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Computer Hardware and Software Fundamentals, Exams of Nursing

Chamberlain College of NursingNursing

An overview of the key concepts and components related to computer hardware and software, including the basic input/output system (bios), read-only memory (rom), operating systems, hard disk drives, central processing units (cpus), random access memory (ram), input/output devices, buses, the boot-up process, cpu cores, multi-threading, caching, data representation, compression, and intellectual property rights. A wide range of topics relevant to computer science and information technology, making it a potentially useful resource for students, researchers, or professionals in these fields. The detailed explanations and accurate answers provided suggest this document could be valuable as study notes, lecture materials, or a summary for exam preparation.

Typology: Exams

2024/2025

Available from 10/14/2024

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APCSP HDW SFW EXAM TEST |
GUARANTEED PASS
BIOS - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Basic input/output system contains
programs to load the hardware
ROM - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Read Only Memory- Permanent
instructions that cannot be changed. It makes the BIOS function. Checks
your OS.
operating system - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ (computer science)
software that controls the execution of computer programs and may
provide various services
Hard Disk Drive - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ a computer device that
reads, writes, and stores digital data
CPU - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Central Processing Unit; the brain
of the computer.
RAM - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Random Access Memory
input/output devices - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ devices that are
used to input to a computer (keyboard, mouse) or output (monitor)
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APCSP HDW SFW EXAM TEST |

GUARANTEED PASS

BIOS - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Basic input/output system contains programs to load the hardware ROM - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Read Only Memory- Permanent instructions that cannot be changed. It makes the BIOS function. Checks your OS. operating system - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ (computer science) software that controls the execution of computer programs and may provide various services Hard Disk Drive - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ a computer device that reads, writes, and stores digital data CPU - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Central Processing Unit; the brain of the computer. RAM - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Random Access Memory input/output devices - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ devices that are used to input to a computer (keyboard, mouse) or output (monitor)

Bus - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ The paths, or lines, on the motherboard on which data, instructions, and electrical power move from component to component. Boot up process - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Is a list of detailed procedures that the system undergoes to perform all system checks and load all necessary files to bring the computer to an operable state. CPU cores - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ A multi-core processor is a single computing component with two or more independent actual central processing units which are the units that read and execute program instructions. Multi/hyper threading - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ processes small portions of multiple threads to appear simultaneous. The CPU operates as two virtual CPUs (actually simultaneous) cache - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ high-speed data storage Abstraction - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ making things simpler (using something without having to know how it does it analog/digital representation - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ analog shows properties of things as close together as possible, ex. Clock → goes by seconds) (digital shows things in symbolic form →ex. jumps from 0 to 1) Sampling- rate at regular time intervals

Losless Compression - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ doesn't lose quality less efficient (must do this for writing resolution(dpi) - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ number of pixels displayed per inch (closer together/more = better resolution Intellectual property - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ inventions that are a result of creativity to which one has rights Copyrights - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ to prevent the unauthorized copying of their software + gives creator legal rights Fair use - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ the right to use copyrighted work without needing permission from the copyright owner- cannot profit off of work Creative commons- grant the public permission to use their creative work under copyright law Open access - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ knowledge available to everybody Open source (sfw) - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ software (windows, safari, etc.) → programs are made freely available and may be redistributed and modified

DRM(Digital Rights Management) - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ used to protect an organization's digital media from unauthorized use (have to pay to access platforms like Netflix) DMCA (Digital Millennium Copyright Act) - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ illegal lol → can get prosecuted if caught getting around DRM Multi-threading - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ allows multiple threads to exist and executes multiple threads in a single process at the same time (ex. Used in word processors as it checks for multiple things at the same time) Hyper-threading - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Breaks a single physical processor into two threads (logical and virtual processors) (ex. Used in CPUs, since the multiple threads on each core allows it to run more efficiently) cache-stores data so that future requests for that data can be served faster (temporary memory; lets you access some info more quickly than if you access it from the computer's main hard drive) Public Domain - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ creative materials that are not protected by intellectual property laws such as copyright, trademark, or patent laws run-length encoding (RLE) - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ a compression algorithm that represents an image in terms of the length of runs of identical pixels