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D467 WGU EXPLORING DATA EXAM
1.To track people's online activities and interests, which method of data collection is most effective?: Cookies
2.What are cookies?: Small files stored on computers that contain information about users
3.Fill in the blank: For data analytics projects, data is typically preferred because
users know it originated within the organization.: first-party
4.In data analytics, what term refers to all possible data values in a dataset?-
: Population
5.A grocery store chain purchases customer data from a credit card company. The grocer uses this data to identify its most loyal
customers and offer them special promotions and discounts. What type of data is being used in this scenario?: Second-party
6.What type of data is the height of a skyscraper?: Continuous
7.In data analytics, what is the term for data that is generated from, and lives, outside of an:
External
8.Fill in the blank: A data model is used to organize and how they relate to one
another.: data elements
9.When discussing structured databases, data analysts refer to the data contained in a row as a record. How do they refer to the
data contained in a column?: Field
10.Fill in the blank: A data type is a specific kind of data that tells what
kind of value the data is.: attribute
11.In a data table, where are fields contained?: Columns
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12.When using long data, each subject has data in multiple rows.This is because each row represents what?: One
observation per subject
13.Fill in the blank:The number of stars awarded to a product review is an example of
data.: discrete
14. A data analyst works on an urgent traffic study. As a result of the short time frame, which type of data might yield the
best results?: Historical
15.A political scientist needs to poll all voters in Seoul, South Korea, in order to predict the outcome of an election. Because it would
be impossible to collect data from every single person in the city, the political scientist polls a part of the population that is representative of the whole.What does this scenario describe?: Using a sample
16.A data scientist at a tech company records whether users have accepted their company's terms of service or not. What data type is
being collected in this scenario?: Boolean
17.Which of the following questions would enable a data professional to collect nominal qualitative data?: Did anyone
recommend our music lessons to you?
18.Fill in the blank: Bias is a preference in favor of or against a person, group of people, or thing.:
conscious or subconscious
19.What is the term for the tendency to search for or interpret information in a way that validates pre-existing beliefs?: Confirmation
bias
20.Fill in the blank: Data is considered when it is accurate, complete, and unbiased
information that has been vetted and proven fit for use.: reliable
21.A junior data analyst learns that the dataset they have been given is six years old. After looking into this further, they also
discovered that the age of the data is making the information irrelevant to their project. What good data source principle have they used to evaluate the dataset?: Current
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34. A financial institution publishes data about stock prices and market trends, which any business, nonprofit, or citizen can
access, reuse, or redistribute through its online databases.What type of data is described in this scenario?- : Open
35.Fill in the blank: A relational database contains a series of that can be
connected to form relationships.: tables
36.What is the term for an identifier that references a database column in which each value is unique?: Primary key
37.What process do data professionals use to eliminate data redundancy, increase data integrity, and reduce complexity in a
database?: Normalization
38.Fill in the blank:When using a relational database, data analysts write
to request data from the related tables.: queries
39.A large company has several databases across its many departments. What kind of metadata describes how many locations
contain a certain piece of data?: Structural
40.A large metropolitan high school gives each of its students an ID number to differentiate them in its database. What kind of
metadata are the ID num- bers?: Descriptive
41.Fill in the blank: Data is a process data professionals use to ensure the formal management of their
organization's data assets.: governance
42.What type of file saves data in a table format?: Comma-separated values (.csv)
43.Bringing data from a .csv file into a spreadsheet is an example of what process?: Importing data
44.In Google Sheets, what function enables a data analyst to specify a range of cells in one spreadsheet to be duplicated in
another?: IMPORTRANGE
45.What is the process for arranging data into a meaningful order to make it easier to understand, analyze, and visualize?: Sorting
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46.A data analyst is reviewing a national database of real estate sales.They are only interested in sales of condominiums. How can
the analyst narrow their scope?: Filter out non-condominium sales
47.A data analyst works for a rental car company.They have a spreadsheet that lists car ID numbers and the dates cars
were returned. How should they sort the spreadsheet to find the most recently returned cars?: By return date, in descending order
48.Fill in the blank:To keep a header row at the top of a spreadsheet, highlight the row and select
from the View menu.: freeze
49.Fill in the blank: When using SQL, the clause can be used to filter a dataset of customers
to only include people who have made a purchase in the past month.: WHERE
50.A database table is namedWebTrafficAnalytics.What type of case is this?-
: Camel case
51.What can be removed from the following query without preventing it from running? SELECT *
FROM Uni_dataset.new_table WHERE ID = 'Lawrence': Backticks (`)
52. Fill in the blank: Data
professionals use data to handle issues related to internal and external data flows while ensuring data assets are formally managed.: governance
53.A data team at a trade school is sending a text alert to all students who have fewer than 10 credits.What spreadsheet tool
will enable them to display only the students who meet that condition?: Filter out students with more than 10 credits
54.A data analyst at a retail company uses a tool to explore the data in its customer database. They learn the definition of each
column, the data types contained, and the relationships between different tables. What does this scenario describe?: Using a metadata repository
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61.What data-security practice enables all collaborators within a file to track changes, such as who made what edits to the file, when
they were made, and why?: Version control
62.You are in charge of your company's weekly accounting spreadsheet. It has 15 sheets, each containing a different employee's
purchases.You add restrictions to the spreadsheet to make sure employees can only edit their own sheets. What practice does this scenario describe?: Data security
63.A data analytics team uses data about data to indicate consistent naming conventions for a project. What type of data is
involved in this scenario?: - Metadata
64.A data analyst uses to organize multiple files for a given project so they can be found and accessed
in an efficient manner.: foldering
65.Fill in the blank: To keep files organized, use a logical to organize
folders and subfolders.: hierarchy
66.Which example shows the use of primary data?: A company's survey data of its customers' satisfaction
67.What is the difference between raw data and information?: Raw data is unorganized, while information is structured.
68.Which role does an analyst have in collecting second-party data?: Con- tracts with an external entity
69.An analyst needs to show the geographic distribution of customers in the United States by region. Which visual
representation should this analyst use?: Charts
70.Which type of structured data does an analyst use?: Store inventory
71.What is an example of conceptual data modeling that an analyst uses?: -
Defining the business requirements for a new database
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72.What leads to confirmation bias in data collection?: People search to verify preexisting beliefs.
73.How does an analyst ensure that a data source is reliable?: It is accurate, complete, and unbiased information.
74.What should an analyst consider at the start of data collection to reduce errors?: Bias and fairness
75.How does an analyst apply data ethics to privacy and collection?: By using the collected data responsibly
76.How does an analyst apply the principle of ownership to ethics and privacy in data collection?:
Individuals who create the data should own it.
77.How does an analyst apply the principle of consent to ethics and privacy in data collection?: By disclosing how and why the data
will be used before the survey
78.An analyst used a column of a table to uniquely identify each record within a table. Which tool did they use?: Primary key
79.Which tool is used by data analysts to store and organize data, making it easier for them to manage and access information?:
Database
80.Which element of a Notepad file would be considered data as opposed to underlying metadata?: File contents
81.What is an example of administrative metadata for a digital file?: File permission
82.What is an acceptable syntax for the SELECT keyword in MySQL?: select
83.An expert in query languages searched for month_name = using Vertica. The data set contains variations of the word December,
such as dec, Dec, etc. What will the output of this search query be?: It will return all entries that match DEC only.
84.What is the general rule regarding the suggested length of each line in a query to maintain indentation best practices?: Less
than or equal to 100 characters
85.What is a feature of the filtering process when applied to spreadsheets?-
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98.A research team conducts an experiment to determine if a new cybersecu- rity tool is more effective than the previous
version. What type of results are required for the experiment to be statistically significant?: Results that are real and not caused by random chance
99.In order to have a high confidence level in a customer survey, what should the sample size accurately reflect?: The entire
population
100. Fill in the blank:Typically, a data professional aims to achieve a statistical power of at least
to consider their results statistically significant.: 0.8, or 80%
101. Fill in the blank: Margin of error is the
amount that the sample results are expected to differ from those of the actual population.: maximum
102. In a survey about a new gardening product, 80% of respondents report they would buy the product again.The margin
of error for the survey is 5%. Based on that margin of error, what range reflects the population's true response?: 75-85%
103. In an employee satisfaction survey, 60% of respondents report that they prefer commuting to work via train.The margin of
error for the survey is 4%. Based on that margin of error, what range reflects the population's true response?: 56-64%
104. Fill in the blank: If a test is statistically
, the results are less likely to be due to random chance and more likely to be due to a real difference between the groups being compared.: significant
105. As an analyst downloads a dataset from the internet to their local drive, their internet connection goes down. This
interrupts the download, causing them to have an incomplete copy of the dataset on their computer.What data integrity problem does this scenario describe?: Transfer
106. A delivery company stores customer data in a delivery database and
11 / 16 a customer relationship database. When a customer changes their shipping address, the change is not reflected in the delivery database.This leads to the shipments being delivered to the wrong address. What data integrity problem does this scenario describe?: Replication
107. Fill
in the blank: Hypothesis testing is a process to determine whether a survey or has meaningful results.: experiment
108. Fill in the blank: Data is a cleaning feature to check the accuracy and quality of data
before adding or importing it.: validation
109. Which data professionals are most often responsible for ensuring that data is available, secure, and backed up to
prevent loss?: Data warehousing specialists
110. Fill in the blank: If a dataset contains , this is an indication that
those values do not exist in the dataset.: nulls
111. A data professional works in a spreadsheet column that can only contain six-digit customer ID numbers. They ensure the
data points in the column are always exactly six-digits long using which data analytics tool?: Field length
112. Fill in
the blank: Data validation is a tool for checking the of data before adding or importing it.: accuracy and quality
113. To create a clean and consistent visual appearance for a spreadsheet, which tool ensures all font types, sizes, and colors
are uniform?: Clear formats
114. What is the process of combining two or more datasets into a single dataset?: Data merging
115. Fill in the blank: In data analytics, describes
13 / 16 SQL clausewillremove the duplicates from the playlist_id column?: SELECT DISTINCT playlist_id
126. You are working with a database table that contains data about turtles. What SQL clause will return any turtle ages
that are less than three digits long from the turtle_age column?: LENGTH(turtle_age) < 3
127. You are working with a database table that contains data about cook- books. What SQL clause will retrieve the first
eight letters of each data point in the recipe_name column, then store the result in a new column called recipe_listing?: SUBSTR(recipe_name, 1, 8) AS recipe_listing
128. A data analyst knows there are some nulls in their database table.They want to save time when making calculations by
excluding these nulls. Which SQL function syntax can they use in their query to return non-null values for one or more fields?: COALESCE (product, product_code)
129. A data analyst discovers that their database has recognized product price data as text strings. What SQL function can the
analyst use to convert the text strings to floats?: cast
130. Fill in the blank: A data analyst working on a marketing project uses the SQL command
to add a row for a recent product lead to their organization's database.: insert into
131. You are working with a database table that has columns about products, such as product_name. Which SUBSTR function
and AS command will re- trieve the first 2 characters of each product name and store the result in a new column called product_ID?: SUBSTR(product_name, 1, 2) AS product_ID
132. As you migrate data from a legacy system to a new database, you find that many client records contain missing values in the
email_address column. What SQL function can you use to replace these null values with a value in a different column?: coalesce
133. Which function enables a data professional to count the total number of spreadsheet values within a specified range?:
counta
134. Fill in the blank:
Changelogs are files containing ordered lists of
14 / 16 modifications made to a project.: chronologically
135. A data professional discovers that SUV is spelled SWV in the database column car_types. Which CASE clause will
enable them to correct the mis- spellings?: CASE WHEN car_types = 'SWV' THEN 'SUV'
136. Fill in the blank: After a change to a
query is submitted, all team members will be able to access the new query once they the most up-to-date version control system.: sync to
137. A data professional makes a change to a file. Then, they ask a colleague to evaluate the change to identify any potential issues.
What does this scenario describe?: Code review
138. A team is tasked with determining how many customers have made a purchase in the past month. Using a pivot
table in Google Sheets, what function will total the number of non-empty sales in the purchase_date column of its customer database?: CountA
139. Fill in the blank: A data analyst keeps important code in a , enabling other developers on the team to access the most
current version of the code and collaborate effectively.: version control system
140. Which SQL clause will consider the condition 'Florida' and return the value 'East' when that condition is met?: CASE
WHEN us_states = 'Florida' THEN 'East' END
141. Which statement is true about sampling, irrespective of sample size?: - The sample bias is reduced if the sample being
selected is representative of the population.
142. A data analyst is performing analysis on data stored in a big data platform with state-of-the-art analysis tools. Insufficient
sample size is rendering the current analysis ineffective.What is the primary challenge of a larger sample size?: Collecting a larger sample size is more expensive.
143. In the next six months, an analyst is expected to analyze and present the effects of monthly promotions on sales of a new
product released one month ago. Which solution for insufficient data should this analyst pursue?: Wait for more data
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148. An analyst wants to extract data from a table by filtering for certain con- ditions prior to performing data cleansing. Which
Structured Query Language (SQL) statement will perform this function?: WHERE statement
149. An analyst wants to combine the fields for city and state into a single field prior to extraction for data cleansing.Which
Structured Query Language (SQL) statement will perform this function?: CONCAT statement
150. An analyst wants to present a high-level summarized version of the data at the end of data cleansing. Which
spreadsheet functionality should the analyst use?: Pivot table
151. What is the definition of verification in the data cleaning process?: A process to confirm how accurate and reliable a data
set is following data cleaning
152. What is an outcome of the verification step of data cleansing?: Ensures the data collected and cleansed will address the
original purpose
