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DAANCE Module 1 - Basic Sciences, Exams of Dentistry

Arizona State University (ASU) - Downtown Phoenix CampusDentistry

A comprehensive overview of the basic sciences covered in the daance module 1 curriculum. It covers a wide range of topics related to the nervous system, cardiovascular system, and respiratory system. Detailed information on the structure and function of various anatomical components, as well as the mechanisms underlying physiological processes. It also covers common medical conditions and their associated symptoms, diagnostic tests, and treatment options. This document could be a valuable resource for students preparing for exams or seeking to deepen their understanding of these fundamental medical concepts.

Typology: Exams

2023/2024

Available from 07/28/2024

tizian-kylan
tizian-kylan 🇺🇸

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DAANCE Module 1 - Basic Sciences
2024 Questions & Answers | 100%
Correct | Verified
neurons do what - ✔✔conduct nerve impulses
what is the synapse - ✔✔junction between two neurons
what makes up the central nervous system - ✔✔brain and spinal cord
what three parts make up the brain - ✔✔cerebrum, cerebellum, medulla oblongata
what makes up the peripheral nervous system - ✔✔sensory nerves and motor nerves
How many cranial nerves are there - ✔✔12
what nerve is the trigeminal nerve - ✔✔5
what parts does the trigeminal nerve control - ✔✔supplies sensation to the teeth and jaw
what are the 2 components of the autonomic nervous system? - ✔✔sympathetic nervous system
parasympathetic nervous system
what nervous system "speeds things up" - ✔✔sympathetic
what nervous system "slows things down" - ✔✔parasympathetic
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Download DAANCE Module 1 - Basic Sciences and more Exams Dentistry in PDF only on Docsity!

DAANCE Module 1 - Basic Sciences

2024 Questions & Answers | 100%

Correct | Verified

neurons do what - ✔✔conduct nerve impulses what is the synapse - ✔✔junction between two neurons what makes up the central nervous system - ✔✔brain and spinal cord what three parts make up the brain - ✔✔cerebrum, cerebellum, medulla oblongata what makes up the peripheral nervous system - ✔✔sensory nerves and motor nerves How many cranial nerves are there - ✔✔ 12 what nerve is the trigeminal nerve - ✔✔ 5 what parts does the trigeminal nerve control - ✔✔supplies sensation to the teeth and jaw what are the 2 components of the autonomic nervous system? - ✔✔sympathetic nervous system parasympathetic nervous system what nervous system "speeds things up" - ✔✔sympathetic what nervous system "slows things down" - ✔✔parasympathetic

what nervous system has terminations in all level of the heart - ✔✔sympathetic nervous system stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system causes what? - ✔✔vasoconstriction in general and increases the heart rate what nervous system is important in maintaining blood pressure - ✔✔sympathetic vasomotor is controlled by the - ✔✔sympathetic nervous system the vasomotor does what - ✔✔controls the diameter of the blood vessels baroreceptors regulate what function - ✔✔blood pressure with positional changes the sympathetic or adrenergic effects of the autonomic nervous system involve what - ✔✔two effects A and B- these effect several tissues and organs Alpha effect is what (only one alpha) - ✔✔vasoconstriction Beta effect is what( two beta categories) - ✔✔seen in bigger organs, heart and lungs Beta 1 activity is where - ✔✔heart related functions- such as increased heart rate and strength of contraction Beta 2 activity is where - ✔✔pulmonary function of bronchiolar dilation (lungs) Parasympathetic stimulation causes what - ✔✔increased activity of digestive tract and stimulates production of saliva and pharyngeal secretions. (atropine or Robinul can counteract stimulations)

Flow of Blood through the heart - ✔✔1. right atrium fills with blood

  1. contracts- tricuspid valve
  2. right ventricle fills with blood
  3. contracts- closes tricuspid valve/opens pulmonary valve
  4. blood goes through pulmonary artery to the lungs
  5. pulmonary veins returns blood to left atrium
  6. contracts-mitral valve
  7. left ventricle fills with blood
  8. Contracts- forces blood through aortic valve into aorta and then the peripheral circulation. closure of the four valves prevents back flow. if valve is damaged then this will be a - ✔✔heart murmur or mitral valve prolapse most heart problems are because of - ✔✔faulty or reduced coronary circulation- the hearts own circulatory system reduced oxygen supply weakens the heart this condition is called - ✔✔ischemia what results from ischemia - ✔✔angina pectoris- chest pain poor circulation can also cause - ✔✔myocardium infarction arteries can either ________ or _________ - ✔✔vasodilation or vasoconstriction diastolic phase is during what part of the blood flow - ✔✔when the ventricles are relaxed diastolic pressure measures what - ✔✔the pressure in the arteries during the relaxation of the ventricles

systolic phase is what part of the blood flow - ✔✔when the ventricles contract systolic pressure measures what - ✔✔the pressure in the arteries during the contraction of the ventricles cardiac cycle - ✔✔ 60 - 100 beats/minute bradycardia - ✔✔less than 60 tachycardia - ✔✔greater than 100 sinoatrial node (SA) - ✔✔located right atrium pacemaker of the heart rhythms caused by the SA node are called what - ✔✔sinus rhythms ectopic pacemakers occur when - ✔✔when the SA node fails- they will be produced and take over as the pacemaker the impulse from the SA Node travels to where - ✔✔the atrioventricular node (AV) after the AV node is stimulated where does the impulse go - ✔✔bundle of His where does the impulse go after the bundle of His - ✔✔purkinje fiber system the Purkinje system does what with the impulse - ✔✔fibers that branch into the right and left ventricles and the ventricles will contract does the AV node speeds up or slows down the impulse - ✔✔slows down

three sections of the pharynx are what - ✔✔1. nasopharynx

  1. oropharynx
  2. laryngopharynx nasopharynx is located where - ✔✔above the back of the soft palate oropharynx is located where - ✔✔lies between the soft palate and the epiglottis laryngopharynx is located where - ✔✔directly behind the larynx- voice box epiglottis is what - ✔✔soft tissue valve that covers the larynx. located at the base of the tongue purpose of epiglottis - ✔✔allow air in and out of the lungs- prevents food or liquids from entering the lungs. closes the airway while swallowing the lower airway is what - ✔✔trachea trachea is how large - ✔✔12 cm in length 2.5 cm in diameter trachea divides into what - ✔✔right and left bronchi bronchi branch out and become - ✔✔bronchioles and then alveoli how much RBC are in blood (erythrocytes) - ✔✔40 %

Hematocrit - ✔✔percentage of blood volume made up of RBC male 42-52% female 37-48% Hemoglobin - ✔✔one protein globin four non proteins heme normal levels of hemoglobin - ✔✔ 13 - 18 mL/dL males 12 - 16 mL/dL females Anemia - ✔✔decrease of the hemoglobin concentration How much oxygen is connected to hemoglobin - ✔✔1.34 mL Dead Space - ✔✔-area where gas will not be exchanged

  • extends from the pharynx to the bronchioles
  • area is 150 cc of volume space tidal volume - ✔✔amount of air inhaled and exhaled
  • average 500 cc
  • 350 cc of air actually reached the alveoli respiratory involuntary function due to - ✔✔center located in medulla oblongata Normal adult respiration - ✔✔ 12 - 16 respirations/min at rest