Download COMSAE / 110,111,112,114,115[ACTUAL EXAM] LATEST VERSION [720 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS] WITH and more Exams Nursing in PDF only on Docsity!
COMSAE / 110,111,112,114,115[ACTUAL EXAM] LATEST
VERSION [7 2 0 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS] WITH STUDY
GUIDE DETAILED AND VERIFIED FOR GUARANTEED PASS-
LATEST UPDATE 2025 GRADED A TESTBANK
imipramine - CORRECT ANSWER TCA
SE: Tri-Cs convulsions coma cardiotox antichol effects- confusion in elderly; (acute glaucoma and orthostatic hypotension- block alpha1)
viscerosomatic - CORRECT ANSWER visceral disease --> somatic
finding
loratidine vs ranitidine - CORRECT ANSWER loratidine: 2nd gen H
blocker, doesnt cross BBB --> less sedating ranitidine: H2 receptor antagonist (like cimetidine)
cells w RBCs inside - CORRECT ANSWER entaemoba histolytica
which type of pneumothorax causes tracheal deviation to the contra side? -
CORRECT ANSWER tension
intracerebral hemorrhage adjacent to a lesion that contains a tangle of
numerous tortuous vessels - CORRECT ANSWER AVM
arteriovenous malformation
cavernous hemangioma - CORRECT ANSWER benign tumor of liver,
A/W VHL
anti-HepB surface antibody is only present in what pop - CORRECT
ANSWER recovered or immunized
not in chronic or
proctalgia fugax - CORRECT ANSWER levator ani syndrome
fasciculus is UMN or LMN lesion? - CORRECT ANSWER LMN
ectopic gastric tissue - CORRECT ANSWER meckels diverticulum
can also have ectopic pancreatic tissue remnant of vitelline duct
antibodies in hashimotos attacks - CORRECT ANSWER thyroid
peroxidase or antithyroglobulin enlarged non tender thyroid
2 factors that influence starling curve - CORRECT ANSWER x axis-
preload (EDV) y axis- stroke volume or CO
treatment for fibromyalgia - CORRECT ANSWER TCA, SNRIs
anticonvulsants
what blocks NE reuptake? - CORRECT ANSWER TCA or SNRIs
possible complication of pagets bone disease - CORRECT ANSWER
osteocarcoma
what does Hct tell you? - CORRECT ANSWER ratio of volume of
RBCs compared to total blood volume
ptosis, diplopia, can affect chewing, swallowing, speaking, shoulders, respiration
tx for tinea - CORRECT ANSWER azoles
beta blockers for asthma - CORRECT ANSWER none- even beta 1s
can be nonselective at higher doses
what kind of teratogenic effects are seen w ACE/ARBs - CORRECT
ANSWER fetal renal agenesis
stones bones groans moans psych overtones - CORRECT ANSWER
high Ca or PTH
PTH is made by what cells? - CORRECT ANSWER chief cells of
parathyroid gland PTH inhibits reabsorption of phosphate where? increases calcium
resorption where? - CORRECT ANSWER PO4- proximal tubule
ca- DCT anterior innominate rotation means tight hip flexors or extensors? -
CORRECT ANSWER extensor- hamstrings
thoracic CS - CORRECT ANSWER E SaRa
most common cause of cellultis - CORRECT ANSWER staph aureus,
strep pyogenes
FPR- direct or indirect? active or passive? - CORRECT ANSWER
indirect- place them in position of diagnosis passive
cant treat kid w tetracycline so what do you give? - CORRECT
ANSWER amoxicillin
which Heps are there currently vaccines for? - CORRECT ANSWER
A and B (and so by virtue, also D)
why does Hep D need Hep B? - CORRECT ANSWER Hep D utilizes
the HBV surface antigen as its envelope?
most common hepatitis A/W IVDA in the US - CORRECT ANSWER
hep c
roseola - CORRECT ANSWER 4 day high fever
then rash on the trunk (spares face) affects babies up to 2 years HHV6- affects CD4 helper cells and kills them off
erythema infectiosum - CORRECT ANSWER slapped cheek
parvovirus B nonspecific fever/prodrome then slapp cheek rash 5 days later, then rash appears on arms and spreads to trunk/legs rash can worsen w fever and sun exposure TORCH infxn so baby in womb that is exposed can lead to hydrops fetalis
most common STD - CORRECT ANSWER chlamydia
sxs similar to STI plus discharge will have high neutrophil count
dimorphic- butterflies - CORRECT ANSWER candida, histo, cocci,
paracocci, blasto, sporothrix, butterflies huge pair of cocc catching stamp
cycle, increased total REM sleep, repeated nighttime awakenings, early- morning awakenings
Cachexia mediated by - CORRECT ANSWER TNF-alpha, IFN-
gamma, IL- 6
Tx for Orotic aciduria - CORRECT ANSWER Uridine - inhibits
carbamoyl phosphate synthetase
Short acting benzos - CORRECT ANSWER ATOM
Alprazolam, Triazolam, Oxazepam, Midazolam
Medium acting benzos - CORRECT ANSWER LET
Lorazepam, Estraolam, Temazepam
Long acting benzos - CORRECT ANSWER Clordiazepoxide,
Clorazepate, Diazepam, Flurazepam
Climacteric period - CORRECT ANSWER Menopause
Compartment syndrome d/t occlusion of: - CORRECT ANSWER
Microvasculature (small arteries)
Grave's disease ab - CORRECT ANSWER anti-TSH
Addison's disease - CORRECT ANSWER Primary adrenal
insufficiency d/t adrenal atrophy or destruction by disease
hpL - CORRECT ANSWER human placental lactogen - increases
insulin resistance, stimulates proteolysis and lipolysis and inhibits gluconeogenesis --> hyperinsulin, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia
Hit in front or back of head - CORRECT ANSWER SBS compression
Hit under chin on same side - CORRECT ANSWER Torsion
Blow on side of head - CORRECT ANSWER Torsion strain
Hit on same side of head - CORRECT ANSWER Lateral strain
Hit on forehead at top of head - CORRECT ANSWER Superior strain
Hit at occiput - CORRECT ANSWER Inferior strain
Touch, pain, temp sensation from ipsilateral face - CORRECT ANSWER
Spinal trigeminal nucleus
Ritodrine/Terbutaline - CORRECT ANSWER Beta 2 agonist that
relzxes the uterus to reduce premature uterine cotnractions; tocolytic "Ritodrine allows the fetus to return to dreams"
Ergonovine - CORRECT ANSWER to facilitate delivery of the
placenta and to prevent bleeding after childbirth by causing smooth muscle tissue in the blood vessel walls to narrow, thereby reducing blood flow; dx Prinzmental's angina
Metoclopramide - CORRECT ANSWER anti-emetic
Pyocyanin pigment - CORRECT ANSWER blue pigment -
Pseudomonas Sensorineural hearing loss, tinnitus, paralysis of facial muscles, loss of
corneal reflex - CORRECT ANSWER Cerebellopontine angle - b/w
cerebellum and lateral pons; CNS 5, 7, 8
Hyperresonance - CORRECT ANSWER pneumothorax,
Large Q-waves - CORRECT ANSWER Old infarcts
Cachexia mediated by - CORRECT ANSWER TNF-alpha, IFN-
gamma, IL- 6
Tartrate resistant acid phosphatase positive in - CORRECT ANSWER
Hairy Cell Leukemia
inhaled anthrax - CORRECT ANSWER shows up as mediastinal
widening on CXR
vaginosis and pH - CORRECT ANSWER pH of greater than 4.5 is
likely bacterial
insultation installers - CORRECT ANSWER susceptible to asbestos
junctional rhythm - CORRECT ANSWER pacemaker is the AV node.
it usually presents without a P wave or with an inverted P wave. Retrograde P waves refers to the depolarization from the AV node back towards the SA node
ova in stool - CORRECT ANSWER means one of the following:
giardiasis amebiasis strongyloidosis taeniasis
hyperhidrosis - CORRECT ANSWER abnormally increased sweating
trichophytum rubrum - CORRECT ANSWER most common cause of
athlete's foot, jock itch, ringworm
impetigo - CORRECT ANSWER most common cause is staph aureus
kernig's sign - CORRECT ANSWER can indicate either subarachnoid
hemorrhage or meningitis
enterovirus 71 - CORRECT ANSWER can cause hand foot mouth dz
and severe neurological sx in children. responsible for small epidemics in 1970s
porphyromonas gingivalis - CORRECT ANSWER is culprit in
periodontal dz and is linked to rheumatic fever
ascaris lumbricoides - CORRECT ANSWER dxed by fecal smear, and
is found in latin america
Balantidium coli - CORRECT ANSWER In trophozoites, the two nuclei
are visible. The macronucleus is long and sausage-shaped, and the spherical micronucleus is nested next to it, often hidden by the macronucleus. Balantidium is the only ciliated protozoan known to infect humans. Balantidiasis is a zoonotic disease and is acquired by humans via the feco-oral route from the normal host, the pig, where it is asymptomatic. Contaminated water is the most common mechanism of transmission. In acute disease, explosive diarrhea may occur as often as every twenty minutes. Perforation of the colon may also occur in acute infections which can lead to life-threatening situations
Isosporiasis - CORRECT ANSWER The coccidian parasite Isospora
belli infects the epithelial cells of the small intestine, and is the least common of the three intestinal coccidia that infect humans (Toxoplasma, Cryptosporidium, and Isospora). Infection causes acute, non-bloody diarrhea with crampy abdominal pain, which can last for weeks and result in malabsorption and weight loss. In immunodepressed patients, and in infants and children, the diarrhea can be severe. Eosinophilia may be present (differently from other protozoan infections.
Cilostazol - CORRECT ANSWER Cilostazol is approved for the
treatment of intermittent claudication
Quadrigeminal cistern - CORRECT ANSWER Superior cistern or
cistern of the great cerebral vein
Duret haemorrhage - CORRECT ANSWER Duret hemorrhages are
small areas of bleeding in the ventral and paramedian parts of the upper brainstem, (midbrain and pons). They are secondary to raised intracranial pressure with formation of a transtentorial pressure cone involving the cerebral peduncles (crus cerebri) and other midbrain structures caused by raised pressure above the tentorium. Kernohan's notch is a groove in the cerebral peduncle that may be caused by this displacement of the brainstem against the incisura of the tentorium. The resulting ipsilateral hemiparesis is a false localising sign,[3] known as
parent is sad, helps dress self, holds cup in one hand, jumps with both feet, kicks a ball, removes clothes, runs, walks up/down stairs, scribbles, throws overhand
3 - yr developmental milestones - CORRECT ANSWER 3 - 5 word
sentences, balances on one foot, asks what? why? builds 10-block tower, copies circle and x, counts to 3, dresses self, knows name/age/gender, pedals tricyle, plays with other kids, recognizes 3 colors, toilet trained, walks upstairs alternating feet
4 - yr developmental milestones - CORRECT ANSWER 4 - 5 word
sentences, catches ball, cuts and pastes, draws people, dresses and undresses themselves, enjoy jokes, jumps/hops, names 4-5 colors, pedals tricycle, plays well with others, walks on tiptoes
5yr developmental milestones - CORRECT ANSWER counts to 10,
draws people with 2-5 body parts, follows directions, knows address/phone number, knows on/off, over/under, plays cooperatively, pretend play, prints name, rides bike, skips, speaks understandably, tells, imaginary stories
Unpasteurized goat cheese - CORRECT ANSWER Brucella
Laxative abuse - CORRECT ANSWER electrolyte imbalance
severe dehydration dependency stretched or "lazy" colon
balantidium coli - CORRECT ANSWER protozoa that causes GI
infection, ingest cysts thru infected water or food produces hyalonuridase and creates ulcers in mucosal walls
Isospora belli - CORRECT ANSWER diarrhea, steatorrhea,
malabsorption, non-bloody diarrhea
Ballottement test - CORRECT ANSWER palpating surface of an
organ at the surface of the body **i.e. during pregnancy, palpating the uterus
Tibial nerve - CORRECT ANSWER can be compressed in the tarsal
tunnel, roof of which is flexor retinaculum
Pentoxifylline - CORRECT ANSWER used for intermittent claudication
and vascular dementia it changes the shape of RBCs
Prevotella intermedia - CORRECT ANSWER acute necrotizing
ulcerative gingivitis periodontal infections
Prophyromonas gingivalis - CORRECT ANSWER gingivitis,
periodontal disease
Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans - CORRECT ANSWER
another periodontal bug
enterovirus 17 - CORRECT ANSWER notable cause of hand, foot
and mouth disease
Menkes syndrome - CORRECT ANSWER inborn error where body
cannot absorb copper brittle hair, metaphyseal widening
Head and neck - CORRECT ANSWER T1-T
Heart - CORRECT ANSWER T1-T
Resp - CORRECT ANSWER T1-T
Esophagus - CORRECT ANSWER T2-T
Upper GI - CORRECT ANSWER T5-T
What composes the upper GI? - CORRECT ANSWER Stomach, liver,
gallbladder, spleen, part of pancreas and duodenum
Common compensatory pattern rotation - CORRECT ANSWER OA-
Left Cervicothoracic- Right Thoracolumbar- Left Lumbosacral- Right
Ankle ligament sprains - CORRECT ANSWER 1. ATF
- ATF and CF
- ATF, CF, and PTF
C5 sensation - CORRECT ANSWER Lateral arm and lateral elbow
C5 motor - CORRECT ANSWER Deltoid and biceps (also biceps
reflex)
C6 sensation - CORRECT ANSWER Lateral forearm and thumb
C6 motor - CORRECT ANSWER Biceps and wrist extensors
C7 sensation - CORRECT ANSWER Middle finger
C7 motor - CORRECT ANSWER Triceps and wrist flexors
C8 sensation - CORRECT ANSWER Little finger and middle forearm
C8 motor - CORRECT ANSWER Wrist flexors and interossi
T1 sensation - CORRECT ANSWER Medial elbow and medial arm
T1 motor - CORRECT ANSWER Interossi
Abduction of shoulder - CORRECT ANSWER Supraspinatus and
deltoid
Adduction of shoulder - CORRECT ANSWER Pect major, lat dorsi
Flexion of shoulder - CORRECT ANSWER Coracobrachialis, anterior
deltoid
Extension of shoulder - CORRECT ANSWER Lat dorsi, teres major,
post deltoid
External rotation of shoulder - CORRECT ANSWER Infraspinatus,
teres minor
Internal rotation of shoulder - CORRECT ANSWER Subscapularis,
pect major, teres major, lat dorsi
Carrying angle of arm increases - CORRECT ANSWER When wrist
adducts and ulna abducts Innervation: Flexors of the wrist and hand besides flexor carpi ulnaris (ulnar
nerve) - CORRECT ANSWER Median nerve
Innervation: Extensors of wrist and hand - CORRECT ANSWER
Radial nerve
Innervation: Primary supinators of forearm - CORRECT ANSWER
Biceps: musculocutaneous n Supinator: Radial n
Innervation: Primary pronators of forearm - CORRECT ANSWER
Pronator teres and pronator quadratus: radial n Innervation: Thenar eminence except abductor pollicus brevis (ulnar) -
CORRECT ANSWER Median n
Innervation: Hypothenar eminence and interossi - CORRECT ANSWER
Ulnar n
Innervation: 1st and 2nd lumbricles - CORRECT ANSWER Median n
3rd and 4th lumbricles - CORRECT ANSWER Ulnar n
Relative: Acute whiplash, pregnancy, post surgery, herniated disc, pts on anti-coags, vertebral artery ischemia (cervical)
Psoas syndrome findings - CORRECT ANSWER Backward sacral
torsion Nonneutral L Ipsilateral psoas spasm Contralateral pelvic shift and piriformis spasm Exaggerated lumbar lordosis when supine Positive thomas test
Ribs - CORRECT ANSWER Atypical: 1, 2, 11, 12
Typical: 3- 10 True: 1- 7 False: 8- 12 Pump: 1- 5 Bucket: 6- 10 Caliper: 11- 12
Axis vs plane - CORRECT ANSWER Axis is like the pole that the
bone rotates across, plane is the field where the bone is moving in
Disc herniation - CORRECT ANSWER Affects the nerve of the lower
spinal segment, unless above C7 (affects top segment)
Scoliosis affects - CORRECT ANSWER Dextro: Right convexity; left
sidebending and left restricted translation Levo: Left convexity: right sidebending and right restricted translation
GI ganglion - CORRECT ANSWER Celiac: T5- 9
Superior mesenteric: T10- 11 Inferior mesenteric: T12-L
Vertical strain movement - CORRECT ANSWER 2 parallel transverse
axes with sphenoid and occiput in same direction
Torticolis - CORRECT ANSWER Sidebent to affected side, rotated to
opposite side
CV4 technique - CORRECT ANSWER Compression of 4th ventricle:
thenar eminences on each hand on occipital bone and drawing back during craniosacral flexion, until still point is reached Arrangement of facet orientation for cervicals, thoracics, lumbars -
CORRECT ANSWER BUM, BUL, BUM
Scoliosis classifications - CORRECT ANSWER <20 is mild, 20-45 is
moderate, >45 is severe. Mild and moderate tx with OMT or bracing, severe requires surgery. Resp compromise > Cardiac compromise >
Myokymia that progresses downward - CORRECT ANSWER Due to
internally rotated temporal bone of same side
Craniosacral motion - CORRECT ANSWER Occurs at superior
transverse axis, or the respiratory axis at level of S2. During CS flexion, sacrum counternutates and AP diameter shortens
Nerve impingements - CORRECT ANSWER C5: Numbness at lateral
elbow and diminished biceps reflex C6: Numbness at lateral forearm, thumb, wrist extensors, and diminished brachioradialis C7: Numbness of middle finger, weakness of finger and elbow extensors, diminished triceps reflex
Vault hold - CORRECT ANSWER Index on greater wings of sphenoid
Middle on zygomatic process of temporal bone (ant to ear) Ring on mastoid process of temporal bone (post to ear) Little finger on occiput Thumbs over sagittal suture
Spencer's technique - CORRECT ANSWER 1. Extend shoulder
- Flexion of shoulder with elbow extension
