Download CMN2148 Chapter 4 Test: Values, Ethics, and Ethical Decision-Making and more Exams Advanced Education in PDF only on Docsity!
CMN2 148 Chapter 4 Test With
Solution
Value - ANSWER concept that refers to the relative worth of a quality or object
- know employee preferences
- not all values are equally important
- people can claim and demonstrate values
Ethics - ANSWER model values of what is right/wrong
Questions to ensure ethical behaviour - ANSWER 1. Do I have direct stake, what am I supposed to do?
- Am I proceeding with good intentions?
- Am I respecting those involved (staying unbiased)?
Value Orientations - ANSWER source of values, where do we learn what we prefer?
value congruence - ANSWER consistency, easier to communicate with those
similar to you
Terminal values - ANSWER instinct, where do you want to see yourself?
- end goals
- has an effect on instrumental values
instrumental value - ANSWER what are you going to do when you get there?
- strategies
- things you can actually achieve
Work values that affect behaviour - ANSWER 1. locus of control
- self-esteem
- tolerance of ambiguity
- social judgement
- risk-taking
Locus of Control - ANSWER establish a connection between what we do and what happened, fi we can easily take responsibility
- Educational institutions
- Religious beliefs
Utilitarian Approach - ANSWER result-oriented, consequence driven approach
- go with the option that is going to be beneficial to the most people involved
Deontological Approach - ANSWER do the right thing and deal with the consequences later
- opposite of utilitarianism
- we do not control consequences
Theory of Justice ("fair rules) - ANSWER establish standard rules that are equity-based and transparent and that apply to everyone
- as long as you have fair rules and address people's needs, it is going to be fair
Theory of Justice: Guiding Principles - ANSWER 1. be equitable
- be fair
- be impartial
cultural relativism - ANSWER no single right way because all individuals and cultures are different and no culture is any better or any worse than another
- promotes the idea of contingency theory
- when we make decisions about what is ethical, we go with what we have learned
Multi-domestic approach - ANSWER look into situational contingency
Why people choose to make the right decision - ANSWER 1. Pre-conventional: don't want to get in trouble
- Conventional: everyone else is doing it so why not
- Post-conventional: I know it is wrong so I won't do it, whether others are or not
Habit of Search - ANSWER always make sure you are spending time and really investigating for yourself
Habit of Justice - ANSWER being fair, give people a chance to tell exactly what happened
Code of Ethics: Functions - ANSWER 1. increase public confidence
- decrease government regulation
- improve internal operations by providing consistent standards of both ethical and legal conduct
- assist managers in responding to issues arising from unethical or illegal behaviour
Universalistic Resolution Approach - ANSWER same rules for everyone, even with personal bias (everyone is treated the same)
Particularistic Resolution Approach - ANSWER goes with relationship, have an exception for certain people
Compromise Resolution Approach - ANSWER give and take, you can't just do things the way you want, you must see what other people want as well
Reconciliatory Resolution Approach - ANSWER go with the local way of doing things, live in the present, what exactly happened and how?
- approach every situation differently
