Cloud Computing - Principles of Computer Architecture - Lecture Slides, Slides of Advanced Computer Architecture

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Cloud Computing

What is Cloud Computing?

 There is no unique and standard definition out there

 However, it is generally accepted that Cloud Computing refers to a new IT paradigm for users

 Cloud computing is the use of computing resources (hardware and software) that are delivered as a service over a network (typically the Internet).

 The NIST definition “Cloud computing is a model for enabling convenient on demand network access to a shared pool of configurable computing resources that can be rapidly provisioned or released with minimal effort or service provider interaction”

History of Cloud Computing

Computing Paradigm Shift

Virtual Machines

 VM technology allows multiple virtual machines to run on a single physical machine.

Common Characteristics:

Low Cost Software

Virtualization Service Orientation

Advanced Security

Homogeneity

Massive Scale Resilient Computing Geographic Distribution

Essential Characteristics:

Resource Pooling

Broad Network Access Rapid Elasticity Measured Service

On Demand Self-Service

Architecture

Deployment Models

 Private Cloud  Public Cloud  Hybrid Cloud

 Delivers computer infrastructure, typically a platform virtualization environment, as a service.

 Rather than purchasing servers, software, data center space or network equipment, clients instead buy those resources as a fully outsourced service

 Amazon CloudFormation, Google Compute Engine

Characteristics of IaaS  Utility computing service and billing model.  Automation of administrative tasks.  Dynamic scaling.  Desktop virtualization.  Policy-based services.  Internet connectivity.

Infrastructure as a Service(IaaS)

Platform as a Service(PaaS)

 Provides environment and tools for creating new online applications

 The provider provides the networks, servers, storage and other services.

 Windows Azure, Google App Engine

Characteristics of PaaS  Rapid development of application at low cost  Multi-tenant architecture  Integration with web services and databases

Cloud Providers

Hadoop in cloud computing

What is HADOOP?

 Framework for large-scale data processing

 Inspired by Google’s architecture:

• GFS and MapReduce.

 Open-source Apache project

 Full Java implementation

 Designed to run on commodity hardware

 Automatically handles data replication and deals with node failure

 Does all the hard work so you can focus on processing data

Distributed File System(DFS)

 A single file system distributed across multiple physical computer nodes

 Google File System(GFS)

• Fault Tolerance
• High Throughput
• Scalability

 Hadoop Distributed File System(HDFS) is an open source implementation of GFS.

• NameNode
• DataNode