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Crrn - Certified Rehabilitation Registered
Nurse Exam Study Review Questions
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Neuman's Theory of Nursing ANSWER ✔✔ : Involves the patient's defense against stress; focuses on goal setting, prevention, and maximizing function; includes levels of primary, secondary, and tertiary preventative care. Neuman's model views the person as an open system that is in constant interaction with the environment and emphasizes the need for balance between the system and stressors. Normal Timed Up and Go (TUG) ANSWER ✔✔ : 7 - 10 seconds The TUG test is commonly used to assess mobility and balance. A score of 7 - 10 seconds is considered normal. What is the most successful position for sexual activity for a woman with cerebral palsy? ANSWER ✔✔ : Side-lying with a bolster between knees This position provides support, reduces strain, and allows more comfortable movement for women with cerebral palsy. Orem's Theory of Self-Care Model states that its goal of nursing is to serve patients and assist them to provide self-care. What are the 3 categories of needs?
ANSWER ✔✔ : Universal, Developmental, Health Orem's self-care model outlines these three categories to address the needs that affect an individual’s ability to care for themselves. Which is the best long-term goal of cardiac rehabilitation? ANSWER ✔✔ : Reversing or stabilizing atherosclerosis The long-term goal of cardiac rehabilitation is to improve cardiovascular health by either reversing or halting the progression of atherosclerosis. What is the symptom that describes almost constant dribbling of urine? ANSWER ✔✔ : Overflow Overflow incontinence occurs when the bladder is unable to empty completely, leading to constant leakage or dribbling. What is the theory of aging that states that all cells and organisms have a life span that is predetermined and aging occurs as the end of the life span is approached? ANSWER ✔✔ : Programmed/cellular This theory suggests aging is genetically programmed, and organisms age as part of their genetic sequence and life cycle. What consists of Constraint-induced movement therapy (CIMT) for those with stroke or TBI? ANSWER ✔✔ : Constraint of the uninvolved upper extremity and forced use of weakened limbs for 90% of waking hours and massed practice CIMT is used in stroke or TBI rehabilitation to promote functional recovery by encouraging the use of the affected limb. Case Mix Group (CMG)
Roger's Theory of Nursing ANSWER ✔✔ : Views nursing as both a science and an art Roger’s theory integrates the scientific and artistic aspects of nursing, emphasizing holistic and dynamic interactions. Knack maneuver ANSWER ✔✔ : Form of Kegel exercise used to prevent incontinence The knack maneuver involves contracting the pelvic muscles to prevent urinary incontinence, especially during activities that increase intra- abdominal pressure. A SCI at which level may allow a patient to self-operate a motorized wheelchair? ANSWER ✔✔ : C A patient with a spinal cord injury at the C5 level may have enough upper body strength and control to operate a motorized wheelchair independently. Nursing Process ANSWER ✔✔ :
- Assessment
- Diagnosis
- Planning
- Implementation
- Evaluation This is the standard process for providing nursing care, guiding nurses in providing individualized, patient-centered care.
Which medication helps with an acute SCI (also helps increase neuro and motor function)? ANSWER ✔✔ : Methylprednisolone Methylprednisolone is commonly administered to patients with acute spinal cord injuries to reduce inflammation and improve neurological outcomes. Which device helps stroke rehab patients to improve ROM and function in the hands? ANSWER ✔✔ : Smart glove A smart glove is used in rehabilitation to assist stroke patients in regaining range of motion and hand function through interactive exercises. Which medication is frequently given to patients with a decreased LOC during the acute phase (< 1 month) after a TBI? ANSWER ✔✔ : Bromocriptine Bromocriptine is sometimes used to manage neurological symptoms and promote recovery in patients with decreased levels of consciousness following a traumatic brain injury. What is the maximum limit for sodium intake for a patient on a cardiac diet? ANSWER ✔✔ : 1500 mg A cardiac diet typically limits sodium intake to 1500 mg per day to help manage blood pressure and reduce the risk of heart disease. On a cardiac diet, what is the recommended daily serving of grains and starches? ANSWER ✔✔ : 6 - 11 The recommended serving of grains and starches is 6-11 servings per day, focusing on whole grains for better heart health.
ANSWER ✔✔ : Remeron Remeron (Mirtazapine) is an antidepressant that may help improve sleep in patients with Parkinsonism. Why would one choose to use Bipap vs. Cpap? ANSWER ✔✔ : May be used if you have difficulty exhaling positive pressure Bipap provides two levels of pressure, offering assistance with both inhalation and exhalation, making it more suitable for patients with difficulty exhaling against continuous positive pressure (CPAP). Which pain receptor is stimulated if you feel persistent, dull pain? ANSWER ✔✔ : Polymodal Polymodal receptors are responsible for transmitting dull, persistent pain, often associated with tissue damage or inflammation. What is the pain theory that states that signals are sent to a specialized "pain center" in the brain? ANSWER ✔✔ : Specificity theory This theory suggests that specific pain receptors transmit signals directly to a designated pain center in the brain. What is the pain theory that states that there are small fibers controlled by larger fibers which are responsible for communicating signals to the spinal cord? ANSWER ✔✔ : Gate control theory According to this theory, smaller nerve fibers transmit pain signals, but larger fibers can block these signals at the spinal cord level, preventing pain sensation from reaching the brain.
Difficulty in carrying out tasks ANSWER ✔✔ : Apraxia Apraxia is a motor disorder that affects a person’s ability to carry out tasks or movements, even though the person has the physical ability and desire to perform them. What does Medicare Part A cover? - ANSWER✔✔- covers services outside of the doctor's office
- hospitalization
- first 100 days of skilled care after 3 days in acute care
- hospice
- home health
- DME IMPACT Act - ANSWER✔✔streamlines individual patient needs, thereby eliminating costs of unnecessary services and improving patient care Deontology - ANSWER✔✔theory that specific acts are based on the intention of the action and not its outcome POLST (Physician Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment) - ANSWER✔✔bright- colored sheet that outlines what a medical provider may do in the event of a life- threatening emergency Healthcare Proxy - ANSWER✔✔a document that designates a person to make medical decisions for someone who is incapacitated
ASIA B - ANSWER✔✔Incomplete; sensory but not motor function is preserved below the neurological level and includes the sacral segments S4- 5 ASIA C - ANSWER✔✔Incomplete; motor function is preserved below neurological level and more than half of the key muscles have a muscle grade < 3 ASIA D - ANSWER✔✔Incomplete; motor function in preserved with muscle grade > 3 ASIA E - ANSWER✔✔normal Gordon's Functional Health Patterns - ANSWER✔✔a data collection tool that uses a standardized approach that provides a holistic view of the patient Lydia Hall's Theory - ANSWER✔✔Aspects of Nursing are Core, Care and Cure Primary Prevention - ANSWER✔✔prevents development of injury/disease Secondary Prevention - ANSWER✔✔early detection and treatment Tertiary Prevention - ANSWER✔✔monitoring in order to prevent complications or further injury/illness Phase 1 of cardiac rehab program - ANSWER✔✔limit physical and psychological consequences of an acute cardiac illness
Level I - ANSWER✔✔Evidence from a systematic review or meta-analysis from a randomized, controlled trial Diffuse axonal injury - ANSWER✔✔caused by brain damage (shaken baby syndrome) secondary to swelling Complex Regional Pain Syndrome (CRPS) - ANSWER✔✔chronic pain syndrome in which pain is continuous, worsens over time, and increases with emotional stress Which issue did the Ticket to Work & Work Incentive Improvement Act of 1999 address? - ANSWER✔✔the disincentive for persons with the disability to work because they'd lose medical insurance if they had substantial income universal cuff use - ANSWER✔✔helps hold small objects with impaired grasp case management goals - ANSWER✔✔- improving quality through appropriate & timely use of resources
- promoting optimum functioning
- preventing complications
- improving coping
- self-advocacy
- successful return to life roles What is the primary benefit of using an interdisciplinary team? - ANSWER✔✔The team has a holistic view of the patient's needs.
What is the most significant barrier for rehab for a patient with a traumatic amputation who's self-employed? - ANSWER✔✔lack of insurance valleculae - ANSWER✔✔space between tongue and epiglottis damaged cranial nerve #7 (facial) - ANSWER✔✔inability to wink damaged cranial nerve #5 (trigeminal) - ANSWER✔✔impaired chewing impairment - ANSWER✔✔loss or abnormality of psychological, physiological, or anatomical structure or function ethics committee - ANSWER✔✔a group of people who make decisions and makes recommendations when healthcare providers & families are faced with difficult decisions basic requirement of workers compensation coverage - ANSWER✔✔must be injured in the course of employment Bandura's Social Cognitive Theory - ANSWER✔✔emphasizes that those who believe they're capable of an action are more likely to achieve it MET method - ANSWER✔✔measures of metabolic equivalents Purpose of Fishbone Diagram - ANSWER✔✔identify causes and effects of a quality problem
Rehabilitation Act of 1978 - ANSWER✔✔amended the 1973 act to include the expansion of services to support independent living Phase 1 cardiac rehab - ANSWER✔✔limit physical & psychological consequences of an acute cardiac illness Which CN are most likely to be affected in patients with multiple sclerosis? - ANSWER✔✔CN II (optic) and III (oculomotor) Beneficence - ANSWER✔✔obligation that requires health care providers to help people in need Justice - ANSWER✔✔concept of trusting everyone in a fair manner Nonmaleficence - ANSWER✔✔duty to do no harm Trust vs. Mistrust - ANSWER✔✔infancy Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt - ANSWER✔✔toddlerhood Initiative vs. Guilt - ANSWER✔✔preschool Industry vs. Inferiority - ANSWER✔✔school age Worden's four dimensions of grief after disability - ANSWER✔✔feelings, thoughts, behaviors, and physical sensations
How often should wheelchair bound patients be taught to perform weight shifts? - ANSWER✔✔q15 minutes therapeutic modalities for treatment of SIADH - ANSWER✔✔- fluid restriction
- hypertonic saline medication classes that may cause male ejaculation and impotence problems - ANSWER✔✔- antihypertensives
- antispasmodics
- calcium channel blockers
- tranquilizers
- anticonvulsants
- alcohol
- analgesics Rebound occurs when an individual spends insufficient time in which stage of sleep? - ANSWER✔✔stage 4, REM sleep contractual allowances - ANSWER✔✔discounts from normal charges given to large payers for health care services contribution margin - ANSWER✔✔the amount by which the price exceeds the variable cost; If margin is positive, the organization benefits by that amount. cross-subsidization - ANSWER✔✔when some patients are assigned more costs than they create and others less
cost reimbursement - ANSWER✔✔the revenue based on the organization receiving payment for costs incurred Betty Neuman - ANSWER✔✔theorist who developed a health care systems model in which a person is viewed as an open system in interaction with the environment Jacqueline Fawcett - ANSWER✔✔theorist who identified 4 central concepts for nursing theories:
- person
- environment
- health
- nursing Marjory Gordon - ANSWER✔✔nursing theorist who developed a standardized model of data collection, including 10 patterns that represent a composite of the individual's life experiences, including internal and external forces utility - ANSWER✔✔the intent to achieve the greatest good hypothalamus - ANSWER✔✔the portion of the brain where the sleep/wake cycle (circadian rhythm) is located self-efficacy - ANSWER✔✔the confidence a person has about being able to perform some activity
What causes central sleep apnea? - ANSWER✔✔obstruction of the airway at the soft palate What type of bladder dysfunction would you expect to see in a patient with a right hemisphere stroke? - ANSWER✔✔uninhibited bladder contractions Which intervention is used when emptying the bladder in a patient experiencing autonomic dysreflexia? - ANSWER✔✔apply lidocaine jelly to provide lubrication and reduce sensory input What is the purpose of CMS's pay-for-performance initiative? - ANSWER✔✔provide consumers with information on quality and encourage providers to improve quality What is the purpose of leadership as a role of a rehab nurse manager? - ANSWER✔✔to promote change Roger's Model of the Science of Unitary Human Beings - ANSWER✔✔theory that views people as unified wholes rather than parts, emphasizes energy fields of humans and the environment that are intertwined and irreducible Sr. Callista Roy - ANSWER✔✔theorist who considers humans to be adaptive systems and focuses care approaches on the 4 modes of physiological needs self-concept interdependence role mastery
Roper's Model for Living - ANSWER✔✔the model of care which focuses on ADL's categorized as biological, psychological, sociocultural, environmental, and politicoeconomical Why is the Neurodevelopmental Technique (NDT) used for stroke rehab patients?
- ANSWER✔✔to provide sensory feedback of normal movement patterns and postures In which phase does the swallowing reflex get triggered? - ANSWER✔✔pharyngeal phase understanding of Medicare PPS system - ANSWER✔✔refining care processes to provide the best possible outcome at the lowest cost Baclofen teaching - ANSWER✔✔- Avoid activities that require alertness (driving)
- take with meals or milk
- avoid concurrant use of alcohol and OTC antihistamines How long should prophylaxis for DVT with anticoagulation therapy continue for? - ANSWER✔✔ 8 - 12 weeks What does FCE stand for? - ANSWER✔✔functional capacity evaluation
