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Syllabus Material Type: Notes; Professor: Ahlin; Class: Economics Developing Countries; Subject: Economics; University: Michigan State University; Term: Fall 2015;
Typology: Study notes
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Professor: Christian R. Ahlin Email: [email protected] Office: Old Botany 201 Office Phone: 517-355- Office Hours: Monday 1:15-2:15pm, Wednesday 2:15-3:15pm
TA: Hwanoong Lee Email: [email protected] Office: Old Botany 3 Office Hours: Monday 11-12pm, Wednesday 5-6pm
Class Meetings: TuTh, 8:30-9:50, C20 Snyder
Textbook: Perkins, Radelet, Lindauer ( PRL ). Economics of Development , 6th^ Ed. W. W. Norton, 2006. There is a 7th^ edition; we use the 6th^ edition (similar but cheaper). It can be purchased online. Lectures are based largely on this text, but also cover some additional material.
Course Description: Development economics seeks to understand why some nations (or people groups) are richer and some are poorer. The ultimate goal is to discover processes and policies, if any, that can be undertaken by or for a nation desiring to go from poor to rich. These questions are some of the most important ones in economics. Yet they are far from the best understood. Development economics is also partly concerned with how best to measure economic and human progress. Measures as simple as the average level of income in a society are used, as well as broader measures that take into account health outcomes, political freedoms, and the distribution of income. Effects of policies on poverty and/or inequality, or on certain subsegments of society in a given country, are also given special attention. This class will address economic development from all of these standpoints. We begin with an overview of development: history and current status of economic development across countries, basic terms, and the questions surrounding how to define economic development. Next, we focus on economic growth, taking a look at recent growth experience across countries, asking what are the key ingredients of growth, and analyzing basic models of growth. These will highlight the roles played by savings, investment, education, health, and population growth. We next take a more detailed look at savings and investment, examining the roles of the private sector, including the financial sector; the government sector; and foreign capital flows in promoting development. Finally, we look at the potential benefits and costs of various strategies related to international trade and globalization. The course prerequisite is an introductory course in microeconomics. The material will also require use of some basic mathematical and graphical analysis.
Grading: This class relies heavily on lectures and class notes. So, attending class and understanding the class notes and discussion is critical to doing well in the class. If you need to miss class, please send me an email and I can send my notes for the day. (Always mention “EC 310” in the email.) But, I often say more in class than I do on my written notes, so you may want to ask another student for the notes also. Reading the textbook is optional; it can be useful as a supplementary source of information for some topics for interested students. However, the lectures are nearly entirely self-contained. The second key part of the material is the ungraded problem sets. These consist of multiple choice questions, with answer keys posted, that help students dig deeper into each section of material. It is highly recommended that
students work on these problem sets as a part of learning each segment of the material – first attempting them without the answer key, and afterward returning to study them with the answer key. Working in groups is also recommended. There are two midterm exams. Midterm 1 is scheduled for Thursday, February 18. Midterm 2 is scheduled for Thursday, April 7. The final exam is cumulative and is scheduled for Wednesday, May 4, 7:45am-9:45am. The student’s final grade is a weighted average of midterm 1 (20%), midterm 2 (25%), the final exam (30%), and the student’s highest exam grade from the midterms and final (25%); this weights the student’s best performance most heavily. Grading is partly on a curve. A tentative grading scale for each midterm will be announced when each midterm is handed back. Homework assignments will serve as good examples of what the midterms and final will be like. About 40% of exam problems will come straight from the problem sets (perhaps with numbers changed); about another 40% will be similar to some problem set question, but modified. No alternative examination times for the midterms or final will be given short of documented medical or other emergency, unless arrangements are made before April 1 (in the case of the final) or two weeks in advance (in the case of the midterms). Four extra-credit in-class pop quizzes are planned. These can happen on any day, except classes during, immediately before, or immediately after a midterm. Due to random selection of dates, the pop quizzes may not be evenly spaced throughout the semester. A pop quiz is typically based on the most recently posted problem set. No make-up quizzes will be given for absences; to take a pop quiz, students must be present in class when the pop quiz is first announced. Each pop quiz contains five points; each point earned on a pop quiz is worth 0.25 points (on a 100- point scale) on the final grade. On all graded assignments, consultation of outside material (e.g. class notes, internet, or textbook), ready access to outside material (e.g. problem set answer keys nearby and visible during an exam), and working with other students (e.g. sharing or copying answers from another student, or any communication) are not allowed.
Course Outline: INTRODUCTION TO ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT (PRL Chs. 1&2) The meaning of economic development Historical features and current status of economic development How to measure and compare economic development across countries
UNDERSTANDING ECONOMIC GROWTH (PRL Chs. 3&4) What has recent growth looked like? Where does growth come from? Growth accounting What are key channels of growth, and relevant policies? Economic theories of growth: Harrod-Domar (“Farmer”) model, Solow model Do the rich get richer and the poor get poorer, or vice versa? Convergence How long can growth be sustained? Sustainability Is growth a zero-sum game? International spillovers in growth Structural transformation
Should development come from GOVERNMENT OR MARKETS? (PRL Ch. 5) Strengths and weaknesses of governments and markets; historical trends, common policy recommendations
SAVING & INVESTMENT, FINANCE, PRODUCTIVITY, AND GROWTH (PRL Chs. 10-15) Empirical patterns of saving and investment; Sources of funds for investment Private Savings – Theories of private savings and investment, the role of the financial sector, informal finance and microcredit Government Savings – Role of government in investment and raising funds for investment; public expenditure and revenue collection in developing countries Foreign Savings – Foreign direct investment (outsourcing); external commercial borrowing, debt overhang, financial crises; Foreign aid
TRADE AND DEVELOPMENT (PRL Chs. 17&19) Can trade promote economic development? Is free trade good for developing countries? What types of strategies relating to trade and globalization exist, and how have they fared? Primary Product exports, Import substitution, Manufactured export promotion