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CPR and Basic Life Support; and Chapter 17.
1. Myocardial infraction?: Death of the cells of an area of the heart muscle as a result of oxygen deprivation.
2. Cardiac arrest?: Hearts electrical system malfunctions and your heart stops beating.
3. Ventricles?: the two lower chambers of the heart, and they pump blood out to the lungs and body.
4. Arrhythmia?: Abnormality in the heart's rhythm or heartbeat pattern.
5. Clinical death?: Cessation of blood circulation and breathing
6. Biological death?: Death at molecular or cellular level.
7. What is the difference between a heart attack and a cardiac arrest?: A heart attack occurs when
the blood supply to part of the heart stops and thus causes a section of the heart muscle to die. Cardiac arrest occurs when the heart stops beating.
8. VF?: Ventricular fibrillation
9. pVT?: Proximal vein thombrosis
10. PEA?: Pulseless electrical activity
11. BLS?: Basic life support
12. Briefly describe how the heart beats?: The heart beats by generation and conduction of electrical
impulses. The atria and ventricles work together, alternately contracting and relaxing to make the heartbeat and pump blood.
13. AHA?: American Heart Association
14. OHCA?: Out-of-patient hospital
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15. IHCA?: In-hospital cardiac arrest
16. CPR?: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
17. DNR?: Do-Not-Resuscitate
18. ROSC?: Restoration of spontaneous circulation
19. How many victims of cardiac arrests are there each year in the United
States?: 36,
20. What are the chances of survival for all cardiac arrest cases in the United
States?: 10%
21. In general, what is the Chan Of Survival?: Provides useful metaphor for the elements of ECC
systems concept. Highlights that all communities should recognize and adapt the principle of early CPR and defibrillation.
22. What are 3 indications that a victim has suffered a cardiac arrest?: 1.) Loss of
consciousness
2.) Abnormal breathing, chest pain, nausea
3.) Victim holding their throat and gasping
23. What is the meaning and purpose of CPR?: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation is a emergency lifesaving
procedure performed when the heart stops beating.
24. CPR can be performed in 3 basic steps. What are the steps and letters used to
remember their order?: C- Compressions A- Airway B- Breathing
25. How much blood is pumped during an effective chest compression com- pared
4 / victim even more
35. List kinds of information that should be reported when calling emergency
medical services (EMS)?: Describe the situation, exact location, telephone from which you are calling, number of people involved, and condition of the victim
36. What should you do if a person refuses to give consent for care?: Don't proceed to care
for them medically. If possible have someone witness the disapproval from the victim.
37. What is triage?: A method of prioritizing treatment
38. Identify 6 life-threatening emergencies that must be cared for first?: No pulse, severe
bleeding, shock, poisoning, vomiting/passing of blood, no breathing
39. List 4 sources of information you can use to find out the details regarding an
accident, injury, or illness?: Ask the victim about pain or discomfort, check vital signs, note any abnormal signs/symptoms, and note temperature, color of skin.
40. How can you reassure the victim?: Make sure the victim is able to reassure you. A confident, calm attitude
will help relieve the victims anxiety.
41. Why shouldn't you discuss the victim's condition with observers at the scene?: It is
essential to maintain confidentiality and protect the victims rights to privacy while providing treatment.
42. While providing first aid to the victim, make every attempt to avoid further
. Provide only the treatment you are to provide?: Injury Qualified
43. CPR stands for?: Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
44. What do the CABD's of CPR represent?: circulation, airway, breathing, defibrillation
45. How does biological death occur?: After clinical death in which the brain stops receiving blood flow.
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46. What are 2 methods that can be used to open the airway?: Head-tilt; chin-tilt
47. What is an AED? How is it used?: Automated external defibrillator; It delivers a shock to the heart to restore the
normal electrical pattern and rhythm.
48. Why must a rescuer "clear the victim" prior to pushing the shock button on an
AED?: To make sure no one is in close approximately of the victim. Serious injuries, such as cardiac arrest, could occur in other resources if they are shocked by the AED.
49. What should you determine first before starting CPR?: The victim's condition
50. Identify each of the following situations as either a "call first" or "call fast"
emergency?
A.)any victim of submersion or near-drowning:
B.)an unconscious adult or child who has reached puberty:
C.)an unconscious infant with a high risk for heart problems:
D.)an unconscious infant or child from one year of age to puberty:
E.)any victim with cardiac arrest caused by trauma or a drug overdose:: A.) call first
B.) call first
C.) call first
D.) call fast
E.) call fast
51. While you check for
consciousness, you should also ?: Call for help
7 / between the nipples. The sternum is compressed at least. Compressions are given at the rate of at least per minute. A lone rescuer should give the infant compressions followed by respirations for a ratio?: Nose Mouth Lower sternum 1/3-1/ 100 30 2 30:
58. Health care providers should use child CPR methods for any child from one
year of age to puberty. Compressions are given at the rate of at least per minute. The heel of one hand is placed on the. The sternum is compressed at least. The ration of compressions to ventilations is : ?: 100 Lower sternum 1/3-1/2 depth 30 2
59. What is the difference between a closed and open wound?: Open wounds have a break in
the skin or mucous membranes. Closed wounds include no break in the skin.
60. First aid care for
wounds must be directed at controlling and preventing ?: Bleeding; infection
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61. List the correct name for each of the following types of open wounds?
A.)Scrape on the skin:
B.)Cut or injury by sharp objects:
C.)Jagged irregular injury with tearing:
D.)Wound caused by sharp pointed object:
E.)Tissue torn or separated from body:
F.)Body parts cut off:: A.) Abrasion
B.) Incision
C.) Laceration
D.) Puncture
E.) Avulsion
F.)Amputation
62. Briefly describe the characteristics or signs and symptoms for each of the
following types of bleeding?
- Arterial blood:
- Venous blood:
- Capillary blood:: - Spurts from wound
- Slower, steadier and dark red or maroon
- Oozes out wound slowly
