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This set of Computer Fundamentals Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “The Input Unit”.
- Which unit is responsible for converting the data received from the user into computer understandable format? a) Memory Unit b) Arithmetic & Logic Unit c) Input Unit d) Output Unit
Answer: c Explanation: The Input Unit converts the data, which the user enters into a language which the computer understands, i.e. it converts the data into binary format. The Output Unit is responsible for giving the results in user- understandable format. The Storage Unit is responsible for storing the data after immediate results of processing whereas; the ALU is responsible for various arithmetic and bitwise operations.
- The only language which the computer understands is ______________ a) Assembly Language b) Binary Language c) BASIC d) C Language
Answer: b Explanation: The Computer understands only binary language which is written in the form of 0s & 1s. A computer can understand assembly language but an assembler is required which converts the assembly language to binary language. Similarly, for understanding high level languages, compilers/interpreters are required.
- The smallest unit of data in computer is ________________ a) Byte b) Nibble c) Bit
d) KB
Answer: c Explanation: A bit is defined as the smallest unit of data in a computer system. It is used as a short form of Binary Digit. A bit can have only two values 0 or 1. A nibble comprises of 4 bits, a byte is a collection of 8 bits whereas KB (Kilobyte) is equal to 1024 bytes.
- One nibble is equivalent to how many bits? a) 2 b) 4 c) 8 d) 1
Answer: b Explanation: A nibble is defined as a unit of data which comprises of 4 binary digits or half of 8-bit byte. Therefore, 1 nibble = 4 bits. A bit is the smallest unit of data in a computer system. A byte = 8 bits, therefore, half of a byte=4 bits=a nibble.
- Which of the following describes the correct format of an input instruction? a) IN 82 b) INPUT 82 c) INP 82 d) 82 INP
Answer: a Explanation: The input/output instructions are used to transfer information between external peripherals and the CPU. The correct format of an input instruction is: IN 8-bit port address. Here, IN 82 is the correct option, where 82 is the designated port address. All the other options are invalid.
- The input machine which originated in the United States around 1880s is a
Answer: c Explanation: The input unit converts the data into computer understandable format i.e. binary format and not the user understandable format. It is the duty of the output unit to make the data into user understandable format.
- Label the parts 1 and 2:
a) 1.ALU 2. MU b) 1.Output unit 2.Input Unit c) 1.MU 2. ALU d) 1.Input Unit 2.Output Unit
Answer: d Explanation: The above diagram is a simple explanation which describes how the instruction is given to the CPU, how it is processed, and then how the result is obtained. So here, the input unit is used to give instructions to the central processing unit and the output unit is responsible for giving the result to the user
This set of Computer Fundamentals Interview Questions and Answers focuses on “The Output Unit”.
- The process of producing useful information for the user is called ___________ a) Controlling b) Outputting c) Inputting d) Processing
Answer: b Explanation: The Output Unit is responsible for giving the results to the user in the form of a printed report or visual display. The process is referred to as outputting. Controlling is nothing but the manner and sequence in which the instructions are being operated. Inputting means giving instructions to the system whereas, processing means performing certain operations and calculations.
- The output unit coverts the data entered by the user into computer understandable form. a) True b) False
Answer: b Explanation: The Output unit is responsible for converting the computer obtained data into user understandable format. The Input Unit is responsible for converting the data in computer understandable format.
- VDU stands for __________ a) Virtual Display Unit b) Visual Display Unit c) Virtual Detection Unit d) Visual Detection Unit
Answer: b Explanation: A Visual Display unit is also referred to as the monitor who basically
CPU. It is usually identified by some number and is handled by the interrupt controller.
- Line Printers that print one line at a time are _________ a) Laser Printers b) Inkjet Printers c) Drum Printers d) Chain Printers
Answer: c Explanation: The drum printers have a solid cylindrical drum with characters embossed on its surface in the form of circular bands. It can only print a predefined set of characters.
- A ___________________ monitor looks like a television and are normally used with non-portable computer systems. a) CRT b) LCD c) LED d) Flat Panel Monitors
Answer: a Explanation: A CRT (or the Cathode Ray Tube) Monitor looks like a television ideally. The flat panel monitors are thinner and lighter in comparison.
- Which of the following is not a function of the Output Unit? a) It produces results that can be easily understood by the user b) It accepts the results produced by the computer c) It supplies the data and instructions to the outside world d) It supplies the data and instructions to the computer for further processing
Answer: d Explanation: The output unit is responsible for giving the results to the user in the form of printed report or visual display. It is not responsible for giving the instructions back to the CPU for processing.
- PCI stands for _________ a) Peripheral Component Interconnect b) Partial Component Interconnect c) Peripheral Component Interaction d) Partial Component Interaction
Answer: a Explanation: PCI is a high-bandwidth bus that can function as a peripheral bus. Compared with others, it delivers better system performance
b) Primary and Secondary c) Minor and Major d) Main and virtual
Answer: b Explanation: There are two types of memories in a computer system: The Primary Memory and the Secondary Memory. The primary memory can be directly accessed by the CPU whereas the secondary memory cannot be directly accessed.
- Which of the following is used to hold running program instructions? a) Primary Storage b) Virtual Storage c) Internal Storage d) Minor Devices
Answer: a Explanation: The primary storage is responsible for holding the data, intermediate results and the results of ongoing processes or jobs. Virtual storage is the main memory storage required for saving large amount of data for future reference. The other options are invalid.
- Which of the following is non-volatile storage? a) Backup b) Secondary c) Primary d) Cache
Answer: b Explanation: The secondary storage is the non-volatile storage unit because the data is not lost when the power supply is dissipated. Primary memory is the volatile memory.
- Which of the following is used in main memory? a) SRAM
b) DRAM c) PRAM d) DDR
Answer: b Explanation: DRAM stands for dynamic random access memory. It is denser than SDRAM (Static) and therefore it is used in the main memory. They are in the form of semiconductor RAMs.
- Which of the following are types of ROMs? a) SROM & DROM b) PROM & EPROM c) Only one type there is no further classification d) PROM & EROM
Answer: b Explanation: There are two types of Read Only Memories: PROM i.e., Programmable ROM & EPROM i.e., Erasable Programmable ROM. When only a small number of ROMs with a particular memory content is needed, PROM is used and in case of EPROM, all the contents of the storage cells must be erased before the write operation.
- RAID stands for __________ a) Redundant array of independent disks b) Redundant array of individual disks c) Reusable Array of independent disks d) Reusable array of individual disks
Answer: a Explanation: RAID is a multiple-disk database design which is viewed as a single logical disk by the operating system. Data are distributed across the physical drives of the array. It guarantees the recovery of data in case of data failure.
This set of Computer Fundamentals Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “The Arithmetic & Logic Unit”.
- The ‘heart’ of the processor which performs many different operations
a) Arithmetic and logic unit b) Motherboard c) Control Unit d) Memory
Answer: a Explanation: The Arithmetic and logic unit performs all the basic operations of the computer system. It performs all the arithmetic(+,-,*,/,etc) as well as the logical operations( AND, OR, NOT, etc.).
- ALU is the place where the actual executions of instructions take place during processing operation. a) True b) False
- Which of the following is not a bitwise operator? a) | b) ^ c). d) <<
Answer: c Explanation: All except the dot(.) operator are bitwise operators. | : Bitwise OR ^ : Bitwise XOR << : Shift Left
- The sign magnitude representation of - 1 is __________ a) 0001 b) 1110
c) 1000 d) 1001
Answer: d Explanation: The first leftmost bit i.e. the most significant bit in the sign magnitude represents if the number is positive or negative. If the MSB is 1, the number is negative else if it is 0, the number is positive. Here, +1=0001 and for - 1=1001.
- IEEE stands for ___________ a) Instantaneous Electrical Engineering b) Institute of Emerging Electrical Engineers c) Institute of Emerging Electronic Engineers d) Institute of Electrical and electronics engineers
Answer: d Explanation: The IEEE is an organization of professionals in the field of electronics and electrical engineering. IEEE has given certain standards of its own which are followed in the field of computer science and electrical engineering.
- The ALU gives the output of the operations and the output is stored in the
a) Memory Devices b) Registers c) Flags d) Output Unit
Answer: b Explanation: Any output generated by the ALU gets stored in the registers. The registers are the temporary memory locations within the processor that are connected by signal paths to the CPU.
- The process of division on memory spaces is called ______________ a) Paging b) Segmentation
d) 11111110
Answer: c Explanation: Bitwise complement is basically used to convert all the 0 digits to 1 and the 1s to 0s. So, for 0 = 00000000(in 8-bits) ::: 11111111(1s complement). The bitwise complement is often referred to as the 1s complement
This set of Computer Fundamentals Multiple Choice Questions & Answers (MCQs) focuses on “The Control Unit”.
- ____________ is the raw material used as input and __________ is the processed data obtained as output of data processing. a) Data, Instructions b) Instructions, Program c) Data, Program d) Program, Code
Answer: a Explanation: Data can be assumed as a raw material which , in turns after processing gives the desired output in the form of instructions. Further, a set of ordered and meaningful instructions is known as a program.
- Which of the following is not a characteristic of a computer? a) Diligence b) I.Q. c) Accuracy d) Versatility
Answer: b Explanation: The Computer system has no I.Q. of its own. It does only what it is programmed to do. It cannot take decisions of its own. A computer is diligent, because it can work continuously for hours without getting any errors or without getting grumbled. Accuracy of a computer is consistently high and its level of accuracy depends on its design. A computer can perform any task if, it can be broken down into a series of logical steps. Therefore, a computer is versatile.
- What does MAR stand for? a) Main Address Register b) Memory Access Register c) Main Accessible Register d) Memory Address Register
Answer: d Explanation: MAR is a type of register which is responsible for the fetch operation. MAR is connected to the address bus and it specifies the address for the read and write operations.
- If the control signals are generated by combinational logic, then they are generated by a type of _______________ controlled unit. a) Micro programmed b) Software c) Logic d) Hardwired
Answer: d Explanation: The main task of a control unit is to generate control signals. There are two main types of control units: A hardwired control unit generates control signals by using combinational logic circuits and the Micro programmed control unit generates control signals by using some softwares.
- Which is the simplest method of implementing hardwired control unit? a) State Table Method b) Delay Element Method c) Sequence Counter Method d) Using Circuits
Answer: a Explanation: There are 3 ways of implementing hardwired control unit: A state table is the simplest method in which a number of circuits are designed based on the cells in the table.
A delay element method consists of a flowchart drawn for the circuit. A D-flip flop is used as a delay element. A sequence counter method used k-modulo counter as a replacement for k delay elements.
- A set of microinstructions for a single machine instruction is called
a) Program b) Command c) Micro program d) Micro command
Answer: c Explanation: For every micro-operation, a set of microinstructions are written which indicate the control signals to be activated. A set of microinstructions is a micro program. The address of the next microinstruction is given by a Micro- program counter.
- Micro-program consists of a set of microinstructions which are strings of 0s and 1s. a) True b) False
Answer: a Explanation: The computer understands only binary language. So, the micro- program should have instructions which are in the form of 0s and 1s. Each output line of the micro-program corresponds to one control signal.
- A decoder is required in case of a ______________ a) Vertical Microinstruction b) Horizontal Microinstruction c) Multilevel Microinstruction d) All types of microinstructions
