV, etc. ● As the President’s wife, she is constantly in the public eye.
3.86 reveal (v) /rɪˈviːl/ make people aware of sth ●^ The newspaper revealed the star’s secret. ➣ revelation (n)
3.87 highly (adv) /ˈhaɪli/ very ●^ Dolphins are highly intelligent animals.
3.88 guard (v) /ɡɑːd/ keep sb or sth safe from other people or danger ● (^) The house was guarded by a large dog. ➣ guard (n)
Adjectives to describe people
accomplished gifted influential
notorious qualified
Grammar page 35
3.89 review (n) /rɪˈvjuː/ a report in the media giving an opinion of a book, film, etc ●^ The reviews for Joanne Harris’ new book are mixed, but the Guardian recommends it. ➣ review (v), reviewer (n)
3.90 contestant (n) /kənˈtestənt/ sb who takes part in a competition ● (^) The contestant who won received 5,000 euros. ➣ contest (n)
3.91 go around (phr v) /gəʊ əˈraʊnd/ circulate ● There’s a rumour going around that the famous couple is splitting up.
3.92 stadium (n) /ˈsteɪdɪəm/ a building for sports with a playing field surrounded by many seats ● We watched the athletics at the Olympic stadium.
3.93 start out (phr v) /stɑːt aʊt/ begin ● He started out as a mechanic, but ended up as a Formula 1 driver.
3.94 land (n) /lænd/ a country or region ●^ People say that America is the land of freedom.
3.95 aviator (n) /ˈeɪvieɪtə/ a pilot ●^ Amelia Earhart was the first woman aviator to fly solo across the Atlantic. ➣ aviation (n)
3.96 explorer (n) /ɪkˈsplɔːrə/ sb who travels to new places to find out about them ●^ Dutch explorers were the first Europeans to discover Australia and they named it New Holland. ➣ explore (v), exploration (n) 3.97 amateur (adj) /ˈæmətə/ doing an activity for pleasure, not as a job ● (^) He is an amateur photographer but hopes to become professional one day. ➣ amateur (n) 3.98 parachute (n) /ˈpærəʃuːt/ a large piece of cloth which allows you to float to the ground from a plane ●^ He made his first parachute jump from a plane when he was twenty. ➣ parachute (v), parachutist (n) 3.99 cosmonaut (n) /ˈkɒsmənɔːt/ an astronaut from the former Soviet Union ● (^) Yuri Gagarin was the first cosmonaut to go into space. 3.100 spacecraft (n) /ˈspeɪskrɑːft/ a vehicle designed to travel in space ● (^) The Americans sent the first spacecraft to the moon in 1969. 3.101 launch (v) /lɔːnʧ/ send a spacecraft into the sky or into space ● Spacecraft need tons of fuel to be launched into space. ➣ launch (n) 3.102 mission (n) /ˈmɪʃn/ an important job that involves travelling somewhere ● The astronaut’s mission was to repair part of the space station.
More people
agent aviator contestant cosmonaut enemy
explorer fan lecturer warlord
Listening page 36 3.103 royalty (n) /rɔɪəlti/ kings, queens and their families ●^ The event was attended by royalty and politicians. ➣ royal (adj) 3.104 fixed (adj) /fɪkst/ not changing ●^ She has fixed ideas about how children should be brought up. 3.105 entertainment (n) /entəˈteɪnmənt/ performances that give people pleasure ● That film was great entertainment. ➣ entertain (v), entertainer (n), entertaining (adj) 3.106 industry (n) /ˈɪndəstri/ the companies and people involved in producing a particular type of thing or providing a particular service ● The tourist industry is important to the country’s economy. ➣ industrial (adj)
3.120 meet expectations (expr) /miːt ˌekspekˈteɪʃnz/ be as good as sb hopes ● The film met my expectations and I enjoyed it as much as I thought I would. 3.121 criticism (n) /ˈkrɪtɪsɪzm/ disapproval; judgement ● The documentary about the Greek Revolution of 1821 received a lot of criticism. ➣ criticise (v), critic (n), critical (adj) 3.122 split up (phr v) /splɪt ʌp/ separate ● Many Hollywood couples split up; it seems the pressure of fame makes it hard to stay in a relationship.
3.123 in public (expr) /ɪn ˈpʌblɪk/ If you do something in public, you do it where people can see you. ●^ Michael Jackson sometimes wore masks when he went out in public. 3.124 in private (expr) /ɪn ˈpraɪvɪt/ If you do something in private, you do it where people cannot see you. ●^ The star is much friendlier in private in the comfort of his own home. 3.125 under pressure (expr) /ˈʌndə ˈpreʃə/ feeling stressed ●^ On the opening night of the play, the actors felt under pressure to perform well. 3.126 at a price (expr) /æt ə praɪs/ not for free ●^ You lose your privacy when you become famous, which is why they say fame comes at a price. 3.127 agent (n) /ˈeɪʤənt/ sb who represents sb else and helps them find work ● The first thing you must do is get an agent who will find acting work for you. ➣ agency (n) 3.128 on sb’s behalf (expr) /ɒn ˈsʌmbədɪz bɪˈhɑːf/ instead of sb ● Martin can’t be here tonight, so on his behalf I want to thank you for this award. 3.129 press conference (n) /pres ˈkɒnfərəns/ a meeting when an important person answers reporters’ questions ●^ The mayor held a press conference to announce the new plan. 3.130 to one’s astonishment (expr) /tʊ wʌnz əˈstɒnɪʃmənt/ to sb’s great surprise ●^ To our astonishment, Rihanna walked into the shop. 3.131 by all accounts (expr) /baɪ ɑːl əˈkaʊnts/ according to a lot of people ●^ By all accounts, he is an unpleasant man, but I will decide when I meet him. 3.132 behind the scenes (expr) /bɪˈhaɪnd ðə siːnz/ when nobody is looking ●^ The actors seemed to get on well together, but behind the scenes they fought all the time. 3.133 without a doubt (expr) /wɪθˈaʊt ə daʊt/ for certain ●^ Without a doubt, Martin Scorsese is a gifted director. ✎ Also: doubtless
3.107 live up to (expr) /lɪv ʌp tuː/ be as good as sb hopes ●^ I expected a great film, but the last Harry Potter movie didn’t live up to my expectations.
3.108 resemble (n) /rɪˈzembl/ look like sb or sth ● Mandy resembles her mother. ➣ resemblance (n)
Speaking page 37
3.109 have in common (expr) /həv ɪn ˈkɒmən/ have the same interests as sb; be like sb in a certain way ● I like spending time with her – we have a lot in common.
Grammar page 38
3.110 vanish without a trace (expr) /ˈvænɪʃ wɪˈðaʊt ə treɪs/disappear suddenly without leaving any sign ● Many ships have vanished without a trace in the Bermuda Triangle.
3.111 break in (phr v) / breɪk ɪn/ enter a place by force, usually in order to steal sth ● Somebody broke into my office and stole my laptop. ➣ break-in (n)
3.112 regret (v) /rɪˈɡret/ feel sorry about sth you did or did not do ● I don’t regret what I said to him, so I’m not going to apologise. ➣ regret (n), regretful (adj)
3.113 remove (v) /rɪˈmuːv/ take off (e.g. clothes, glasses) ● Please remove your shoes before you enter. ➣ removal (n)
3.114 audition (v) /ɔːˈdɪʃn/ give a short performance so that sb can judge if you are good enough to act in a play, sing in a concert etc ●^ You will have to audition for the role. ➣ audition (n)
3.115 lamp post (n) /læmp pəʊst/ a tall pole that supports a light over a public area ●^ The street lights on the lamp posts light up after dark.
Use your English page 39
3.116 come in for (phr v) /kʌm ɪn fɔː/ receive ● People didn’t like his latest film and it came in for a lot of criticism.
3.117 look down on (phr v) /lʊk daʊn ɒn/ have a low opinion of ● Dad looks down on pop musicians, but I really admire them.
3.118 circulate (v) /ˈsɜːkjʊleɪt/ go around ● News of the scandal circulated fast as soon as the press got hold of it.
3.119 trend (n) /trend/ the way sth is changing or developing ● (^) There’s a trend towards more violent computer games. ➣ trendy (adj)
3.160 fool (n) /fuːl/ an idiot ●^ Only a fool would go out in the cold without a coat. ➣ foolish (adj)
3.161 warlord (n) /ˈwɔːlɔːd/ the leader of an unofficial military group ●^ The warlords fought each other for years.
3.162 respect (my) elders (expr) /rɪˈspekt (maɪ) ˈeldəz/ treat older people politely and admire them ● You should respect your elders; they have more experience than you.
3.163 dynasty /ˈdɪnəsti/ a family of kings and queens who have controlled a country for many years ● The Shahi dynasty controlled India for centuries.
3.164 foundation (n) /faʊnˈdeɪʃn/ basis ● Ancient Greek philosophy is at the foundation of modern European thought.
3.165 moral (adj) /ˈmɒrəl/ relating to ideas about what is right and wrong behaviour ●^ He is a very moral man who tries to do what is right. ➣ morals (pl n), morality (n)
3.166 retire (v) /rɪˈtaɪə/ stop working because you have reached a certain age ●^ In the UK, people will have to retire at the age of 67 instead of 65. ➣ retirement (n), retired (adj)
3.167 rule (v) /ruːl/ control a country or group of people ●^ King George III ruled for many years. ➣ ruler, rule (n) 3.168 restore (v) /rɪˈstɔː/ bring back ● After the war, peace was restored. 3.169 justice (n) /ˈʤʌstɪs/ fairness ●^ A fair society treats everyone with justice. ➣ just (adj) 3.170 prosperity (n) /prɒsˈperɪti/ when people have money and the things they need for a good life ●^ Prosperity can only return if we manufacture and sell more goods. ➣ prosper (v), prosperous (adj) 3.171 decline (v) /dɪˈklaɪn/ become weaker ●^ The Roman Empire declined and eventually fell to the barbarians. ➣ decline (n) 3.172 policy (n) /ˈpɒləsi/ a way of doing sth that has been officially decided by a government ● The minister of education explained the new policy for secondary schools. 3.173 dutiful (adj) /ˈdjuːtɪfʊl/ doing what is expected of you ●^ He is very proud of his dutiful son who looks after him in his old age. ➣ duty (n) 3.174 prosper (v) /ˈprɒspə(r)/ be successful ●^ His business continues to prosper. ➣ prosperous (adj)
